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BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 215 - 229, 01.02.2007

Öz

Kan protein ve lipidleri, balıkların fizyolojik durumlarının belirlenmesinde, toksisite deneylerinde ve sağlık durumlarının kontrolünde yaygın şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede, balıkların bazı kan protein ve lipidlerinin farklı tür balıklardaki seviyeleri incelenmiştir. Kan proteinlerinden total protein, albümin, kan üre nitrojeni, kreatinin, globülin ve ürenin minimum ve maksimum değerleri sırasıyla 0,10-7,50 gdL-1 , 0,10-3,20 gdL-1 , 0,00-9,80 mgdL-1 , 0,10- 2,50 mgdL-1 , 0,40-4,37 mgdL-1 ve 0,00-18,00 mgdL-1 olarak, kan lipidlerinden kolesterol ve trigliseritin minimum ve maksimum değerleri sırasıyla 0,10-714,29 mgdL-1 , 0,40-999,00 mgdL-1 aralıklarında gözlenmiştir. Gözlemlere dayanarak kan protein ve lipidlerinin balık türlerinde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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  • Dindo, J.J., Macgregor, R., Annual Cycle of Serum Gonadal Steroids And Serum Lipids in Striped Mullet, Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 110:403-409, 1981.
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  • Azizoğlu, A., Cengizler, İ., SağlıklıOreochromis niloticus (L.) Bireylerinde BazıHematolojik Parametrelerin Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Tr. J. of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 20, 425-431, 1996.
  • Canfield, P.J., Quartararo, N., Griffin, D.L., Tsoukalas, G.N., Cocaro, S.E., Haematological and Biochemical Reference Values for Captive Australian snapper, Pagrus auratus, Journal of Fish Biology, 44: 849-856, 1994.
  • Chen, C.Y., Wooster, G.A., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P.R., Timmons, M.B., Blood Chemistry of Healthy, Nephrocalcinosis-Affected and Ozone-Treated Tilapia in A Recirculation System, with Application of Discriminant Analysis, Aquaculture, 218, 89-102, 2002.
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  • BazıBiyokimyasal Kan Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi, O.M.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20 (2):15-23, 2005.
  • Haşiloğlu, M.A., Atamanalp, M., Haliloğlu, H.İ., Demirdöven Baraj Gölü (Erzurum) Tatlısu Kefali (Leuciscus cephalus) Populasyonunun Bazı Biyokimyasal Özelliklerinin Tespiti, Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi, 33 (2) 216, 2002.
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  • Sakamoto, K., Lewbart, G.A., Smith, II.T.M., Blood Chemistry Values of Juvenile Red Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus), Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Vol. 30, No. 2, 50-52, 2001.
  • Sandnes, K., Lie, Ø., Waagbo, R.,.Normal Ranges of Some Blood Chemistry Parameters in Adult Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, Journal of Fish Biology, 32, 129-136. 1988.
  • Smith, J.B., Beleau, M.H., Waterstrat, P., Tucker, C.S., Stiles, F., Bowser, P.R., Brown, L.A., Biochemical Reference Ranges for Commercially Reared Channel Catfish, The Prog. Fish-Cult., 49:108-114, 1987.
  • Şahan, A., Cengizler, İ., Seyhan Nehri (Adana Kent İçi Bölgesi)’nde Yaşayan Benekli Siraz (Capoeta barroisi Lortet, 1894) ve Kızılgöz (Rutilus rutilus) Linnaeus, 1758)’de Bazı Hematolojik Parametrelerin Belirlenmesi,
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  • Atamanalp, M., Bir Sentetik Piretroit İnsektisitin (Cypermethrin) Subletal Dozlarının Gökkuşağı Alabalığı(Oncorhynchus mykiss)’na Makroskobik, Histopatolojik, Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum, 2000.
  • Aydın, S., Gültepe, N., Yıldız, H., Natural and Experimental Infections of Campylobacter cryaerophila in Rainbow Trout: Gross Pathology, Bacteriology, Clinical Pathology and Chemotheraphy, Fish Pathology, 35(3), 123, 2000.
  • Çakıcı, H., Farklıİşletmelerde Yetiştirilen Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Onchorhychus mykiss Walbaum) Kan Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılmalı Olarak Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale, 1999.
