İNŞAAT SEKTÖRÜ ÇALIŞANLARININ İŞYERİ ERGONOMİK DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Yıl 2024,
, 116 - 128, 15.08.2024
İsmail Tuğrul
,
Ali Ağar
,
Gamze Atalı
Öz
İnşaat sektörü, mesleki yaralanmaların ve ölümlerin yaşandığı en riskli sektörlerin başında gelmektedir. Günümüzde bu sektör teknolojik değişim ve gelişime bağlı ekonomik bakımdan önemli bir lokomotif olmasına rağmen, kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının görülme sıklığının fazla olduğu sektörlerden birisi olmakla beraber ergonomik riskler açısından önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Edirne ilindeki bir inşaat projesinde bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 150 çalışan ile işyeri ergonomik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan kesitsel tipte bir çalışmadır. Veri toplama yöntemi olarak çalışanların Sosyo-demografik özelliklerine yönelik anket ve İşyeri Ergonomi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak yapılmış olup, istatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışanların demografik özellikleri ile iş yeri ergonomi ölçeği arasında istatistiksel bir fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p˃0,05). Ayrıca iş yeri ergonomi düzeyi ile yaş, meslekte toplam çalışma süresi ve işyerinde toplam çalışma süresi arasında herhangi bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p ˃0.05). Çalışanların işyeri ergonomi toplam ölçek puanı ise 112.68±25.31 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak inşaat sektörü çalışanlarının yüksek düzeyde iş yeri ergonomi düzeyine sahip oldukları ancak ergonomik riskler konusunda farkındalık eğitimlerinin bütün çalışanlara verilmesi gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Abdullah, N. H., Wahab, E., Shamsuddin, A., Hamid, N. A. A. & Kamaruddin, N. K. (2016). Workplace Ergonomics and Employees’ Health: A Case Study at Automotive Manufacturer, IEOM Society International, Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10.
- Ahankoob, A., & Charehzehi, A. (2013). Mitigating Ergonomic Injuries in Construction Industry, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume: 6, Issue: 2 (Mar.- Apr. 2013), 36-42.
- Akpınar, T., Çakmakkaya, B. Y. & Batur, N. (2018). Ofis Çalışanlarının Sağlığının Korunmasında Çözüm Önerisi Olarak Ergonomi Bilimi. Balkan ve Yakın Doğu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 04 (02).
- Aksüt, G., Eren, T. & Tüfekçi, M. (2020). Ergonomik Risk Faktörlerinin Sınıflandırılması: Bir literatür Taraması, Ergonomi 3(3), 169-192, 2020, e-ISSN: 2651-4877. DOI: 10.33439/ergonomi.773896
- Albers, J. T. & Estill, C. F. (2007). Ergonomics for Construction Workers, Simple Solutions, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
- Alzahrani, N. A. (2019). Workplace Ergonomics and Academic Staff Performance in College of Education in Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah, American Journal of Educational Research, Vol: 7, No: 9, 604-617, 2019. DOI: 10.12691/education-7-9-2
- Aytaç, S., & Kaya, Ö. (2019). Ergonominin Çalışma Yaşamındaki Önemi, Karatahta/İş Yazıları Dergisi Sayı: 14 / Ağustos 2019 (s: 1-14).
- Baştürk, A. O. (2019). İnşaat sektörü çalışanlarında ergonomik risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Tarsus Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
- Bridger, R. S. (2003). Introduction to Ergonomics, This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003.
Ceylan, H. (2014). Türkiye'de İnşaat Sektöründe Meydana Gelen İş Kazalarının Analizi, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 6 (1), 1-6. DOI: 10.29137/umagd.346068
- Chukwuma, N. N. (2022). Physical Work Environment (Ergonomics) and Workers’ Productivity in Selected Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, South Asian Research Journal of Business and Management, Volume: 4, Issue: 3, ISSN 2664-3995 (Print) & ISSN 2664-6757 (Online), May-Jun-2022. DOI: 10.36346/sarjbm.2022.v04i03.001
- Çiçek, H., & Çağdaş, A. (2020). Ergonomik Faktörlerin Çalışan Performansına Olan Etkileri, OHS ACADEMY İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Akademi Dergisi, 3(2), 30.08.2020, ISSN: 2630-578X, https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.733730.
