TÜRKİYE'DEKİ SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ ERGONOMİ DÜZEYİ, İŞ VE YAŞAM DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 227 - 235, 15.12.2024

Seçil Ergin Doğan , Yasemin Altınbaş

https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.1514689

Öz

Çalışma ortamlarındaki riskler çalışanların psikososyal durumlarının belirleyicileridir. Ergonomik olarak düzenlenmiş bir çalışma ortamı çalışanların motivasyonunu arttırır ve verimliliklerini olumlu yönde etkiler. Sağlık çalışanlarının kaliteli hizmet sunabilmesi için fiziksel, çevresel, sosyal ve bilişsel açıdan sağlıklı olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki sağlık çalışanlarının işyeri ergonomisi ile iş ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesini amaçlamıştır. Kesitsel, tanımlayıcı ve korelasyonel nitelikteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini 422 sağlık çalışanı oluşturdu. Bu araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Ergonomi Ölçeği, Minnesota İş Doyumu Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının tam olarak %48.1'i 26-35 yaş aralığında, %64.2'si kadın, %41.2'si hemşire idi. Ergonomi Ölçeği, İş Doyumu Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği puanlarının ortalamaları 2.85±0.65, 2.83±0.76 ve 2.33±0.97 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ergonomi düzeyi ile iş ve yaşam doyumu arasında pozitif yönde güçlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ergonomi düzeyi iş doyumunu etkilemiş ancak yaşam doyumunu etkilememiştir. Bu çalışma, çalışma ortamındaki ergonomik risk faktörlerinin kontrol altına alınmasıyla sağlık çalışanlarının iş ve iş dışı yaşamlarında değişiklikler meydana gelebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergonomi, Sağlık çalışanları, İş doyumu, Yaşam doyumu

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ERGONOMICS LEVEL, JOB AND LIFE SATISFACTION OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN TURKEY

Öz

Risks in work environments are determinants of employees' psychosocial conditions. An ergonomically arranged work environment increases the motivation of employees and positively affects their productivity. In order for healthcare workers to provide quality service, they must be physically, environmentally, socially and cognitively healthy. This study aimed to examine the relationship between workplace ergonomics, job and life satisfaction of healthcare workers in Turkey. This cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study’s sample consisted of 422 healthcare workers. For this research, the Sociodemographic Information Form, Ergonomics Scale, Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale were used as data collection tools. Exactly 48.1% of the healthcare workers were between the ages of 26–35, 64.2% were women, and 41.2% were nurses. The mean of Ergonomics Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale scores were 2.85 ± 0.65, 2.83 ± 0.76 and 2.33 ± 0.97. A Positive, strong relationship was found between the ergonomics level, job and life satisfaction. The ergonomics level affected job satisfaction, but did not affect life satisfaction. This study has revealed that changes can occur in the work and non-work lives of healthcare workers by controlling the ergonomic risk factors in the work environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergonomics, Healthcare workers, Job satisfaction, Life satisfaction

Etik Beyan

Before the implementation of the study, ethical permission was granted by the ethical board of the institution (approval number: 19/7/2022-300). This study was approved by the ethical review boards at the Adıyaman University Ethics Committee and Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital.