  • Çelik, E.Ş., Çanakkale Boğazı’nda Bulunan İskorpit (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) Balığının Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Üremenin ve Mevsimlerin Etkisi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Fen
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  • Folmar, L.C., Moody, T., Bonomelli, S., Gibson, J., Annual Cycle of Blood Chemistry Parameters in Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) and Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides L.) From the Gulf of Mexico, Journal of Fish Biology, 41:999-1011, 1992.
  • Hunn, J. B., Greer, I. E., Influence of Sampling on the Blood Chemistry of Atlantic Salmon, The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 53: 184-187, 1991.
  • Knoph, M.B., Olsen, Y.A., Subacute toxicity of ammonia to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in seawater: effects on water and salt balance, plasma cortisol and plasma ammonia levels, Aquatic Toxicology, 30, 295310,
  • Lemaire, P., Drai, P., Mathieu, A., Lemaire, S., Carrière, S., Giudicelli, J., Lafaurie, M., Changes With Different Diets in Plasma Enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP) and Plasma Lipids (Cholesterol, Triglycerides) of Sea-Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Aquaculture, 93: 63-75, 1991.
  • Lenhardt, M., 1992. Seasonal Changes in Some Blood Chemistry Parameters and in Relative Liver and Gonad
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  • Sadler, J., Wells, R.M.G., Pankhurst, P.M., Pankhurst, N.W., Blood Oxygen Transport, Rheology And Haematological Responses to Confinement Stress in Diploid and Triploid Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, Aguaculture, 184, 349-361, 2000.
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STANDARDISATION OF BLOOD PROTEINS AND LIPIDS FOR SOME FISH SPECIES

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 215 - 229, 01.02.2007

Öz

Blood proteins and lipids in fish are used to determine physiological, toxicity and healthy status. In the present study, the valus of some blood proteins and lipids, considered as important indicators of health and physical conditions of fish, have been investigated in different species. The minimum and maximum values of blood proteins such as total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, globulin and urea were found to be 0.10-7.50 gdL-1 , 0.10-3.20 gdL-1 , 0.00-9.80 mgdL-1 , 0.10-2.50 mgdL-1 , 0.40-4.37 mgdL-1 and 0.00-18.00 mgdL-1 , respectively, those for blood lipids such as cholesterol and triglyceride were found to be 0.10-714.29 mgdL-1 and 0.40-999.00 mgdL-1 , respectively. Based on the above parameters, it has been determined that the blood proteins and lipids showed variations in different fish species.

Kaynakça

  • Laker, M.F., Klinik Biyokimya (Ulukaya, E., Tokullugil A., Gür, E., Dirican, M., Tuncel, P., Ulukaya, E., vd. çev.), s. 343, Uludağ Üniv. Tıp Fak. Biyokimya ABD., Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri Ltd.Şti., İstanbul, 1996.
  • Watanabe, T., Importance of The Study of Broodstock Nutrition For Further Development of Aquaculture, p. 414. In Cowey, C.B., Mackie, A.M., Bell, J.G., [ed.] Nutrition And Feeding in Fish, Acedemic Pres, London, 1985.
  • Dindo, J.J., Macgregor, R., Annual Cycle of Serum Gonadal Steroids And Serum Lipids in Striped Mullet, Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 110:403-409, 1981.
  • Lusková, V., Annual Cycles and Normal Values of Hematological Parameters in Fishes, Acta Sc. Nat. Brno, 31 (5): 70 p., 1997.
  • Azizoğlu, A., Cengizler, İ., SağlıklıOreochromis niloticus (L.) Bireylerinde BazıHematolojik Parametrelerin Saptanması Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Tr. J. of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 20, 425-431, 1996.
  • Canfield, P.J., Quartararo, N., Griffin, D.L., Tsoukalas, G.N., Cocaro, S.E., Haematological and Biochemical Reference Values for Captive Australian snapper, Pagrus auratus, Journal of Fish Biology, 44: 849-856, 1994.
