“Ahlak” Üzerine Notlar

Öz

Günümüzde giderek yaygınlaşarak kullanılan etik kavramı ve onunla sonlanan isim tamlamaları analitik bir temelden yoksundur. Doğrusu Türkçe’ye ‘ahlak’ olarak çevrilmesi gereken günümüz ‘etik’ söylemlerinin analizi Hegel’in Kant eleştirisinde olduğu gibi bu alanın iki farklı kavramla ele alınması gerekliliğini ortaya koyar. Buna göre, insanın içsel akıl yürütmesi sonucu sahip olduğu iyikötü bilgisi olarak ahlak (moralitat) ve toplumsal yaşayıştan doğan kurallar dizgesi olarak kendisini gösteren töre (ya da töresel yaşam, ethic veya Sittlichkeit) arasında ciddi bir aynm vardır. Bu ikisinin karıştırılması ve ahlakın töresel yaşamın gerçekleri aleyhine önplana çıkartılması gerçekçi olmamasının ötesinde felsefi, hukuki ve siyasi açıdan ciddi sorunlar doğurur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ahlak,töre,töresel yaşam,hak,kalıcı barış

Consıderatıons on Moralıty

Öz

The concept of ethic and compound concepts ending with it that acquire increasing popularity in our contemporary world are missing any analytical ground. A preliminary analysis of the concept of ethic shovvs that indeed we need two close but quite different concepts in approaching this field as one can see in Hegel’s critique of Kantian conceptualization. According to Hegel, there is a serious need to differentiate betvveen morality (moralitat) understood as the knowledge of good and evil acquired through inner reflection and ethic (ethical life, Sittlichkeit) as set of rules of conduct arisin from the actuality of the social life. Any confusion in this differentiation will inevitably lead to the emergence of grave difficulties in theoretical, juridical, political and social life in addition to its being unrealistic. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• morality,ethic,ethical life,right,perpetual peace

Kaynakça

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5. - 1980c, ‘T he Eye of Povver” , Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, The Harvester Press, Sussex, içinde sh. 146-165.
6. - 1980d, ‘The History of Sexuality” , Power/Knowledge: Selected lnterviews and Other Writings 1972-1977, The Harvester Press, Sussex, içinde sh. 183- 193.
7. - 1984, The History of Sexuality: An Introduction, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.
8. - 1986, The History o f Sexuality, Vol. II: The Use o f Pleasure, Vintage Books, New York.

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15. - (1788) 1975, Critique of Practical Reason, The Bobbs-Merril Comp., Indianapolis.
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18. - (1795) 1983, ‘T o Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch”, Kant Immanuel, 1983, Perpetual Peace and Other Essays on Politics, History, and Morals, çev. Ted Humphrey, Hackett Publishing Co., Indianapolis, Cambridge, sh. 107-143 (Metin içinde kısaltılmış başlık: “Kalıcı Barış”).
19. - (1797) 1991, The Metaphysics o f Morals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge ve Ne w York.
20. Parliament of the W orld’s Religions, 1993, Declaration Toward a Global Ethic, Chicago.
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22. Ringen, Stein, 2004, ”Wealth and Decay: Norway Funds a Massive Political SelfExamination — and Finds Trouble for Ali”, Times Literary Supplement, February 13, no. 5263, sh. 3-5.
23. Türkiye Bankalar Birliği, 2001, ‘Türkiye Bankalar Birliği Bankacılık Etik İlkeleri”, İstanbul.