Çocuk Doğuran ve Doğurmayan Kadınların Beden Yapısındaki Farklılıkların Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı doğum yapmış ve hiç doğum yapmamış kadınlar arasında vücut kompozisyonlarındaki farklılıkları değerlendirmek ve doğum yapmanın vücut yapısı üzerinde bir etkisi olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel ve prospektif olan bu çalışmaya 2006-2016 yılları arasında sağlık kulübüne giden 25-50 yaş aralığındaki 806 kadın dahil edildi. Katılımcıların 375'inin çocuğu varken, 431'inin çocuğu yoktu. Yaş, doğum sayısı, egzersiz ve sağlık geçmişi gibi kişisel bilgiler toplandı. Boy, vücut ağırlığı, deri altı yağ kalınlıkları(biceps, triceps, göğüs, subscapula, suprailiac, abdomen, thigh, and calf) ve çevre ölçümü (bel çevresi, kalça çevresi) dahil tüm antropometrik ölçümler Heat & Carter Antropometrik Referans Kılavuzu'na göre yapıldı. Vücut kompozisyonu (% yağ, yağ ağırlığı, yağsız vücut ağırlığı) Tanita MC-980A marka biyoelektrik empedans cihazı kullanılarak ölçüldü. Beden kütle indeksi(ağırlık/(boy)²), dört bölgeden alınan gövde deri altı yağı kıvrım kalınlıkları toplamları (göğüs(mm), subskapula(mm), suprailiak(mm), abdomen(mm) ve dört bölgeden alınan ekstremite deri altı yağı kıvrım toplamları (biseps(mm), triseps(mm), uyluk(mm), kalf(mm), bel çevresi(cm) ve bel-kalça oranı (bel çevresi /kalça çevresi) hesaplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler IBM SPSS Statistics 24 kullanılarak yapıldı. Doğum yapmış ve hiç doğum yapmamış kadınların vücut kompozisyon bileşenlerini karşılaştırmak için Bağımsız Örneklemler T-testi kullanıldı. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Doğum yapmış ve yapmamış kadınlar arasındaki % yağ, yağ ağırlığı, gövde deri kıvrımı ve ekstremite deri kıvrımı toplamları, beden kütle İndeksi, bel çevresi ve bel-kalça oranı arasındaki farklar temel doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Doğum yapmış ve yapmamış kadınlar arasında yaş, kilo, % yağ, yağ ağırlığı, VKİ, bel çevresi, bel-kalça oranı, gövde deri kıvrımı toplamı ve ekstremite deri kıvrımı toplamı açısından anlamlı farklar bulundu (p<0,05). Regresyon modelinde doğumun % yağ (R²=0,38), yağ ağırlığı (R²=0,31) ve VKİ (R²=0,23) üzerinde zayıf ancak anlamlı pozitif etkisi vardı (p<0,05). Çalışmada, doğum yapan kadınların vücut kompozisyonunun, doğum yapmayan kadınlara göre önemli ölçüde etkilendiği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğum
• vücut kompozisyonu
• vücut kitle indeksi
• bel çevresi
• gövde deri kıvrımı toplamı
• ekstremite deri kıvrımı toplamı.

Evaluation of the Differences in the Body Composition of Childbearing and Non-Childbearing Women

Öz

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in body composition between parous and nulliparous women and to investigate whether giving birth influences body structure. This descriptive cross-sectional and prospective study included 806 women aged 25-50 who attended a health club between 2006 and 2016. While 375 of the participants had children, 431 did not. Personal information such as age, parity, exercise and health history were collected. All anthropometric measurements including height, subcutaneous fat thickness and circumference were performed according to the Heat & Carter Anthropometric Reference Manual. Body composition (% fat, fat weight (kg), lean body weight (kg) was measured using a Tanita MC-980A brand bioelectrical impedance device. Body mass index (weight/(height)²), sum of trunk skinfold thickness taken from four regions (chest (mm), subscapula(mm), suprailiac (mm), abdomen (mm)), sum of extremity skinfold thickness taken from four regions (biceps (mm), triceps (mm), thigh (mm), calf (mm)), waist circumference (cm) and waist-hip ratio (waist circumference / hip circumference) were calculated. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Independent Samples T-test was used to compare body composition components of parous and nulliparous women. Relationships between variables were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. Differences between parous and nulliparous women in terms of % fat, fat weight, total trunk skinfold, total extremity skinfold, BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio were assessed using basic linear regression analysis. Significant differences were found between women who have given birth and those who have not in terms of age, weight, % fat, fat weight, BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, sum of trunk skinfolds, and sum of extremity skinfolds (p<0.05). In the regression model, childbirth had a weak yet significant positive effect on % fat (R²=0.38), fat weight (R²=0.31), and BMI (R²=0.23) (p<0.05). The study concludes that childbirth significantly affects women's body composition compared to women who have not given birth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Childbirth
• body composition
• BMI
• waist circumferences
• sum of trunk skinfolds
• sum of extremity skinfolds.

Kaynakça

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