  • Chen, C.Y., Wooster, G.A., Getchell, R.G., Bowser, P.R., Timmons, M.B., Blood Chemistry of Healthy, Nephrocalcinosis-Affected and Ozone-Treated Tilapia in A Recirculation System, with Application of Discriminant Analysis, Aquaculture, 218, 89-102, 2002.
  • Çelik, E.Ş., Çakıcı, H., Çanakkale Bogazı’ndaki İskorpit Balıgı (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758)’nın
  • BazıBiyokimyasal Kan Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi, O.M.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20 (2):15-23, 2005.
  • Haşiloğlu, M.A., Atamanalp, M., Haliloğlu, H.İ., Demirdöven Baraj Gölü (Erzurum) Tatlısu Kefali (Leuciscus cephalus) Populasyonunun Bazı Biyokimyasal Özelliklerinin Tespiti, Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi, 33 (2) 216, 2002.
  • Hlavová, V., Selected blood characters in chub, Leuciscus cephalus L., and Brown trout, Salmo truttöa m. fario L., with regard to the problems of reference values, Folia Zoologica, 42 (4):341-348, 1993.
  • Sakamoto, K., Lewbart, G.A., Smith, II.T.M., Blood Chemistry Values of Juvenile Red Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus), Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Vol. 30, No. 2, 50-52, 2001.
  • Sandnes, K., Lie, Ø., Waagbo, R.,.Normal Ranges of Some Blood Chemistry Parameters in Adult Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, Journal of Fish Biology, 32, 129-136. 1988.
  • Smith, J.B., Beleau, M.H., Waterstrat, P., Tucker, C.S., Stiles, F., Bowser, P.R., Brown, L.A., Biochemical Reference Ranges for Commercially Reared Channel Catfish, The Prog. Fish-Cult., 49:108-114, 1987.
  • Şahan, A., Cengizler, İ., Seyhan Nehri (Adana Kent İçi Bölgesi)’nde Yaşayan Benekli Siraz (Capoeta barroisi Lortet, 1894) ve Kızılgöz (Rutilus rutilus) Linnaeus, 1758)’de Bazı Hematolojik Parametrelerin Belirlenmesi,
  • Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 26, 849-858. 2002.
  • Atamanalp, M., Bir Sentetik Piretroit İnsektisitin (Cypermethrin) Subletal Dozlarının Gökkuşağı Alabalığı(Oncorhynchus mykiss)’na Makroskobik, Histopatolojik, Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum, 2000.
  • Aydın, S., Gültepe, N., Yıldız, H., Natural and Experimental Infections of Campylobacter cryaerophila in Rainbow Trout: Gross Pathology, Bacteriology, Clinical Pathology and Chemotheraphy, Fish Pathology, 35(3), 123, 2000.
  • Çakıcı, H., Farklıİşletmelerde Yetiştirilen Gökkuşağı Alabalığının (Onchorhychus mykiss Walbaum) Kan Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılmalı Olarak Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale, 1999.
  • Çelik, E.Ş., Çanakkale Boğazı’nda Bulunan İskorpit (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) Balığının Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Üremenin ve Mevsimlerin Etkisi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Fen
  • Bilimleri Enstitüsü, s.171, 2004.
  • Folmar, L.C., Moody, T., Bonomelli, S., Gibson, J., Annual Cycle of Blood Chemistry Parameters in Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) and Pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides L.) From the Gulf of Mexico, Journal of Fish Biology, 41:999-1011, 1992.
  • Hunn, J. B., Greer, I. E., Influence of Sampling on the Blood Chemistry of Atlantic Salmon, The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 53: 184-187, 1991.
  • Knoph, M.B., Olsen, Y.A., Subacute toxicity of ammonia to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in seawater: effects on water and salt balance, plasma cortisol and plasma ammonia levels, Aquatic Toxicology, 30, 295310,
  • Lemaire, P., Drai, P., Mathieu, A., Lemaire, S., Carrière, S., Giudicelli, J., Lafaurie, M., Changes With Different Diets in Plasma Enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP) and Plasma Lipids (Cholesterol, Triglycerides) of Sea-Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Aquaculture, 93: 63-75, 1991.
  • Lenhardt, M., 1992. Seasonal Changes in Some Blood Chemistry Parameters and in Relative Liver and Gonad
  • Weights of Pike (Esox luccius L.) from the River Danube, Journal of Fish Biology, 40, 709-718. Peres, H., Gonçalves, P., Oliva-Teles, A., Glucose Tolerance in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) and European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Aguaculture, 179, 415-423. 1999.