- Deouskar, N. (2017). The Impact of Ergonomıcs on the Productıvıty of People, International Journal of Marketing & Financial Management, ISSN: 2348-3954 (online) ISSN: 2349-2546 (print), Volume: 5, (Issue: 6, Jun-2017), pp 59-63.
- Durmaz, V., Yazgan, E. & Yılmaz, A. K. (2021). Ergonomic Risk Factors in Ground Handling Operations to Improve Corporate Performance, International Journal of Aviation Science and Technology, Volume: 2, Issue: 2, (2021), 82-90.
- Haydarnzhad, N., Shaban, N., Heidarpour, K., Harati, B., Nasrollahi, A., Harati, A. & Sharafi, K. (2015). Study Of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders İn Workers At A Construction Site, International Research Journal Of Applied And Basic Sciences, 9 (10): 1839-1844pp.
- Jaffar, N., Abdul-Tharim, A. H., Mohd-Kamar, I. F. & Lop, N. S. (2011). A Literature Review of Ergonomics Risk Factors in Construction Industry, The 2nd International Building Control Conference 2011, SciVerse ScienceDirect, Procedia Engineering 20 (2011) 89-97.
- Kaya, Ö. (2019). The Role Of The Ergonomıcs On Apparel Sector Wıthın The Developing Technology, Ergonomi 2(3), 147-152, 2019, e-ISSN: 2651-4877. DOI: 10.33439/ergonomi.621839
- Kanbay, Y., & Yalap O. (2022). SPSS ile Temel Veri Analizleri. Akademisyen Kitabevi (s: 41).
- Li, K. W. & Lee, C. L. (1999). Postural Analysis Of Four Jobs On Two Building Construction Sites: An Experience Of Using The Owas Method İn Taiwan, Journal Of Occupational Health, 41(3): 183–190.
- Lop, N. S. B., Salleh, N. M., Zain, F. M. Y. & Saidin, M. T. (2019). Ergonomic Risk Factors (ERF) and their Association with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among Malaysian Construction Trade Workers: Concreters, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(9), 1269-1282, 20 September 2019.
- Mani, K., Gowtham, S., Kaleeswaran, G. V., Ram, P. V. & Surya, K. K. (2021). Consequence of Ergonomics in Construction Industry: A Review, International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), Vol: 13, No: 1, ISSN (Print): 2319-8613, ISSN (Online): 0975-4024, Mar-Apr 2021. DOI: 10.21817/ijet/2021/v13i2/211302007
- Mohan, S. B. (2018). Identifying and Controlling Ergonomic Risk Factors in Construction, Journal of Ergonomics, J Ergonomics, an open access journal ISSN: 2165-7556, Volume: 8, Issue: 4. DOI: 10.4172/2165-7556.1000235
- Mohana, M., Mukesh, T. S. & Indhujha, S. V. (2019). Ergonomic Risk Manipulations in Construction Sphere-A Literature Review, International Journal of Engineering Science Invention (IJESI), ISSN (Online): 2319-6734, ISSN (Print): 2319-6726, Volume: 8, Issue: 07, Series: I, July 2019, pp. 33-39.
- Okşak, İ., & Gökyay, O. (2020). İş Yerlerinde Ergonomik Koşulların İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Aydınlatma Özelinde Değerlendirilmesi, Int. J. Adv. Eng. Pure Sci. 2020, 32 (4): 488-493. DOI: 10.7240/jeps.735574
- Olla, J. O. (2012). ErgonomIcs; an Important Tool for Organısatıonal Success, 4 Eylül 2012.
- Paridaa, R., & Rayb, P. K. (2012). Study and Analysis of Occupational Risk Factors for Ergonomik Design of Construction Worksystems, Work 41 (2012) 3788-3794. DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0679-3788, IOS Press
- Park J. W., Kang, M. Y., Kim, J. II., Hwang, J. H., Choi, S. S. & Cho, S. S. (2022). Influence of Coexposure to long Working Hours and Ergonomic Risk Factors on Musculoskeletal Symptoms: An İnteraction Analysis, BMJ Open 2022;12: e055186. DOİ:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055186, Accepted 28 April 2022
- Polat, F., Boz, D., Filiz, A. Ç. & Duran, C. (2021). Workplace Ergonomıcs Scale, Eurasian Academy of Sciences Social Sciences Journal, Volume: 38, S: 60-82, 2021. http://doi.org/10.17740/eas.soc.2021.V38-05
- Ramya, T., Kothai, P. S., Sampathkumar, K. & Abinayasri, E. (2017). Study on Application of Ergonomic Principles for Work related Injuries in Construction Projects, International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (IJSDR), Volume: 2, Issue: 4, April 2017, ISSN: 2455-2631.
