How Do Different Types of Physical Activity Affect Cardiac Functions in Children?

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, okul çağı çocuklarında farklı türdeki düzenli fiziksel aktivitelerin kardiyak fonksiyonları nasıl etkilediğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Çalışmada, düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayan (n = 15), yüzme (n = 15), basketbol (n = 15), voleybol (n = 15) ve tenis (n = 15) spor dallarında toplam 60 sporcu kesitsel olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, boy, kilo ve vücut kitle indeksi açısından istatistiksel olarak bir anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayanlar ile yüzme grubu karşılaştırıldığında sol ventrikül diyastolik kitlesi, sol ventrikül arka duvar sistolik kalınlığı, mitral anüler düzlem sistolik ekskürsiyonu ve mitral E / A oranının arttığı, mitral A dalgasının ise azaldığı saptanmıştır. Yüzme grubunda interventriküler septum E ve A dalgaları, diğer gruplara göre anlamlı derecede daha düşük; sol ventrikül IVRT oranları daha uzun bulunmuştur. Düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayanlar ile diğer gruplar karşılaştırıldığında, yüzme grubunun p-dalga dispersiyonu ve QT dispersiyon değerleri anlamlı olarak daha düşük olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yüzme grubunda toplam güç ve SDNN değerlerinin diğer gruplara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Yüzme sporunun çocuklarda kalp kaslarının büyümesine katkıda bulunduğu, kalp iletim sistemini potansiyelize ettiği ve kalbin parasempatik innervasyonunu artırdığı görülmüştür

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuk
• Ekokardiyografi
• Elektrokardiyografi
• Kalp atış hızı değişkenliği
• Spor

How Do Different Types of Physical Activity Affect Cardiac Functions in Children?

Öz

Background: This study aims to investigate how different types of regular physical activity affect cardiac functions in school children. Methods: This is a cross-sectional review of 15 children who are not engaged with any regular physical activity (controls) and 60 athletes who swim (n=15), play basketball (n=15), volleyball (n=15), and tennis (n=15) regularly. Results: The children who are not engaged with any sports, the children who swim, and the children who play basketball, volleyball and tennis are statistically similar with respect to age, sex, height, weight and body mass index (p>0.05 for all). When compared to the controls and other athletes, the children who swim have significantly higher left ventricle diastolic mass, higher left ventricle posterior wall systolic thickness, lower mitral A wave, higher mitral annular plane systolic excursion and higher mitral E/A ratio (p=0.006, p=0.035, p=0.030, p=0.025 and p=0.043 respectively). The children who swim have significantly lower interventricular septum E and A waves and significantly longer left ventricle IVRT than the controls and other athletes (p=0.001, p=0.040 and p=0.004 respectively). When compared with the controls and other athletes, the children who swim have significantly lower p-wave dispersion and QT dispersion values (p=0.038 and p=0.035 respectively). The children who swim have significantly higher total power and SDNN values than the controls and other athletes (p=0.046 and p=0.026 respectively). Conclusion: Swimming contributes to the growth of cardiac muscles, help improvimg the cardiac conduction system and enhance parasympathetic innervation of the heart in children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Child
• Echocardiography
• Electrocardiography
• Heart rate variability
• Sports

Kaynakça

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