  • Sadler, J., Wells, R.M.G., Pankhurst, P.M., Pankhurst, N.W., Blood Oxygen Transport, Rheology And Haematological Responses to Confinement Stress in Diploid and Triploid Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, Aguaculture, 184, 349-361, 2000.
  • Shimma, Y., Shimma, H., Ikeda, K., Akiyama, T., Suzuki, R., A Rearing Test of 2-Year-Old Rainbow Trout a 15 C Pond from June to Spawning in December with Reference to Plasma Constituents, Bull. Natl. Res. Inst., Aquaculture, 6, 33-43. 1984.
  • Svoboda, M., Kouŕil, J., Hamáčková, J., Kaláb, B., Savina, L., Svobodová, Z., Vykusová., B., Biochemıcal Profıle of Blood Plasma of Tench (Tinca Tinca L.) Durıng Pre-and Postspawnıng Perıod, Acta Vet. Brno, 70: 268, 2001.
  • Young, G., Brown, C.L., Nishioka, R.S., Folmar§, L.C., Andrews, M., Cashman, J.R., Bern, H.A., Histopathology, Blood Chemistry, and Physiological Status of Normal and Moribund Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) Involved in Summer Mortality (‘die-off’) in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California, Journal of Fish Biology, 44, 491-512, 1994.
  • Burtis, C.A., Ashwood, E.R., Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1996.
  • McDonald, D.G., Milligan, C.L., Chemical Properties of the Blood, In “Fish Physiology” (Hoar, W.S., Randall, D.J., Farrell, A.P., Eds.), Acedemic Press, San Diego, 55-133, 1992.
  • Mayer, S., A review of the scientific justifications for Maintaining cetaceans in captivity, (edit. By Frances Clarke), A report for the whale and dolphin conservation society (WDCS), 35 p., 1998.
  • Cengizler, İ., Şahan (Azizoğlu), A., Seyhan Baraj Gölü ve Seyhan Nehri’nde Yaşayan Aynalı Sazan (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758)’larda Bazı Kan Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi, Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 24, 205-215,
  • Goel, K.A., Kawasthi, A, Tyaki, K., Comparative haematological studies in some freshwater Indian Fishes, 2. tierphysiol. Tierernahrgu. futtermittekde. 46. muzaffarnagar, India, p. 151-153, 1981.
  • Altun, S., Diler, Ö., Yersinia ruckeri ile İnfekte Edilmiş Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Hematolojik İncelemeler, Tr. J. of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 23, 301-309, 1999.
  • Giles, M.A., Electrolyte and Water Balance in Plasma and Urine of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) during Chronic Exposure to Cadmium, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol., 41, 1678-1685, 1984.
  • Handy, R.D., Sims, D.W., Giles, A., Campbell, H.A., Musonda, M.M., Metabolic Trade-Off Between Locomotion and Detoxification for Maintenance of Blood Chemistry and Growth Parameters by Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) During Chronic Dietary Exposure to Copper, Aquatic Toxicology, 47, 23-41, 1999.
  • Yamawaki, K., Hashimoto, W., Fujii, K., Koyama, J., Ikeda, Y., Ozaki, H., Hemochemical Changes in Carp Exposed to Low Cadmium Concentrations, Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 52 (3): 459- , 1986.
  • Kopp, R., Heteša, J., Changes of Haematological Indices of Juvenile Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Under the Influence of Natural Populations of Cyanobacterial Water Blooms, Acta Vet. Brno, 69: 131-137, 2000.
  • Lusková, V., Lusk, S., Halačka, K., Yearly Dynamics of Enzyme Activities and Metabolite Concentrations in Blood Plasma of Chondrostoma Nasus, Folia Zoologica-44, 1995.
  • Warner, M.C., Williams, R.W., Comparison Between Serum Values of Pond And Intensive Raceway Cultured Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), Journal of Fish Biology, 11:385-395, 1977.
