Tünel Kazı Jet-grout Destek Sistemleri ve İnşa Aşamalarının 3B Tedrici Etkileri: İsviçre Aescher (Zürih) Tünel Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 155 - 167, 30.04.2022

Faruk Elmas Halil Murat Alğın Arda Burak Ekmen

Öz

Bu çalışmada, İsviçre’nin Zürih kentinde yer alan Aescher tünel örneği temel alınarak, tünel kazı destek sistemlerindeki detay uygulamalar ve inşa aşamaları, üç boyutlu sonlu elemanlar (3B SE) analizlerine tanıtılmış olup kullanılan bu tünel tasarımı kapsamında, kazı ve inşa aşamalarının analiz sonuçları üzerindeki tedrici etkileri araştırılmıştır. Jet-grout kolonlarla yapılan tünel destek sistemleri, geliştirilen kapsamlı 3B SE simülasyonlarında gerçek boyutlarıyla kullanılmış olup jet-grout tahkimatını müteakiben yapılan kazı uygulamaları, aşamalı inşa metodolojisi temel alınarak, hassas bir biçimde modellenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Bu sayede, jet grout destek sistemlerinin ve kazı aşamalarının tünel inşa sürecindeki ilerleyişi ve bu aşamaların tünel destek sistemlerine olan tedrici etkileri göz önüne alınarak, uygulanan tünel kazı sisteminin güvenliği gerçekçi olarak araştırılabilmiştir. Analizlerden elde edilen sonuçlar, literatürde daha önce yayınlanmış olan ölçüm sonuçları ile karşılaştırılarak, geliştirilen modellerin ve kullanılan parametrelerin doğrulama işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, gerçek ölçüm sonuçlarına oldukça yakın değerlere ulaşılmıştır. Böylece, jet-grout destek sistemleri kullanılan tünellerin 3B SE analizlerinin, kazı ve inşa aşamalarının tedrici etkileri dikkate alınarak, kapsamlı bir şekilde yapılabileceği gösterilmiş olup sunulan sonuçları temel alan uygulama detayları ile ilgili öneriler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üç Boyutlu Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi, Tünel Kazı Aşamaları, Jet-Grout, Tünel Destek Sistemlerinin İnşa Aşamaları

3D Progressive Effects of Tunnel Excavation Jet-grout Support Systems and Construction Phases: Switzerland Aescher (Zurich) Tunnel Example

Öz

In this study, considering the Aescher tunnel example in Zurich, Switzerland, the detailed applications and construction stages in tunnel excavation support systems are introduced to three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) analyses and within the scope of this tunnel design used, the effects of the excavation and construction stages on the analysis results are investigated. In the developed comprehensive 3D FE simulations, the tunnel support systems with jet-grout columns are represented with their real dimensions, and the excavation applications following the jet-grout implementations are comprehensively modelled and analysed based on the staged construction methodology. Accordingly, considering the progression of the jet grout support systems and excavation stages in the tunnel construction process, the progressive effects of these stages on the tunnel support systems, the safety of the applied tunnel excavation system are investigated realistically. The results obtained from the analyses are compared with the in-situ measured results previously published in the literature in order to validate the developed models and the parameters considered. In this context, the obtained values very close to the actual measured site-specific data have been attained. Paper reveals that 3D FE simulations of tunnels with jet-grout support systems can comprehensively be analysed by considering the progressive effects of excavation and construction stages, accordingly the suggestions regarding the application details based on the presented results are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Tunnel Excavation Stages, Jet-Grout, Construction Stages of Tunnel Support Systems

Kaynakça

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