- Schneider, S. P., Griffin, M. & Chowdhury, R. (1998). Ergonomic Exposures Of Construction Workers: An Analysis Of The U.S. Department Of Labor Employment And Training Administration Database On Job Demands, Aplied Occupational And Environmental Hygiene, 13(4): 238-241.
- Shikdar, A. A. (2004). Identification of Ergonomic Issues That Affect Workers in Oilrigs in Desert Environments, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE) Vol: 10, No: 2, 169-177, 2004.
- Sirisha, T., & Kalyan, N. B. (2019). Ergonomıcs at Work Envıronment in Indıa, Applıed & Practıcıng Anthropology Journal, Browse ALL abstracts fort his journal, Vol: 4, No: 28, Apr: 16, 2019.
- Sohbet, R., Yeşilyurt, B. & Okuyan, C. B. (2019). The İmpact of Ergonomic Conditions on Factory Workers’ Self-esteem in Turkey, JOHE 2019; 8(3):123-8, Print ISSN: 2251-8096, Online ISSN: 2252-0902, doi: 10.29252/johe.8.3.123.
- Uzun, M., & Müngen, U. (2011). Çalışma Ortamında Ergonomik Koşulların İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Kazaları Açısından Önemi, 3. İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Güvenliği Sempozyumu, 21-23 Ekim 2011, Çanakkale.
- Yalçın, E., & Ayvaz, B. (2018). İşletmelerde İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Ergonomik Risk Ölçümü: Tekstil Sektöründe Bir Uygulama, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 17 (34), 13-30.
Retrievedfromhttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ticaretfbd/issue/55969/495116
- Yetim, H., & Gündüz, T. (2015). Taşıma Kaplarının Elle Yerleştirilmesinde Zorlanmaya Neden Olan Çalışma Duruşlarının Analizi, PressAcademia Procedia, Global Business Research Congress (GBRC), June 4-5, 2015, Istanbul, Turkey.
DETERMINATION OF WORKPLACE ERGONOMIC LEVELS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES
Yıl 2024,
, 116 - 128, 15.08.2024
İsmail Tuğrul
,
Ali Ağar
,
Gamze Atalı
Öz
The construction industry is one of the groups most affected by the injuries and deaths of soldiers. Although this future sector is an economically important locomotive due to technological change and development, it has an important place in terms of ergonomic risks, while there is one of the sections where the deterioration of the musculoskeletal system is more than the cases where deterioration is not seen. This research is a cross-sectional type study with 150 volunteer employees in a construction project in Edirne province, with the aim of targeting the ergonomic height of the workplace. As data collection method, employment questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics and Workplace Ergonomics Scale were used. The analysis of the data was done using SPSS 22 package program and the observation was taken as p<0.05. It was determined that there was no difference between the demographic characteristics of the employees and the speed of workplace ergonomics (p˃0.05). In addition, no relationship was found between workplace ergonomics level and age, total working time in the profession and total working time in the workplace (p ˃0.05). The ergonomics total scale score of the employees' workplaces was determined as 112.68±25.31. As a result, it has been concluded that the construction sector employees have a high level of workplace ergonomics, but efficient training on ergonomic risks should be given to all employees.
Kaynakça
- Abdullah, N. H., Wahab, E., Shamsuddin, A., Hamid, N. A. A. & Kamaruddin, N. K. (2016). Workplace Ergonomics and Employees’ Health: A Case Study at Automotive Manufacturer, IEOM Society International, Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10.
- Ahankoob, A., & Charehzehi, A. (2013). Mitigating Ergonomic Injuries in Construction Industry, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume: 6, Issue: 2 (Mar.- Apr. 2013), 36-42.
- Akpınar, T., Çakmakkaya, B. Y. & Batur, N. (2018). Ofis Çalışanlarının Sağlığının Korunmasında Çözüm Önerisi Olarak Ergonomi Bilimi. Balkan ve Yakın Doğu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 04 (02).
