Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

ERGONOMİK DİSEKSİYON MAKASI

Yıl 2023, , 170 - 177, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.1245125

Öz

Ergonomi, temel olarak insanın makineye değil makinenin insana uyumunu amaç
edinir. Geleneksel diseksiyon makasları tek bir düzlemde olup, sap ve gövde
bölümlerinde herhangi bir eğim bulunmaz. Bunun sonucunda makası kullanan kişi
sürekli olarak bileğini bükmesine bağlı olarak ağrı ve strese maruz kalır. Standart
makaslarda el nadiren nötr pozisyona gelir. Diseksiyonda dokular kat kat
birbirinden ayrılarak incelenir. Dokuların birbirinden ayrılma işlemi diseksiyon
makasları, oluklu sonda ve bisturi ile yapılır. Ergonomik diseksiyon makasının
tasarımının temel amacı, sap kısmı ve kulplarının insan anatomisine uygun
ergonomik yapıda olmasıdır. Makasın sap bölümde; kulplar ve kulp sapları tamamen
parmak ergonomisine uygun hale getirilmiştir. Ayrıca ergonominin temeli olan aletin
bükülmesi gerekliliği olarak sap bölümü eli nötr pozisyonda kalabilecek şekilde
değiştirilmiştir. Makasın, kulpların bulunduğu sap bölümünde parmaklarla, el bileği
ile ve makas-zeminle olan ilişkileri tasarımda temeli oluşturmuştur. Diseksiyonun
sadece makasla yapılmadığı ve kullanılan diğer aletlerinde makasa nasıl adapte
edileceği de düşünülmüştür. Çalışmada bahsedilen tasarım patent almış ve
tescillenmiştir. Makas ve oluklu sonda aynı malzemede olması kullanıcıya diseksiyon
sırasında oldukça rahatlık sağlayacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Aldien, Y., Welcome, D., Rakheja, S., et al. (2005). Contact Pressure Distribution At Hand–Handle Interface: Role of Hand Forces and Handle Size. Int J Ind Ergon., 35, 267–286. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2004.09.005.
  • Armstrong, T.J., Foulke, J.A., Joseph, B.S., et al. (1982). Investigation of Cumulative Trauma Disorders in A Poultry Processing Plant. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J., 43, 103–116.doi: 10.1080/15298668291409433.
  • Baber, C. (2006). Cognitive Aspects of Tool Use. Applied Ergonomics, 37 (1), doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2005.06.004. 3–15.
  • Bisht, D. S., and Khan, M. R. (2013). Ergonomic Assessment Methods for the Evaluation of Hand- held Industrial Products: A Review.” Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering., 559–564.
  • Buckle, P.W., Devereux, J.J. (2002). The Nature of Work-Related Neck and Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders. Appl Ergon., 33, 207– 217. doi: 10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00014-5.
  • Cochran, D.J., Riley, M. W. (1986). An Evaluation of Knife Handle Guarding. Hum Factors.,28, 295– 301. doi: 10.1177/001872088602800305.
  • Corley, F. G., and Thomas, R. (2011). Basic Surgical Instruments and Their Use. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 19 (4), 200–205. doi:10.1053/j.otsm.2011.10.001.
  • Cunha, E.G.S, de Souza, A.P., Minette, L.J. (2012). Ergonomic Evaluation of The Preparation of Cuttings and Minicuttings For Eucalyptus Seedling Production, With The Use of Scissors. Work. ,41, 5511–5515.
  • Dempsey, P.G., Leamon, T. B. (1995). Implementing Bent-Handled Tools in The Workplace. Ergon Des., 3(4),15–21.
  • Dianat, I., Haslegrave, C.M., Stedmon, A. W. (2012). Using Pliers in Assembly Work: Short and Long Task Duration Effects of Gloves on Hand Performance Capabilities and Subjective Assessments of Discomfort and Ease of Tool Manipulation. Appl Ergon.,43, 413–423.
  • Dianat, I., Kord, M, Yahyazade, P., et al. (2015). Association of Individual and Work-Related Risk Factors With Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Iranian Sewing Machine Operators. Appl Ergon. 51, 180–188. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.04.017.
  • Fredriksson, K. (1995). Laboratory Work With Automatic Pipettes: A Study on How Pipetting Affects The Thumb. Ergonomics, 38,1067–1073. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925173.
  • Haag, R., and W. Storz. (2011). Springer Handbook of Medical Technology. Springer: Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4.
  • Konz, S., Mital, A. (1990). Guidelines: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 5, 175–180.
  • Kuijt-Evers, L.F.M., Groenesteijn, L., de Looze, M.P., VinkIdentifying, P. (2004). Factors of Comfort in Using Hand Tools. Appl Ergon., 35(5), 453-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2004.04.001
  • LaBar, G. (1992). Succeeding with Ergonomics. OccupationalHazards (OHA), 54 (4), 29–33.
  • Matern, U., and D. Büchel. (2011). Springer Handbook of Medical Technology, 59–71. Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4 Springer.
  • Moore, J. S. (1997). De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: Stenosing Tenosynovitis of The First Dorsal Compartment. J Occup Environ Med.,39, 990– 1002. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199710000- 00011
  • Nazari, J., Mahmoudi, N., Dianat, I., Graveling, R. (2012). Working Conditions in Carpet Weaving Workshops and Muscu-loskeletal Complaints among Workers in Tabriz - Iran. Health Promot Perspect, 28,2(2):265-73. doi: 10.5681/hpp.2012.032. PMID: 24688943; PMCID: PMC3963630.
  • Patkin, M. (2001). A Checklist for Handle Design. Ergonomics Australia On-Line 15 (Suppl.), 8–18.
  • Seagull, F. J. (2012). Disparities between Industrial and Surgical Ergonomics. Work, 41, 4669–4672. doi:10.3233/WOR-2012-0107-4669.
  • Shimomura, Y., Shirakawa, H., Sekine, M., Katsuura, T., Igarashi, T. (2015). Ergonomic Design and Evaluation Of New Surgical Scissors. Ergonomics, 58 (11):1878-84.
  • Strasser, H. And Bullinger, H. J. (2007). A Systematic Approach For The Analysis and Ergonomic Design of Hand-Held Tools and Control Actuators – Visualized By Some Real-Life Examples. In: Strasser H, Editor. Assessment of the ergonomic quality of hand-held tools and computer input devices. Lancaster (PA): IOS Press, p. 1–22.
  • Tichauer, E. R. (1978). The Biomechanical Basis of Ergonomics: Anatomy Applied To The Design of Work Station. New York (NY): Wiley.