  • Wells, R.M.G., Macdonald, J.A., DiPrisco, G., Thin-Blood Antarctic Fishes: A Rheological Comparison of the Haemoglobin-Free Icefishes Chionodraco kathleenae And Cryodracoantarcticus With A Red-Blooded Nototheniid, Pagothenia bernacchii, Journal of Fish Biology, 36: 595-609, 1990.
  • Das, B.K., Mukherjee, S.C., Toxicity of Cypermethrin in Labeo rohita Fingerlings: Biochemical, Enzymatic and Haematological Consequences, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C, 134, 109-121, 2003.
  • Bernet, D., Schmidt, H., Wahli, T., Burkhardt-Holm, P., Effluent from a Sewage Treatment Works Causes Changes in Serum Chemistry of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta L.), Ecotoxicology and Enviromental Safety, 48, 147, 2001.
  • Hunn, J. B., Schoettger R.A., Healdon, E.W.W., Observations on the handling and maintenance of bioassay fish, Prog. Fish-Cult., 30:164-167, 1968.
  • McKim, J.M., Lien, G.J., Hoffman, A.D., Jenson, C.T., Respiratory-Cardiovascular Physiology and Xenobiotic Gill Flux in the Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush), Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A, 123: 69- , 1999.
  • Martinez, C.B.R., Nagae, M.Y., Zaia, C.T.B.V., Zaia, D.A.M., Acute Morphological and Physiological Effects of Lead in the Neotropical Fish Prochilodus lineatus, Braz. J. Biol., 64(4): 797-807, 2004.
  • Yone, Y., Hossain, M.A., Furuichi, M., Kato, F., Effect of Fermented Scrap Meal on Proximate Compositions of Muscle and Liver Hematological Characteristics and Chemical Components in Blood Plasma of Rea Sea Bream. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 52 (8): 1461-1464, 1986.
  • Cataldi, E., Marco, P.D., Mandich, A., Cataudella, S., Serum Parameters of Adriatic Sturgeon Acipencer naccarii (Pisces: Acipenseriformes): Effects of Temperature and Stres, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A, 121, 351-354,1998.
  • Boon, J.H., Cannaerts, V.M.H., Augustijn, H., Machiels, M.A.M., De Charleroy, D., Ollevier., F., The Effect of Different Infection Levels with Infective Larvae of Anguillicola crassus on Haematological Parameters of European Eel (Anguilla anguilla), Aquaculture, 87, 243-253, 1990.
  • Lusková, V., Svoboda, M., Kolárová, J., The effect of Diazinon on Blood Plasma Biochemistry in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), Acta Vet. Brno, 71: 117-123, 2002.
  • Oruç, E.O., Uner, N., Effect of Azinphosmethyl on C. Carpio, Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 62, 6571,
  • Everall, N.C., Mitchell, D.B., Groman, D.B., Johnston, J.A.A., Tracing of Haematotoxic Agents in Water with the Aid of Captive Fish: A Study with Captive Adult Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar in the River Don, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, Vol.10: 75-85, 1991.
  • Jeney, Z., Valtonen, E.T., Jeney, G., Jokinen, E. I., 1996. Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent (BKME) on
  • Physiology and Biochemistry of the Roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 30, 523-529, Nelson, J.A., Tank, Y., Boutilier, R.G., The Effects of Salinity Change on the Exercise Performance of Two Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Populations Inhabiting Different Environments, The Journal of Experimental Biology, 199, 1295-1309, 1996.
  • Karagül, H., Altıntaş, A., Fidancı, U.R., Sel, T., Klinik Biyokimya, s. 430, Cilt 1, Medisan Yayın Evi, Yayın No: , Ankara, 2000.
  • Mustonen, A-M., Nieminen, P., Hyväarinen, H., Liver and Plasma Lipids of Spawning Burbot, Journal of Fish Biology, 61, 1318-1322, 2002.
  • Everall, N.C., Mitchell, C.G., Robson, J.N., Effluent causes of the ‘pigmented salmon syndrome’ in wild adult Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from the River Don in Aberdeeshire, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, Vol. 12: 199- , 1992.
  • Erdoğan, O., Haliloğlu, H.İ., Çiltaş, A., Annual Cycle of Serum Gonadal Steroids and Serum Lipids in Capoeta capoeta umbla, Güldenstaedt, 1772 (Pisces: Cyprinidae), Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 26, 1093-1096, 2002.
