Yasadışı Maddelerin Tespı̇tı̇ içı̇n Aptamer Tabanlı Elektrokı̇myasal Sensörler: Son On Yılın Adlı̇ Uygulamaları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 505 - 520, 31.08.2025

Ezgi Emen , Fatma Nil Ersoy Ertaş , Pınar Kara Kadayıfçılar , Serap Akgur

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1616754

Öz

Bu kısma makalenizin Türkçe özetini yerleştirmeniz gerekmektedir. Öz, 10 punto büyüklüğünde, iki yana yaslı ve 250 sözcüğü geçmeyecek (500-1000 karakter) şekilde yazılmalıdır.
Dünyada yasadışı maddelerin kullanımı toplumların güvenliğini tehdit eden küresel bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Yasadışı maddelerin ve biyolojik materyallerdeki ilgili metabolitlerini hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde taramak için çeşitli seçici tekniklere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Biyosensörler, biyolojik tanıma unsurlarını dönüştürücülerle birleştiren entegre cihazlardır. Aptasensörler, hedef moleküllere olağanüstü özgüllükleri ve yüksek bağlanma afiniteleri ile bilinen aptamer tabanlı afinite biyosensörleridir ve sağlık, gıda, çevre ve adli uygulamalar alanında önemli ilerlemeler sağlamaktadır. Birçok aptasensör geleneksel immünokimyasal aptamer ile neredeyse aynıdır ve aptamerler antikorlara benzerler. Elektrokimyasal aptasensörler, elektrokimyasal transdüksiyon ile entegre edilmiş biyolojik tanıma için aptamerlerdir.
Son on yılda esrar, opioidler ve amfetamin türevleri de dahil olmak üzere yasadışı maddelerin tespiti için elektrokimyasal aptamerlerin kullanımı üzerine yapılan son gelişmeler bu çalışmada tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, mevcut teknolojileri ve zorlukları sunmayı ve literatürde ele alınabilecek boşlukları vurgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu derleme, POC (Point of Care) uygulamaları için aptasensörlerin hassasiyetini, seçiciliğini ve uygulanabilirliğini artırmak için daha fazla araştırma ve geliştirme ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yasadışı maddelerin analizi , Aptamer , Elektrokimyasal aptasensörler , biyolojik matris , kokain

APTAMER-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR ILLICIT DRUG DETECTION: FORENSIC APPLICATIONS IN THE LAST DECADE YEARS

Öz

Illicit drugs are a global problem, and a variety of selective techniques are urgently needed to detect drugs of interest. Biosensors are integrated devices that combine biological recognition elements with transducers. Aptasensors are aptamer-based affinity biosensors, which are known for their exceptional specificity and high binding affinity to target molecules, and are providing significant advancements in the field of health, food, environmental, and forensic applications. Many aptasensors are nearly identical to conventional immunochemical aptamer, and aptamers are analogous to antibodies. Electrochemical aptasensors are aptamer for biological recognition integrated with electrochemical transduction.
Recent studies on the use of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of illicit drugs, including cannabis, opioids and amphetamine derivatives, in the last decade are discussed in this section. This section aims to present current technologies and challenges, and highlights gaps in the literature that can be addressed. This review emphasises the need for further research and development to improve the sensitivity, selectivity and applicability of aptasensors for point-of-care applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Illicit drug analysis , Aptamer , Electrochemical aptasensors , biological matrices , cocaine

Kaynakça

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