ERGONOMIC DISSECTION SCISSORS

Yıl 2023, , 170 - 177, 15.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.1245125

Öz

Ergonomics essentially aims to adapt the machine to the human, not the human to
the machine. Conventional dissecting shears lie in a single plane, and there is no bevel
on the handle and body parts. Consequently, the person using the scissors is subjected
to pain and stress due to the constant bending of the wrist. With normal scissors, the
hand rarely comes to a neutral position. Dissection involves separating and
examining tissues in layers. Tissues are separated using dissecting scissors, a
corrugated probe, and a scalpel. The purpose of the design of the ergonomic
dissecting scissors is that the handle and grips have an ergonomic structure suitable
for the anatomy. In the handle area of the scissors, the grips and handles have been
fully adapted to finger ergonomics. Moreover, due to the need to bend the tool, which
is the basis of ergonomics, the handle part was modified to allow the hand to remain
in the neutral position. The relationships of the scissors to the fingers, wrist and base
of the scissors are the basis for the design of the handle part, where the handles are
located. It is also considered that the dissection is not performed only with scissors
and how it can be adapted to the scissors in other instruments used. The design
mentioned in the study has been patented and registered. The fact that the scissors
and the slotted probe are made of the same material provides the user with a high
level of comfort during dissection.

Kaynakça

  • Aldien, Y., Welcome, D., Rakheja, S., et al. (2005). Contact Pressure Distribution At Hand–Handle Interface: Role of Hand Forces and Handle Size. Int J Ind Ergon., 35, 267–286. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2004.09.005.
  • Armstrong, T.J., Foulke, J.A., Joseph, B.S., et al. (1982). Investigation of Cumulative Trauma Disorders in A Poultry Processing Plant. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J., 43, 103–116.doi: 10.1080/15298668291409433.
  • Baber, C. (2006). Cognitive Aspects of Tool Use. Applied Ergonomics, 37 (1), doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2005.06.004. 3–15.
  • Bisht, D. S., and Khan, M. R. (2013). Ergonomic Assessment Methods for the Evaluation of Hand- held Industrial Products: A Review.” Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering., 559–564.
  • Buckle, P.W., Devereux, J.J. (2002). The Nature of Work-Related Neck and Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders. Appl Ergon., 33, 207– 217. doi: 10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00014-5.
  • Cochran, D.J., Riley, M. W. (1986). An Evaluation of Knife Handle Guarding. Hum Factors.,28, 295– 301. doi: 10.1177/001872088602800305.
  • Corley, F. G., and Thomas, R. (2011). Basic Surgical Instruments and Their Use. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 19 (4), 200–205. doi:10.1053/j.otsm.2011.10.001.
  • Cunha, E.G.S, de Souza, A.P., Minette, L.J. (2012). Ergonomic Evaluation of The Preparation of Cuttings and Minicuttings For Eucalyptus Seedling Production, With The Use of Scissors. Work. ,41, 5511–5515.
  • Dempsey, P.G., Leamon, T. B. (1995). Implementing Bent-Handled Tools in The Workplace. Ergon Des., 3(4),15–21.
