The Effects of Upper or Lower Limb Amputee Simulation on Front Crawl Swimming Performance: Preliminary Study

Öz

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lower and upper limb restriction on the magnitude of the propulsive force in simulated amputee front crawl swimmers. Eleven healthy male swimmers ages 15-25years with simulated arm or leg amputation were participated in the study. Swimmers have been simulated amputees by restraining their single arms or legs. The swimmers were asked to swim at maximum speed for 10 seconds in three different conditions: normal front crawl swimming (N-FCS), arm amputee simulated front crawl swimming (ASA-FCS), leg amputee simulated front crawl swimming (LSA-FCS). Peak force, average peak force and average impulse values were examined using tethered swimming system. There were statistically significant differences in peak force, average peak force and average impulse values between N-FCS, arm amputee simulated FCS and leg amputee simulated FCS (p<0,05). When the arm amputee simulated FCS and leg amputee simulated FCS conditions were compared, statistically significant difference was found only in average impulse values (p<0,05). The negative effect of the arm or leg amputee simulation on propulsive force shows the disadvantage of amputee swimmers compared to their healthy peers in front crawl swimming. Arm amputee simulation decreased the average impulse more than leg amputee simulation. These results may support the decision of the International Paralympic Committee that single above elbow amputees and single thru knee amputees should compete in different swimming classes. Measuring swimming propulsive forces can be used as an objective method for classifying disabled athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ampute
• disabled athlete
• Paralympics
• swimming

Alt veya Üst Ekstremite Ampute Simulasyonunun Serbest Yüzme Performansı Üzerine Etkisi: Ön Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, alt veya üst ekstremite ampute simulasyonunun serbest yüzme sırasında üretilen ilerletici kuvvete etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 15-25 yaş aralığında 11 sağlıklı yüzücü dahil edilmiştir. Yüzücülerin tek kolları veya tek bacakları bağlanarak ampute simulasyonu oluşturulmuştur. Yüzücülerden üç farklı yüzme koşulunda (normal serbest yüzme, kol ampute simulasyonuyla ve bacak ampute simulasyonuyla serbest yüzme) 10 saniye boyunca maksimum hızda yüzmeleri istenmiştir. İpe bağlı yüzme sistemiyle elde edilen zirve kuvvet, ortalama zirve kuvvet ve impuls değerleri incelenmiştir. Normal, kol amputasyonunun simule edildiği ve bacak amputasyonunun simule edildiği serbest yüzme sırasında oluşturulan zirve kuvvet, ortalama zirve kuvvet ve impuls değerleri karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kol ve bacak amputasyonun simule edildiği koşullar karşılaştırıldığında ise, sadece impuls değerlerinde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Kol veya bacak ampute simulasyonunun yüzme sırasında oluşturulan ilerletici kuvvet üzerinde negative etkisinin olması, ampute yüzücülerin sağlıklı akranlarına göre serbest yüzme sırasında dezavantajlı olduklarını göstermektedir. Kol ampute simulasyonuyla yüzme sırasında oluşturulan impuls bacak ampute simulasyonuyla oluşturulana göre daha fazla azaltmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, Uluslararası Paralimpik Komitenin tek dirsek üstü ampute ve tek diz seviyesi ampute olan yüzücülerin farklı yüzme sınıflarında yarışması gerektiği kararını desteklemektedir. Yüzme sırasında oluşturulan ilerletici kuvvetlerin ölçülmesi, engelli yüzücülerin yarışma sınıflamasının objektif olarak yapılabileceği bir yöntem olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ampute
• engelli sporcu
• Paralimpik Oyunlar
• yüzme
• sınıflama

Kaynakça

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