Şemsiye Klozların Yatırım Tahkim Mahkemeleri Tarafından Uygulanabilirliği

Öz

Son birkaç on yılda, uluslararası yatırım hukukunun en tartışmalı konularından biri, 'şemsiye klozların' yorumlanması olmuştur. Ulusla-rarası yatırım anlaşmalarında şemsiye klozlar genellikle muğlak, kısa ve gizli olduğundan, klozun yorumlanması tartışmalıdır ve bu nedenle akademik ilgiye konu olmuştur. Uluslararası yatırım anlaşmalarındaki şemsiye klozlar, tahkim mahkemeleri tarafından uygulanabilir olmalı mıdır? Ya da, yatırımcının sözleşme ihlalinden kaynaklanan iddiaları, tahkim mahkemeleri tarafından ne ölçüde uygulanabilir? SGS v Pakistan ve SGS v Philippines davaları bu soruları ele almışlar ve karşıt kararlara varmışlardır. Bu makale, çelişkili tahkim kararlarını incelemeyi ve ge-niş ve sınırlayıcı yaklaşımları tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makale, şem-siye klozların kısa bir incelemesi ile başlamaktadır. Ardından, konunun kritik yönlerine ışık tutmak için önde gelen tahkim davalarını akade-mik görüşler yardımıyla analiz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Şemsiye klozlar
• yabancı yatırım
• yabancı yatırımcı
• yatırım tahkimi
• uluslararası yatırım anlaşması

ENFORCEABILITY OF UMBRELLA CLAUSES BY INVESTMENT ARBITRATION TRIBUNALS

Öz

Over the last few decades, one of the most contentious issues of the international investment law has been the interpretation of the ‘umbrella clauses’. Since the umbrella clauses are generally vague, short and hidden in international investment agreements, the interpretation of the clause is in a controversial position and thereby having been subject to the scholarly interest. Should umbrella clauses in international investment agreements be enforceable by arbitration tribunals? Or to what extent investor’s claims stemming from a contractual bre-ach could be enforceable by arbitration tribunals? SGS v Pakistan and SGS v Philippines have addressed these questions and reached opposite decisions. This article aims to examine the contradictory arbitral deci-sions and to discuss broad and restrictive approaches. The article begins with a brief review of umbrella clauses. Then, it analyses leading arbitral cases with the help of scholar views in order to shed the light on critical aspects of the issue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Umbrella clauses
• foreign investment
• foreign investor
• investment arbitration
• international investment agreement

Kaynakça

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