Kaynakça

• Abdollahi, T., Pedram Razi, S., Pahlevan, D., Yekaninejad, M. S., Amaniyan, S., Leibold Sieloff, C., & Vaismoradi, M. (2020). Effect of an Ergonomics Educational Program on Musculoskeletal Disorders in Nursing Staff Working in the Operating Room: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(19), 7333.
• Alrawahi, S., Sellgren, S. F., Altouby, S., Alwahaibi, N., & Brommels, M. (2020). The application of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory of Motivation to Job Satisfaction in Clinical Laboratories in Omani Hospitals. Heliyon, 6, e04829.
• Baycan, F. A. (1985). An Analysis of The Several Aspects of Job Satisfaction Between Different Occupational Groups. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Bazazan, A., Dianat, I., Bahrampour, S., Talebian, A., Zandi, H., Sharafkhaneh, A., & Maleki-Ghahfarokhi, A. (2019). Association of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workload with Work Schedule and Job Satisfaction among Emergency Nurses. International Emergency Nurses, 44, 8–13.
• Bunpot, L., Klangduen, P. (2019). The Development of The Driver Ergonomic Risk Assessment (DERA) for Assessing The Risk Factors for Professional Driver. IOP Publishing.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2006). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı, Ankara: Pegem Yayınları, 40-48.
• Chen, W., Zhang, D., Pan, Y., Hu, T., Liu, G., & Luo, S. (2017). Perceived Social Support And Self-Esteem as Mediators of The Relationship between Parental Attachment and Life Satisfaction among Chinese Adolescents. Personal Individual Differences, 108, 98-102.
• Dağlı, A., Baysal, N. (2016). Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği̇’ni̇n Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerli̇k ve Güveni̇rli̇k Çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15, 1250-1262.
• Degen, L., Linden, K., Seifried-Dübon, T., Werners, B., Grot, M., Rind, E., Pieper, C., Eilerts, A. L., Schroeder, V., Kasten, S., Schmidt, M., Goebel, J., Rieger, M. A., Weltermann, B. M., & On Behalf Of The IMPROVEjob Consortium (2021). Job Satisfaction and Chronic Stress of General Practitioners and Their Teams: Baseline Data of a Cluster-Randomised Trial (IMPROVEjob). International Journal of environmental research and public health, 18(18), 9458.
• Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Pers Assessment. 49, 71–5.
• Dixon, F., Vitish-Sharma, P., Khanna, A., Keeler, B. D., & VOLCANO Trial Group (2024). Robotic assisted surgery reduces ergonomic risk during minimally invasive colorectal resection: the VOLCANO randomised controlled trial. Langenbeck's archives of surgery, 409(1), 142.
• Gaszynska, E., Stankiewicz-Rudnicki, M., Szatko, F., Wieczorek, A., & Gaszynski, T. (2014). Life Satisfaction and Work-Related Satisfaction among Anesthesiologists in Poland. Hindawi Publishing Corporation e Scientific World Journal, 601865.
• Gün, G. (2017). Ergonomi ve İş Tatmini İlişkisi (Tekstil İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama). Akad Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5, 249–70.
• Hotchkiss, D., Banteyerga, H. & Tharaney, M. (2015). Job Satisfaction and Motivation among Public Sector Health Workers: Eidence from Ethiopia. Human Resources Health, 13, 83–94.
• Jaworski, M., Iwanow, L., Grochans, E., Młynarska, A., Gurowiec, P. J., Uchmanowicz, I., Gotlib, J., & Panczyk, M. (2020). Optimistic Thinking, Satisfaction with Life and Job and Nursing Care Rationing: Multicenter Study in Poland. Journal of Nursing Management, 00, 1–12.
• Kabbash, I. A., El-Sallamy, R. M., Abdo, S. A. E., & Atalla, A. O. (2020). Job Satisfaction among Physicians in Secondary and Tertiary Medical Care Levels. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 3756537571.
• Karwowski, W. (2005). Ergonomics and Human Factors: The Pradigms for Science, Engineering, Design, Technology, and Management of Human-Compatible Systems. Ergonomics, 48(5), 436-463.
• Koinis, A., Giannou, V., Drantaki, V., Angelaina, S., Stratou, E., & Saridi, M. (2015). The Impact of Healthcare Workers Job Environment on Their Mental-Emotional Health. Coping Strategies: The Case of A Local General Hospital. Health Psychology Research, 3, 1984.
• Locke, E. A. (1976). Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology: The Nature and cCauses of Job Satisfaction. New York: Wiley, 1297–1349.
• Nantsupawat, A., Kunaviktikul, W., Nantsupawat, R., Wichaikhum, O. A., Thienthong, H., & Poghosyan, L. (2017). Effects of Nurse Work Environment on Job Dissatisfaction, Burnout, Intention to Leave. International Nursing Reviews, 64, 91–8.