- Aksüt, G., Eren, T. & Tüfekçi, M. (2020). Ergonomik Risk Faktörlerinin Sınıflandırılması: Bir literatür Taraması, Ergonomi 3(3), 169-192, 2020, e-ISSN: 2651-4877. DOI: 10.33439/ergonomi.773896
- Albers, J. T. & Estill, C. F. (2007). Ergonomics for Construction Workers, Simple Solutions, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
- Alzahrani, N. A. (2019). Workplace Ergonomics and Academic Staff Performance in College of Education in Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah, American Journal of Educational Research, Vol: 7, No: 9, 604-617, 2019. DOI: 10.12691/education-7-9-2
- Aytaç, S., & Kaya, Ö. (2019). Ergonominin Çalışma Yaşamındaki Önemi, Karatahta/İş Yazıları Dergisi Sayı: 14 / Ağustos 2019 (s: 1-14).
- Baştürk, A. O. (2019). İnşaat sektörü çalışanlarında ergonomik risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Tarsus Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
- Bridger, R. S. (2003). Introduction to Ergonomics, This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003.
Ceylan, H. (2014). Türkiye'de İnşaat Sektöründe Meydana Gelen İş Kazalarının Analizi, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 6 (1), 1-6. DOI: 10.29137/umagd.346068
- Chukwuma, N. N. (2022). Physical Work Environment (Ergonomics) and Workers’ Productivity in Selected Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, South Asian Research Journal of Business and Management, Volume: 4, Issue: 3, ISSN 2664-3995 (Print) & ISSN 2664-6757 (Online), May-Jun-2022. DOI: 10.36346/sarjbm.2022.v04i03.001
- Çiçek, H., & Çağdaş, A. (2020). Ergonomik Faktörlerin Çalışan Performansına Olan Etkileri, OHS ACADEMY İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Akademi Dergisi, 3(2), 30.08.2020, ISSN: 2630-578X, https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.733730.
- Deouskar, N. (2017). The Impact of Ergonomıcs on the Productıvıty of People, International Journal of Marketing & Financial Management, ISSN: 2348-3954 (online) ISSN: 2349-2546 (print), Volume: 5, (Issue: 6, Jun-2017), pp 59-63.
- Durmaz, V., Yazgan, E. & Yılmaz, A. K. (2021). Ergonomic Risk Factors in Ground Handling Operations to Improve Corporate Performance, International Journal of Aviation Science and Technology, Volume: 2, Issue: 2, (2021), 82-90.
- Haydarnzhad, N., Shaban, N., Heidarpour, K., Harati, B., Nasrollahi, A., Harati, A. & Sharafi, K. (2015). Study Of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders İn Workers At A Construction Site, International Research Journal Of Applied And Basic Sciences, 9 (10): 1839-1844pp.
- Jaffar, N., Abdul-Tharim, A. H., Mohd-Kamar, I. F. & Lop, N. S. (2011). A Literature Review of Ergonomics Risk Factors in Construction Industry, The 2nd International Building Control Conference 2011, SciVerse ScienceDirect, Procedia Engineering 20 (2011) 89-97.
- Kaya, Ö. (2019). The Role Of The Ergonomıcs On Apparel Sector Wıthın The Developing Technology, Ergonomi 2(3), 147-152, 2019, e-ISSN: 2651-4877. DOI: 10.33439/ergonomi.621839
- Kanbay, Y., & Yalap O. (2022). SPSS ile Temel Veri Analizleri. Akademisyen Kitabevi (s: 41).
- Li, K. W. & Lee, C. L. (1999). Postural Analysis Of Four Jobs On Two Building Construction Sites: An Experience Of Using The Owas Method İn Taiwan, Journal Of Occupational Health, 41(3): 183–190.
- Lop, N. S. B., Salleh, N. M., Zain, F. M. Y. & Saidin, M. T. (2019). Ergonomic Risk Factors (ERF) and their Association with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among Malaysian Construction Trade Workers: Concreters, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(9), 1269-1282, 20 September 2019.
