Studies on antioxidant , anticancer, DNA cleavage activity and GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extracts of Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich plant parts

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 304 - 314, 31.08.2024

Uday Beksravi , Fatma Öztürk Küp , Nilgün Kuşçulu , Dr. Mithat Güllü , Dilek Bahar

Öz

Ecballium elaterium is a native species of the south of Europe and the Mediterranean catchment, occasionally cultivated for its use as a medicinal plant. In this study was investigated to phytochemicals profiles, cucurbitacin content, antioxidant, DNA cleavage properties and anticancer activity of E. elaterium seed, fruit peel and juice ethanol extracts. Phytochemical components of all extracts were determined by phytochemical analysis methods. Quantitative cucurbitacin content was determined by GC-MS, free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined by DPPH method, separation ability on pBR322 DNA was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and cytotoxic effects were determined by MTT analysis on the HepG2 liver cancer line. Phytochemical and GC-MS analysis results indicate cucurbitacins containing glycoside molecules that can be evaluated as a drug in the structure of the plant. The highest cucurbitacin content of 3.73 % was found in E. elaterium fruit peel. DPPH activity of juice, fruit peel and seed extracts were determined to be 29.39%, 54.12%, and 79.45%, respectively at the highest concentration. All of the extracts had an effect on the superhelix structure of plasmid DNA. There was a decrease in the viability of HepG2 liver cancer cells due to the increase in concentration. After 48 hours of incubation, IC50 values for juice, fruit peel and seed extracts were determined as 309.02 μg/ml, 525.43 μg/ml and 549.54 μg/ml, respectively. It seems that E. elaterium juice, fruit peel and seed extracts have promising potential as future natural anticancer agents in food industry

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ecballium elaterium, Cucurbitacin, biological activity, antioxidant, anticancer, pBR322 DNA

Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich bitki parçalarının etanol ekstraktlarının antioksidan, antikanser, DNA ayırma aktivitesi ve GC-MS analizi üzerine çalışmalar

Öz

Öz. Ecballium elaterium, Avrupa'nın güneyinde ve Akdeniz havzasında bulunan yerli bir türdür ve bazen tıbbi bitki olarak kullanılmak üzere yetiştirilir. Bu çalışmada E. elaterium tohumu, meyve kabuğu ve meyve suyu etanol ekstraktlarının fitokimyasal profilleri, cucurbitacin içeriği, antioksidan, DNA ayırma özelliği ve antikanser aktiviteleri araştırıldı. Tüm ekstraktların fitokimyasal bileşenleri fitokimyasal analiz yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirildi. Kantitatif kukurbitasin içeriği GC-MS, ekstraktların serbest radikal temizleme aktivitesi DPPH yöntemiyle, pBR322 DNA üzerindeki ayırma özelliği agaroz jel elektroforezi ve sitotoksik etkileri HepG2 karaciğer kanseri hattı üzerinde MTT analizleri ile belirlendi. Fitokimyasal ve GC-MS analiz sonuçları bitkinin yapısında ilaç olarak değerlendirilebilecek glikozit molekülleri içeren kukurbitasinlerin varlığına işaret etmektedir. En yüksek cucurbitacin içeriği %3,73 ile E. elaterium meyve kabuğunda bulunmuştur. Meyve suyu, meyve kabuğu ve tohum ekstraktlarının DPPH aktivitesinin en yüksek konsantrasyonda sırasıyla %29,39, %54,12 ve %79,45 olduğu belirlendi. Ekstraktların tümü plazmid DNA'nın süperheliks yapısı üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak HepG2 karaciğer kanseri hücrelerinin canlılığında azalma meydana gelmiştir. 48 saatlik inkübasyonun ardından meyve suyu, meyve kabuğu ve tohum ekstraktlarının IC50 değerleri sırasıyla 309,02 μg/ml, 525,43 μg/ml ve 549,54 μg/ml olarak belirlendi. E. elaterium meyve suyu, meyve kabuğu ve tohumunun gıda endüstrisinde gelecekteki doğal antikanser ajanları olarak umut verici bir potansiyele sahip olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ecballium elaterium, Kukurbitasin, antioksidan, antikanser, pBR322 DNA

Kaynakça

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