INVESTIGATION OF THE FAMILY STRESSORS OF MOTHERS WHO HAS CHILD WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN ADOLESCENCE AGE

Öz

Adolescence is an important period of life that starts with biological changes, including psychological and sociological changes. The stress experienced by the parents of adolescents is often maden the subject of research. However, there is not enough information about the family stressors of the parents of individuals with special needs in adolescence. Studies focus on early childhood years, where relatively special needs are more recently defined. Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the coping status of mothers who have children with special needs in adolescence. Materials and Methods: The population of the study is the mothers of children who live in Ankara and have special needs during adolescence. The study group consisted of 116 mothers of children who educated at six special education vocational training centers located in central districts of Ankara. Results: According to the results of current research on the effect of having children with special needs on the family stressors, the age, and gender of the child, the number of children and the type of disability,  the stressors were not found. This can be explained by the effectiveness of the coping mechanisms developed by the mother. However, it is seen that there is a relationship between the working status of mothers, the presence of someone who can get help, middle age, education level and income level of the household and family stressors. Conclusion: In this respect, it is seen that social support mechanisms of mothers need to be strengthened.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Family; Mother; Disability; Family Stressors

Ergenlik Çağında Özel Gereksinimli Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Aile Stresörleri İle Başa Çıkma Durumlarının İncelenmesi

Öz

Ergenlik dönemi biyolojik değişimler ile başlayan, psikolojik ve sosyolojik değişimleri de içeren önemli bir yaşam dönemidir. Ergenlik çağındaki bireylerin anne ve babalarının deneyimledikleri stres sıklıkla araştırma konusu edinilmiştir. Ancak ergenlik çağında olan özel gereksinimli bireylerin ebeveynlerinin aile stresörlerine ilişkin yaşantıları ile ilgili yeterince bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmalar nispeten özel gereksinimliliğin daha yeni tanımlanmış olduğu erken çocukluk yıllarına odaklanmaktadır. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı ergenlik çağında özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelerin aile stresörleri ile başa çıkma durumlarının incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evreni Ankara ilinde ikamet eden ve ergenlik çağında özel gereksinimliliği bulunan çocukların anneleridir. Çocuğu Ankara ili merkez ilçelerinde bulunan altı özel eğitim mesleki eğitim merkezine devam eden 116 anne araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Sonuçlar: Özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip olmanın aile stresörleri üzerindeki etkisinin araştırıldığı güncel araştırma sonuçlarına göre sahip olunan çocuğun yaşı ve cinsiyeti, sahip olunan çocuk sayısı ve engelin türü ile stresörler arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır. Bu durum özel gereksinimli çocuğun ergenlik çağına ulaşıncaya dek annenin geliştirdiği stresle başa çıkma mekanizmalarının etkililiği ile açıklanabilir.  Ancak ergenlik çağında özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelerin çalışma durumu, yardım alabileceği birinin varlığı, orta yaşta olma, eğitim düzeyi ve hanenin gelir düzeyinin etkisi devam ettiği görülmektedir. Bu bakımdan ergenlik çağında özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelerin sosyal destek mekanizmalarının güçlendirilmeye ihtiyacı olduğu görülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aile; Anne; Özel Gereksinimlilik; Aile Stresörleri

Kaynakça

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