The Effect of Mobbing Behaviors on the Performance of Amateur Football Players

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 121 - 134, 19.12.2025

Süleyman Murat Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.29228/ERISS.61

Öz

This study aimed to investigate the effects of mobbing behaviors on player performance in amateur football teams. Data were collected from players competing in amateur football leagues in Muğla Province, Turkey. The Negative Acts Questionnaire-Football (NAQ-F), which was previously developed to measure mobbing behaviors specific to football, and the Football Player Performance Scale (FPPS) developed in this study were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics, validity and reliability analyses, correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. The scales demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability levels according to the relevant literature. The results indicated that mobbing behaviors are generally at low levels in amateur football settings; however, an increase in mobbing levels may lead to significant declines in individual player performance. In particular, person-related and work-related mobbing were found to negatively affect individual performance among amateur football players.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mobbing behaviors , amateur , football player , performance

Mobbing Davranışlarının Amatör Futbolcuların Performansları Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı amatör futbol takımlarında mobbing davranışlarının futbolcuların performansına etkisinin incelenmesidir. Veriler, Muğla İlinde bulunan amatör futbol liglerinde mücadele eden futbolculardan elde edildi. Daha önce futbola özgü olarak geliştirilen mobbing davranışlarını ölçen Olumsuz Davranışlar Ölçeği-Futbol (ODÖ-F) ile bu çalışmada geliştirilen Futbolcu Performans Ölçeği (FPÖ) veri toplama aracı olarak kullanıldı. Verilere betimleyici istatistik, geçerlik-güvenirlik analizi, korelasyon ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi uygulandı. Ölçeklerin geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlerinin literatürde kabul edilen sınırlar içinde olduğu tespit edildi. Bulgular, genel olarak amatör futbol ortamında mobbing davranışlarının düşük seviyelerde olduğunu, ancak mobbing düzeyinin artması durumunda futbolcuların bireysel performanslarında anlamlı düşüşlerin yaşanabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle kişiler arası ilişkilerle ilgili ve görevle ilgili mobbing türlerinin, futbolcuların bireysel performansı üzerinde olumsuz etkiler oluşturabileceği de görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mobbing davranışları , Amatör , Futbolcu , Performans

Kaynakça

• Baysal, C., Yıkılmaz, İ., & Sürücü, L. (2024). The intermediate role of revenge intention in the effect of mobbing on employee job performance. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(1), 521–531. https://doi.org/10.20491/ isarder.2024.1808
• Blumberg, M., & Pringle, C. D. (1982). The missing opportunity in organizational research: Some implicational for a theory of work performance. Academy of Managerial Review, 7(4), 560–569. https://doi. org/10.2307/257222
• Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 1, 187– 216. https://doi.org/10.1177/135.910.457000100301
• Carnero, M. A, Martínez, B., & Sanchez‐Mangas, R. (2012). Mobbing and workers’ health: Empirical analysis for Spain. International Journal of Manpower, 33(3), 322–339. https://doi.org/10.1108/014.377.21211234183
• Carson, L. (2001). Gender relations in higher education: exploring lecturers’ perceptions of student evaluations of teaching. Research Papers in Education.16 (4). 337-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/026.715.20152731990
• Coban, Ü. S. (2017). A literature review of mobbing research in different sectors. Is, Güc: Endüstri Iliskileri ve Insan Kaynaklari Dergisi, 19(4), 41–60. https://doi.org/10.4026/isguc.422364
• De Pedro, M. M., Sánchez, M. I. S., Navarro, M. C. S., & Izquierdo, M. G. (2008). Workplace mobbing and effects on workers’ health. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11(1), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S113.874.1600004261
• Drabek, M., & Merecz, D. (2013). Job stress, occupational position and gender as factors differentiating workplace bullying experience. Medycyna pracy, 64(3), 283–296. https://doi.org/10.13075/mp.5893/2013/0024
• Duyan, M., & Yildiz, S.M. (2019). The effect of mobbing behavior on athlete burnout: A study on university students participating the Universities Futsal League. European Journal of Education Studies, 5(10), 117– 185. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2544689
• Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., & Notelaers, G. (2009). Measuring exposure to bullying and harassment at work: Validity, factor structure and psychometric properties of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised. Work & Stress, 23(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/026.783.70902815673
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference (10th ed.). Pearson.
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
• Iyem, C. (2007). Futbolda mobbing: Sakaryaspor A.Ş. örneği. XV. Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı, Sakarya, 919–938.
• Karik, T., & Yildiz, S. M. (2015). The effect of mobbing behaviors on burnout of women’s basketball players. International Journal of Human Sciences, 12(2), 430–442. https://doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3349
• Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press. Leymann, H. (1996). The content and development of mobbing at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/135.943.29608414853
• Leymann, H., & Gustafsson, A. (1996). Mobbing at work and the development of post-traumatic stress disorders. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(2), 251–275. https://doi. org/10.1080/135.943.29608414858
• Ronha, L., & Rodrigues, R. I. (2025). Relationship between mobbing and organizational performance: Workplace well-being and individual performance as serial mediation mechanisms. Merits, 5(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/merits5010006
• Schermerhorn, J.R., Osborn, R.N., Uhl-Bien, M., & Hunt, J.G. (2012). Organizational behavior, Twelfth Edition, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
• Tuncel, S. D., & Göce, A. T. (2007). Mobbing in Soccer. International Journal of Physical Education, 44(4), 153– 158.
• Vveinhardt, J., & Sroka, W. (2020). Mobbing and corporate social responsibility: Does the status of the organisation guarantee employee wellbeing and intentions to stay in the job? Oeconomia Copernicana, 11(4), 743–778. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2020.030
• Yavuzaslan, M., & Yildiz, S. M. (2022). The effect of mobbing behaviors on handball players’ organizational commitment in Turkish Men’s Handball Super League. Journal of Sport Sciences Researches, 7(2), 389- 399. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1172699
• Yildiz, S. M. (2015). The relationship between bullying and burnout: An empirical investigation of Turkish professional football players. Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 5(1), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBM-09-2012-0034
• Yıldız, B. S., Kepoğlu, A., & Yıldız, S. M. (2018). Mobbing davranışlarının amatör futbolcuların tükenmişliğine etkisi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.33459/ cbubesbd.379498
• Yildiz, S. M. (2018). An empirical analysis of the leader-member exchange and employee turnover intentions mediated by mobbing: Evidence from sport organizations. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 31(1), 480–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.143.2374