- Mani, K., Gowtham, S., Kaleeswaran, G. V., Ram, P. V. & Surya, K. K. (2021). Consequence of Ergonomics in Construction Industry: A Review, International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), Vol: 13, No: 1, ISSN (Print): 2319-8613, ISSN (Online): 0975-4024, Mar-Apr 2021. DOI: 10.21817/ijet/2021/v13i2/211302007
- Mohan, S. B. (2018). Identifying and Controlling Ergonomic Risk Factors in Construction, Journal of Ergonomics, J Ergonomics, an open access journal ISSN: 2165-7556, Volume: 8, Issue: 4. DOI: 10.4172/2165-7556.1000235
- Mohana, M., Mukesh, T. S. & Indhujha, S. V. (2019). Ergonomic Risk Manipulations in Construction Sphere-A Literature Review, International Journal of Engineering Science Invention (IJESI), ISSN (Online): 2319-6734, ISSN (Print): 2319-6726, Volume: 8, Issue: 07, Series: I, July 2019, pp. 33-39.
- Okşak, İ., & Gökyay, O. (2020). İş Yerlerinde Ergonomik Koşulların İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Aydınlatma Özelinde Değerlendirilmesi, Int. J. Adv. Eng. Pure Sci. 2020, 32 (4): 488-493. DOI: 10.7240/jeps.735574
- Olla, J. O. (2012). ErgonomIcs; an Important Tool for Organısatıonal Success, 4 Eylül 2012.
- Paridaa, R., & Rayb, P. K. (2012). Study and Analysis of Occupational Risk Factors for Ergonomik Design of Construction Worksystems, Work 41 (2012) 3788-3794. DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0679-3788, IOS Press
- Park J. W., Kang, M. Y., Kim, J. II., Hwang, J. H., Choi, S. S. & Cho, S. S. (2022). Influence of Coexposure to long Working Hours and Ergonomic Risk Factors on Musculoskeletal Symptoms: An İnteraction Analysis, BMJ Open 2022;12: e055186. DOİ:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055186, Accepted 28 April 2022
- Polat, F., Boz, D., Filiz, A. Ç. & Duran, C. (2021). Workplace Ergonomıcs Scale, Eurasian Academy of Sciences Social Sciences Journal, Volume: 38, S: 60-82, 2021. http://doi.org/10.17740/eas.soc.2021.V38-05
- Ramya, T., Kothai, P. S., Sampathkumar, K. & Abinayasri, E. (2017). Study on Application of Ergonomic Principles for Work related Injuries in Construction Projects, International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (IJSDR), Volume: 2, Issue: 4, April 2017, ISSN: 2455-2631.
- Schneider, S. P., Griffin, M. & Chowdhury, R. (1998). Ergonomic Exposures Of Construction Workers: An Analysis Of The U.S. Department Of Labor Employment And Training Administration Database On Job Demands, Aplied Occupational And Environmental Hygiene, 13(4): 238-241.
- Shikdar, A. A. (2004). Identification of Ergonomic Issues That Affect Workers in Oilrigs in Desert Environments, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE) Vol: 10, No: 2, 169-177, 2004.
- Sirisha, T., & Kalyan, N. B. (2019). Ergonomıcs at Work Envıronment in Indıa, Applıed & Practıcıng Anthropology Journal, Browse ALL abstracts fort his journal, Vol: 4, No: 28, Apr: 16, 2019.
- Sohbet, R., Yeşilyurt, B. & Okuyan, C. B. (2019). The İmpact of Ergonomic Conditions on Factory Workers’ Self-esteem in Turkey, JOHE 2019; 8(3):123-8, Print ISSN: 2251-8096, Online ISSN: 2252-0902, doi: 10.29252/johe.8.3.123.
- Uzun, M., & Müngen, U. (2011). Çalışma Ortamında Ergonomik Koşulların İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Kazaları Açısından Önemi, 3. İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Güvenliği Sempozyumu, 21-23 Ekim 2011, Çanakkale.
- Yalçın, E., & Ayvaz, B. (2018). İşletmelerde İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Açısından Ergonomik Risk Ölçümü: Tekstil Sektöründe Bir Uygulama, İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 17 (34), 13-30.
Retrievedfromhttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ticaretfbd/issue/55969/495116
- Yetim, H., & Gündüz, T. (2015). Taşıma Kaplarının Elle Yerleştirilmesinde Zorlanmaya Neden Olan Çalışma Duruşlarının Analizi, PressAcademia Procedia, Global Business Research Congress (GBRC), June 4-5, 2015, Istanbul, Turkey.