Determination of Phenological, Pomological and Biochemical Characteristics of Some Walnut (Junglas Regia L.) Genotypes Growing in Demirci (Manisa) District

Öz

Anatolia has long traditional walnut cultivation and rich for seed propagated walnut genetic variation. Selection studies on these rich variable walnut genetic resources are important in terms of determining and preserving genotypes with desired fruit and tree characteristics. This study carried out on seed propagated walnut genotypes in Demirci District of Manisa Province between 2018 and 2019 to determine superior walnut genotypes from natural seed propagated walnut populations. In field study a total 130 walnut genotypes were selected first year and after reevaluation in second year 20 promising walnut genotypes were selected among them as cultivar candidate and their phenological, pomological and biochemical characteristics were determined. The kernel weight, nut weight and kernel ratio of 20 promising genotypes were in the range of 5.03-9.27 g, 11.27-24.00 g, and 26.54-61.18%, respectively indicating great variability among genotypes. Nut length, width and shell thickness were between 31.8-44.9 mm, 30.0-35.8 mm, 1.3-2.4 mm, respectively. Average protein, oil, and ash ratio in fruits of 20 genotypes was determined as 24.48%, 65.08% and 1.90%. Considering all parameters Dem.45.karY, Dem.45.KoAlt, Dem.45.Koüst and Dem.45.Mah genotypes are found to be the most promising to register them as cultivar candidate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• genetic resources
• Walnut
• selection
• pomology

Demirci (Manisa) İlçesinde Yetişen Bazı Ceviz (Junglas Regia L.) Genotiplerinin Fenolojik, Pomolojik ve Biyokimyasal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Anadolu, uzun yıllardır geleneksel ceviz yetiştiriciliğine sahip olup, tohumdan üretilen ceviz genetik çeşitliliği açısından zengindir. Bu zengin ve değişken ceviz genetik kaynaklarında yapılacak seleksiyon çalışmaları, istenilen meyve ve ağaç özelliklerine sahip genotiplerin belirlenmesi ve korunması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışma, 2018-2019 yılları arasında Manisa Demirci ilçesinde tohumdan üretilen ceviz genotipleri üzerinde yürütülmüş olup, doğal olarak tohumdan üretilen ceviz popülasyonlarından üstün ceviz genotiplerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Arazi çalışmasında ilk yıl toplam 130 ceviz genotipi seçilmiş olup, ikinci yıl yapılan yeniden değerlendirme sonrasında bunlar arasından 20 ümitvar ceviz genotipi çeşit adayı olarak seçilmiş ve fenolojik, pomolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. 20 ümitvar genotipin iç meyve ağırlığı, kabuklu meyve ağırlığı ve iç oranı sırasıyla 5,03-9,27 g, 11,27-24,00 g ve %26,54-61,18 aralığında bulunmuş olup, genotipler arasında büyük değişkenlik göstermektedir. Meyve uzunluğu, meyve genişliği ve meyve kabuk kalınlığı sırasıyla 31.8-44.9 mm, 30.0-35.8 mm, 1.3-2.4 mm arasında bulunmuştur. 20 genotipin meyvelerindeki ortalama protein, yağ ve kül oranı %24.48, %65.08 ve %1.90 olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm parametreler göz önüne alındığında Dem.45.karY, Dem.45.KoAlt, Dem.45.Koüst ve Dem.45.Mah genotiplerinin çeşit adayı olarak tescil edilmek için en umut verici olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ceviz
• seleksiyon
• genetik kaynak
• pomoloji

Kaynakça

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