A Fragment of Old Uyghur Uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī from the Berlin Turfan Collection

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 75, 223 - 250, 29.12.2018

Uğur Uzunkaya

https://doi.org/10.32704/erdem.496892

Cited By: 1

Öz

ABSTRACT

Old Uyghur translations of Buddhist canonical texts have played a predominant role in the emergence of written sources of Central Asian Turkish Buddhism. Among these texts, there are also texts of the Esoteric Buddhism which has developed as a form of Mahāyāna and Mahāyāna Buddhism and contained liturgical practices such as magic and ritual. One of the dhāraṇī sūtra, which contains elements related to the esoteric Buddhist beliefs and practices that constitutes the subject of this paper, is Sanskrit Ārya-sarva-durgatipariśodhana-uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī. Old Uyghur Ārya-sarvadurgati-pariśodhana-uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī consists of block printed fragments preserved in the Turfan Collection at the Berlin- Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. This Old Uyghur work, which was published by F.W.K. Müller in the edition of Uigurica II, has been prepared on the basis of block prints in the Berlin Turfan Collection. In addition to these fragments, which constitute the basis of the Müller edition, there is also a fragment of manuscript of this text, which is currently located in the Berlin Turfan Collection with the archive number of U 2378a (T I T 301.500). Based on the edition 224 and translation of this fragment of manuscript, this paper aims to introduce the manuscript which has not been published until now, to make explanations on the aforementioned manuscript, and to prepare the index of the text.

Keywords: Central Asian Buddhism, Esoteric Buddhism,
Tantric texts, dhāraṇī
sūtras,
Old Uyghur, Uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī.

ÖZ

Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’ndan Eski Uygurca Uṣṇīṣavijayānāma-dhāraṇī’nin Bir Fragmanı Budist külliyata ilişkin metinlerin Eski Uygurcaya tercümesi Orta Asya Türk Budizmi’nin yazılı kaynaklarının oluşmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Mahāyāna Budizmi ve Mahāyāna’nın bir formu olarak gelişen, büyü ve ritüel gibi ayine ilişkin uygulamaları ihtiva eden Ezoterik Budizm’e ait metinler de bunlar arasında yer alır. Bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan Ezoterik Budist inanç ve uygulamalara ilişkin unsurları ihtiva eden dhāraṇī sūtralardan biri de Sanskritçe Ārya-sarva-durgati-pariśodhana-uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī’dir. Eski Uygurca Ārya-sarva-durgati-pariśodhana-uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāmadhāraṇī Berlin-Brandenburg Bilimler Akademisi’ndeki Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda saklanan blok baskı fragmanlardan oluşmaktadır. F.W.K. Müller tarafından Uigurica II içerisinde neşredilmiş olan bu Eski Uygurca eser Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda bulunan blok baskı metinler temelinde hazırlanmıştır. Müller neşrinin temelini oluşturan bu fragmanlara ek olarak metne ait olan bugün Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda U 2378a (T I T 301.500) arşiv numarasıyla korunan bir yazma fragman da mevcuttur. Bu yazma fragmanın neşri ve tercümesi temelinde, bu yazı şimdiye kadar yayımlanmamış olan yazmayı tanıtmayı, mevzubahis metne ilişkin açıklamalarda bulunmayı ve metnin dizininin hazırlanmasını amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orta Asya Budizmi, Ezoterik Budizm, Tantra Budizmi metinleri, dhāraṇī sūtralar, Eski Uygurca, Uṣṇīṣavijayā-nāma-dhāraṇī

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