• Neto, I. R., Amaral, F.G. (2020). Identification and estimation of physiological workload in nursing: Concepts, methods, and gaps in the literature. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 80:103016.
• O'Reilly, K., McDonnell, J. M., Ibrahim, S., Butler, J. S., Martin-Smith, J. D., O'Sullivan, J. B., & Dolan, R. T. (2024). Biomechanical and ergonomic risks associated with cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction amongst surgeons: A systematic review. The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland, 22(3), 143–149.
• Osibanjo, A. O., Abiodun A. J., Adeniji, A. A. (2014). Impact of Job Environment on Job Satisfaction & Commitment among Nigerian Nurses. IBIMA Publications, 2014.
• Ou, Y. K., Liu, Y., Chang, Y. P., & Lee, B. O. (2021). Relationship between Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work Performance of Nursing Staff: A Comparison of Hospital Nursing Departments. International Journal of Environmental Resources of Public Health, 18, 7085.
• Pan, J., Chiu, C. Y. & Wu, K. S. (2021). Leader-Member Exchange Fosters Nurses’ Job and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Effect of Job Crafting. PLoS ONE, 16, e0250789.
• Pérez-Castejón, M., Suárez-Cortés, M., Jiménez-Ruiz, I., & Jiménez-Barbero, J. A. (2024). Job satisfaction in midwives working in labour ward: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Midwifery, 137, 104112. Advance online publication.
• Piotrkowska, R., Jarzynkowski, P., Książek, J., & Mędrzycka-Dąbrowska, W. (2019). Satisfaction with Life of Oncology Nurses in Poland. International Nursing Review, 00, 1-7.
• Quesada-Puga, C., Izquierdo-Espin, F. J., Membrive-Jiménez, M. J., Aguayo-Estremera, R., Cañadas-De La Fuente, G. A., Romero-Béjar, J. L., & Gómez-Urquiza, J. L. (2024). Job satisfaction and burnout syndrome among intensive-care unit nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive & critical care nursing, 82, 103660.
• Saad, E. S. S., Ebraheem, S.M.A. (2019). Ergonomics as Perceived by Staff Nurses and Its Relation to Their Job Satisfaction. Journal of Separation Science, 1, 3–12.
• Sansó, N., Galiana, L., Oliver, A., Tomás-Salvá, M., & Vidal-Blanco, G. (2020). Predicting Professional Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction in Spanish Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4366.
• Shi, Y., Xue, H., Ma, Y., Wang, L., Gao, T., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Cui, M., Wang, C., Yang, X., Liu, M., Fan, L., & Yan, G. (2020). Prevalence of Occupational Exposure and Its Influence on Job Satisfaction among Chinese Healthcare Workers: A Large-Sample, Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open, 10(4), 1-10.
• Singh, T., Kaur, M., Verma, M., & Kumar, R. (2019). Job Satisfaction among Health Care Providers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Public Health Facilities of Punjab, India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8, 3268-75.
• Soler-Font, M., Ramada, J. M., van Zon, S. K. R., Almansa, J., Bültmann, U., Serra, C., & INTEVAL_Spain research team (2019). Multifaceted intervention for the prevention and management of musculoskeletal pain in nursing staff: Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. PloS one, 14(11), e0225198.
• Suárez, R. N. M., Asenjo, M. B. A. M., Sánchez, M. (2017). Job Satisfaction among Emergency Department Staff. Australasian Emergency Nurses J20, 31–36Tokay Argan, M., Mersin, S. (2020). Life Satisfaction, Life Quality, and Leisure Satisfaction in Health Professionals. Perspective Psychiatric Care, 1–7. Tenaw, Z., Siyoum, M., Tsegaye, B., Werba, T. B., & Bitew, Z. W. (2021). Health Professionals Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Health services research and managerial epidemiology, 8, 23333928211046484.
• Uchmanowicz, I., Manulik, S., Lomper, K., Rozensztrauch, A., Zborowska, A., Kolasińska, J., & Rosińczuk, J. (2019). Life Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, Life Orientation, and Occupational Burnout among Nurses and Midwives in Medical Institutions in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open, 9, e024296. Ülgüdür, C., & Dedeli Caydam, O. (2020). Sağlık Profesyonellerinde Ergonomi ve Kas İskelet Sistemi Sorunlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal, 3(1), 8-37.
• Weiss, D. J., Dawis, R. V., & England, G. W. (1967). Manual for The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Survey, 125.