  • Garcia-Garrido, L., Chapuli, R.M., Andres, A.V.D., Serum Chosterol and Triglyceride Levels in Scyliorhinus canicula (L.) During Sexual Maturation, Journal of Fish Biology, 36, 499-509, 1990.
  • MacFarlane, R.B., Norton, E.C., Bowers, M.J., Lipid Dynamics in Relation to the Annual Reproductive Cycle in Yellowtail Rockfish (Sebastes flavidus), Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., Vol. 50, 391-401, 1993.
  • Wood, C.M., Ammonia and Urea Metabolism and Excretion, In “The Physiology of Fishes” (Evans, D.H., Ed.), CRC Marine Science Series, Boca Raton, 379-425, 1993.
  • Berndt, W.O., Use of renal function tests in the evaluation of nephrotoxic ffects, Pges 1-29 in J. B. Hook, editor, Toxicology of the kidney, Raven Press, New York, 1981.
  • Kaplan, A., Szabo, L.L., Clinical Chemistry: Interpretation and Techniques, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, Oikari, A., Soivio, A., Physiological condition of fish exposed to water containing pulp and paper industry wastes and sewage, In Biological Monitoring of Inland Fisheies (Alabaster, J.S., ed.), pp. 89-96. London: Applied Science, 1977.
  • Aydın, S., Çiltaş, A., Bilgin, Ö.C., Investigations of Serratia liquefaciens Infection in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Walbaum), Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 25, 643-650, 2001.
  • Smith, H.W., The excretion of ammonia and urea by the gills of fish, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 81, 727- , 1929.
  • Lockhart, W.L., Metner, D.A., Fish serum chemistry as a pathology tool, In Contaminant Effects on Fisheries, Vol. 16 (Cairns, V.W., Hodson, P.V., Nriagu, J.O., eds), Pp. 73-86. New York: Wiley Interscience, 1984.
  • Knoph, M.B., Thorud, K., Toxicity of Ammonia to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Seawater-Effects on Plasma Osmolality, Ion, Ammonia, Urea and Glucose Levels and Hematologic Parameters, Com. Biochem. Physiol. Vol. 113A, No. 4, 375-381, 1996.
  • Knoph, M.B., Måsİval, K., Plasma Ammonia and Urea Levels in Atlantic Salmon Farmed in Sea Water, Journal of Fish Biology, 49, 165-168, 1996.
  • Nanba, K., Kakuta, I., Murachi, S., Annual Changes in the Nitrogen Compound Ratios Between Urine and Plasma in Carp Cyprinus carpio, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 53 (6), 919-923, 1987.
  • Jeon, J.K., Kim, P.K., Park, Y.J., Huh, H.T., Study of Serum Constituents in Several Species of Cultured Fish. J. Korean Fish. Soc., 28 (2), 123-130, 1995.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA83CK44BC
Bölüm Makale
Yazarlar

Ekrem Şanver Çelik Bu kişi benim

Sabri Bilgin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2007
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, E. Ş., & Bilgin, S. (2007). BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(1), 215-229.
AMA Çelik EŞ, Bilgin S. BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. Şubat 2007;23(1):215-229.
Chicago Çelik, Ekrem Şanver, ve Sabri Bilgin. “BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 23, sy. 1 (Şubat 2007): 215-29.
EndNote Çelik EŞ, Bilgin S (01 Şubat 2007) BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 23 1 215–229.
IEEE E. Ş. Çelik ve S. Bilgin, “BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU”, Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 1, ss. 215–229, 2007.
ISNAD Çelik, Ekrem Şanver - Bilgin, Sabri. “BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 23/1 (Şubat 2007), 215-229.
JAMA Çelik EŞ, Bilgin S. BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007;23:215–229.
MLA Çelik, Ekrem Şanver ve Sabri Bilgin. “BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 1, 2007, ss. 215-29.
Vancouver Çelik EŞ, Bilgin S. BAZI BALIK TÜRLERİ İÇİN KAN PROTEİN VE LİPİDLERİNİN STANDARDİZASYONU. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2007;23(1):215-29.

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