SOĞUKTA DEPOLAMANIN FARKLI KONUKÇULARDA YETİŞEN Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (HYM: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE)’in FARKLI EVRELERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 30 - 36, 01.02.2007

Salih Karabörklü , Abdurrahman Ayvaz

Öz

Bu çalışmada yumurta parazitoidi Trichogramma evanescens’in yumurta, larva ve pupa evreleri çeşitli konukçu [Ephestia kuehniella Zeller ve Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)] yumurtalarında 4°C de 10, 20, 30 ve 40 gün süreyle depolanmıştır. Her bir konukçu içerisinde depolanan parazitoidlerin ergin çıkışı, parazitleme performansları ve ömür uzunluklarında depolama süresine bağlı olarak önemli oranda azalma gözlenmiştir. Depolama süresi çıkan erginlerin cinsiyet oranlarında önemli bir değişime neden olmamıştır. Depolama süresi arttıkça Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) yumurtasında gelişen parazitoidlerin ömür uzunluğundaki azalma E. kuehniella yumurtasında gelişenlerden çok daha fazla olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trichogramma evanescens, Ephestia kuehniella, Sitotroga cerealella, Soğukta depolama, Depolama süresi, Biyolojik mücadele

EFFECTS OF COLD STORAGE ON THE LIFE STAGES OF Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (HYM: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) RARED ON DIFFERENT HOST EGGS

Öz

In this study the eggs, larvae and pupae of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens in different host eggs [Ephestia kuehniella Zeller and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)] were stored as parasitized host eggs at 4°C for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. Emergence, parasitization and longevity of the adults emerged from stored host eggs decreased depending on the storage periods. Sex rations of the adults were not effected by storage temperature and periods. The decrease of the adult parasitoid longevity emerged from S. cerealella eggs was more evident than that of E. kuehniella eggs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trichogramma evanescens, Ephestia kuehniella, Sitotroga cerealella, Cold storage, Storage period, Biological control

Kaynakça

• Boshra, S.A., Effect of high-temperature pre-irradiation on reproduction and mating competitiveness of male Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) and their F1 progeny, Journal of Stored Product Research, 43, 73-78, 2007.
• Jacob, T.A., Cox, P.D., The influence of temperature and humidity on the life-cycle of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), J. Stored Prod. Res., 13, 107–118, 1977.
• Johnson, J.A., Valero, K.A., Hannel, M.M., Effect of low temperature storage on survival and reproduction of Indianmeal moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Crop Protection, 16, 519-523, 1997.
• Hansen, L.S., Jensen, K.M.V., Effect of temperature on parasitism and host-feeding of Trichogramma turkestanica (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Journal of Economic Entomology 95, 50-56, 2002.
• Li L.-Y. Worldwide use of Trichogramma for biological control on different crops a survey. E. Wajnberg S. A. Hassan Biological control with egg parasitoids CAB International Wallingford, UK, pp. 37-53, 1994.
• Bernardi, E. B., Haddad, M.L., Parra, J.R.P., Comparison of artificial diets for rearing Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) (Lep.: Pyralidae) for Trichogramma mass production, Rev. Brasil Biol., 60, 45-52, 2000.
• Tezze, A.A., Botto, E.N., Effect of cold storage on the quality of Trichogramma nerudai (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Biological Control 30, 11-16, 2004.
• Bradley, J.R., Thomson, L.J., Hoffmann, A.A., Effects of Cold Storage on Field and Laboratory Performance of Trichogramma carverae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and the Response of Three Trichogramma spp. (T. carverae, T. nr. brassicae, and T. funiculatum) to Cold, Journal of Economic Entomology, 97, 213221, 2004.
• Jalali, S.K., Singh, S.P., Differential response of four Trichogramma species to low temperatures for short term storage, Entomophaga, 37, 159-165, 1992.
• Amalin, D.M., Pena, J.E., Duncan, R.E., Effects of host age, female parasitoid age, and host plant on parasitism of Ceratogramma etıennei (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Florida Entomologist, 88, 77-82, 2005.
• Marec, F., Kollarova, I., Pavelka, J., Radiation-induced inherited sterility combined with a genetic sexing system in Ephestia kuehniella (Lepitoprea: Pyralidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 92, 250-259, 1999.
• SPSS 1999, Version 10.0., SPSS Inc., Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL, USA.
• Piao, Y.F., Lin, H., Shi, G.R., Quality control of the physique of mass-reared Trichogramma, Plant Protection, 18, 28-29, 1992.
• Vigil, B.O., Laboratory multiplication and release of Trichogramma sp. with A view to controlling Heliothis zea (Boddie) and Alabama argillacea (Hb.) in El Salvador (Central America), Coton Fibres Tropicales, 26, 211-216, 1971.
• Özder, N., Effect of different cold storage periods on parasitization performance of Trichogramma cacoeciae (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), Biocontrol Science and Technology,14, 441-447, 2004.
• Kumar, P., Shenhmar, M., Brar, K.S., Effect of low temperature storage on the efficiency of three species of trichogrammatids, Journal of Biological Control, 19, 17-21, 2005.
• Hassan, S.A., Beyer, H., Dannemamm, K., Heil, M., Pfister, A., Reichel, W., Schlegel, C., Stein, E., Weislmaier, H., Winstel, K., Massenzucht und Anwendung von Trichogramma: II. Ergebnisse von Ringversuchen zur Bekampfung des Maiszunslers (Ostrinia nubilalis), Gesunde P.anzen, 42, 387–394, 1990.
• Couillien, D., Gregoire, J. C., Take-off capacity as a criterion for quality in mass produced predators, Rhizophagus grandis (Coleoptera: Rhizophagidae) for the biocontrol of bark beetles, Dendroctonus micans (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Entomophaga, 39, 385-395, 1994.
• Pitcher, S.A., Hoffmann, M.P, Gardner, J., Wright, M.G., Kuhar, T.P., Cold storage of Trichogramma ostriniae reared on Sitotroga cerealella eggs, BioControl, 47, 525–535, 2002.
• Ozder, N., Saglam, O., Effect of short term cold storage on the quality of Trichogramma brassicae, T. cacoeciae, and T. evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Great Lakes Entomologist, 37, 183-187, 2004.
• Smith, S. M., Release of Trichogramma to control Lepidoptera. In: E. Wajnberg & S. A. Hassan (eds.), Biological Control with Egg Parasitoids. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 113–144, 1994.
• Bigler. F., Meyer. A., Bosshart, S., Quality assessment in Trichogramma maidis Pintureau et Voegele´ reared from eggs of the factitious hosts Ephestia kuehniella Zell. and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier). Journal of Applied Entomology, 104, 340–353, 1987.