THE ORIGINS OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY: FROM NUREMBERG TO ROME

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 149 - 171, 31.12.2015

Sümeyra Tekin

Öz

İnsanlığa karşı suçların işlenmesi neredeyse insanlık tarihi kadar eskiye dayansa
da, bu kategoriye giren eylemlerin uluslararası suçlar arasına dahil edilmesi Nürnberg
Statüsü’ne kadar mümkün olmamıştır. İnsanlık, bilhassa Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşları boyunca kan donduran vahşetlere, insan hakları ve insancıl hukuk ihlallerine şahitlik
etmiştir. “Bütün savaşları bitirecek olan savaş” olarak görülen Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan
kısa bir süre sonra daha büyük ölçekli bir savaşın meydana gelmesi bu iyimser
kanının gerçeklikle bağdaşır bir yanının olmadığının en göze çarpan göstergelerinden
biri olarak karşımızda dursa da, uluslararası toplum “Bir Daha Asla” sloganıyla, suç
işleyenlerin yargılanması amacıyla harekete geçmiştir.

Bu çalışmada, insanlığa karşı suçların tanımlandığı ilk uluslararası metinler, bu
suç kategorisine giren eylemleri gerçekleştirenlerin yargılanması maksadıyla mahkemeler
kurulmasına zemin hazırlayan Nürnberg, Tokyo, Eski Yugoslavya, Ruanda
ve Roma Statüleri ile Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonu’nun çalışmaları incelenerek
insanlığa karşı suçların uluslararası hukuktaki gelişim serüveni ortaya konulmaya
çalışılacaktır. 

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsanlığa Karşı Suçlar, Uluslararası Suçlar, Roma Statüsü, Uluslararası Hukuk Komisyonu

Kaynakça

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