  • Dianat, I., Haslegrave, C.M., Stedmon, A. W. (2012). Using Pliers in Assembly Work: Short and Long Task Duration Effects of Gloves on Hand Performance Capabilities and Subjective Assessments of Discomfort and Ease of Tool Manipulation. Appl Ergon.,43, 413–423.
  • Dianat, I., Kord, M, Yahyazade, P., et al. (2015). Association of Individual and Work-Related Risk Factors With Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Iranian Sewing Machine Operators. Appl Ergon. 51, 180–188. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.04.017.
  • Fredriksson, K. (1995). Laboratory Work With Automatic Pipettes: A Study on How Pipetting Affects The Thumb. Ergonomics, 38,1067–1073. doi: 10.1080/00140139508925173.
  • Haag, R., and W. Storz. (2011). Springer Handbook of Medical Technology. Springer: Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4.
  • Konz, S., Mital, A. (1990). Guidelines: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 5, 175–180.
  • Kuijt-Evers, L.F.M., Groenesteijn, L., de Looze, M.P., VinkIdentifying, P. (2004). Factors of Comfort in Using Hand Tools. Appl Ergon., 35(5), 453-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2004.04.001
  • LaBar, G. (1992). Succeeding with Ergonomics. OccupationalHazards (OHA), 54 (4), 29–33.
  • Matern, U., and D. Büchel. (2011). Springer Handbook of Medical Technology, 59–71. Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74658-4 Springer.
  • Moore, J. S. (1997). De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: Stenosing Tenosynovitis of The First Dorsal Compartment. J Occup Environ Med.,39, 990– 1002. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199710000- 00011
  • Nazari, J., Mahmoudi, N., Dianat, I., Graveling, R. (2012). Working Conditions in Carpet Weaving Workshops and Muscu-loskeletal Complaints among Workers in Tabriz - Iran. Health Promot Perspect, 28,2(2):265-73. doi: 10.5681/hpp.2012.032. PMID: 24688943; PMCID: PMC3963630.
  • Patkin, M. (2001). A Checklist for Handle Design. Ergonomics Australia On-Line 15 (Suppl.), 8–18.
  • Seagull, F. J. (2012). Disparities between Industrial and Surgical Ergonomics. Work, 41, 4669–4672. doi:10.3233/WOR-2012-0107-4669.
  • Shimomura, Y., Shirakawa, H., Sekine, M., Katsuura, T., Igarashi, T. (2015). Ergonomic Design and Evaluation Of New Surgical Scissors. Ergonomics, 58 (11):1878-84.
  • Strasser, H. And Bullinger, H. J. (2007). A Systematic Approach For The Analysis and Ergonomic Design of Hand-Held Tools and Control Actuators – Visualized By Some Real-Life Examples. In: Strasser H, Editor. Assessment of the ergonomic quality of hand-held tools and computer input devices. Lancaster (PA): IOS Press, p. 1–22.
  • Tichauer, E. R. (1978). The Biomechanical Basis of Ergonomics: Anatomy Applied To The Design of Work Station. New York (NY): Wiley.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri / Research Articles
Yazarlar

Fahrettin Fatih Kesmezacar 0000-0001-5110-1184

Atiye Bahar Mergen 0000-0003-3901-6096

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Kesmezacar, F. F., & Mergen, A. B. (2023). ERGONOMİK DİSEKSİYON MAKASI. Ergonomi, 6(3), 170-177. https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.1245125

Dergi yılda 3 sayı (Nisan, Ağustos ve Aralık) olarak yayımlanmaktadır. Bu sayılara ek olarak Editörler Kurulu’nun kararıyla, Ulusal Ergonomi Kongresi’nde sunulan bildiriler “Özel Sayı” olarak yayımlanabilmektedir.