Kuraklık Stresinin Fasulyede Bitki Gelişimi, Bazı Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2, 264 - 273, 17.08.2020

Ertan Yıldırım , Sima Caşka Kılıçaslan Melek Ekinci , Raziye Kul

Öz

Bu
çalışma kuraklık stresinin fasulyede bitki gelişimi, besin maddesi içeriği ile
bazı fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikler üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla
Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma Seraları
ve Laboratuarında 2018-2019 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, tesadüf
parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 farklı sulama seviyesi [tam sulama (%100)
(D0), tarla kapasitesinin %80 (D1) ve %60’si (D2)] ve 3 tekerrürlü olarak saksı
denemesi şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, kuraklık stresinin fasulyede yaprak
alanı, yaprak-gövde-kök yaş ağırlığı ile yaprak-gövde-kök kuru ağırlığı gibi
bitki gelişim parametreleri üzerine olumsuz etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Elektriksel
iletkenlik (EC) kuraklık stresi ile artarken, doku oransal su içeriği
azalmıştır. Kuraklık stresi ayrıca fasulyede incelenen organlarda bitki besin
elementi içeriğini azaltmış, buna karşın hidrojen peroksit (H₂O₂),
melondiahldeid (MDA), prolin ve sakkoroz içeriğini artırmıştır. Sonuç olarak;
kurak koşullarda yetiştirilen fasulyede kuraklığa tepkide ve tolerans sağlamada
birçok biyokimyasal mekanizmanın meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuraklık stresi, Fasulye, Bitki gelişimi, Fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal tepkiler

Kaynakça

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