Bir Çalışma Ortamında Bulunan Trafo Etrafındaki Oldukça Düşük Frekanslı Manyetik Alanların Ölçümü ve Risk Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Transformatörler, aşırı düşük frekanslı (ELF) manyetik alanlara (MF'ler) maruz kalınan en yaygın kaynak türü olarak karşılaşılmaktadır. Transformatör, elektromanyetik indüksiyon yoluyla iki veya daha fazla devre arasında elektrik enerjisini aktaran elektrikli bir cihazdır. Günümüzde oldukça düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik (EM) alanların sağlık üzerindeki etkileri sıkça tartışılmıştır, ancak işçiler / çalışanlar için çeşitli transformatörler etrafında yapılan birkaç ölçüm çalışması vardır. Bu çalışmada, Ankara'da bulunan bir işyerinde trafo ve pano sahası etrafındaki EM alanları ölçülmüş ve standartlar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. İnsanların Uluslararası Kanser Araştırmaları Ajansı (IARC) kanser limitleri üzerindeki ELF-MF'lere maruz kaldığı görülmüştür. Birçok insan çalışma saatleri içinde yorulma, immünolojik şikâyetler, baş dönmesi, bazı kanser vakaları gibi sağlık şikâyetleri olduğunu da bildirmiştir. Bu şekilde sistemlerin bulunduğu alanlarda insanlar için güvenli mesafeler veya alanlar oluşturulmalı, maruz kalınan alanları en aza indirmek için önlemler alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Transformatör
• oldukça düşük frekans
• manyetik alan
• halk sağlığı
• çalışanlar
• maruziyet limitleri

Measurement and Risk Assessment of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields around Transformers in a Working Place

Öz

Transformers present the most common source of exposure to excessive extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MFs). A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Nowadays the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic (EM) fields on health have been discussed frequently but there is few measurement studies performed around various transformers for workers. In this study, the leakage fields around transformers and enclosures site were measured in Ankara and evaluated in terms of standards. It has been observed that people were exposed to ELF-MFs above International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) cancer limits. Many people reported health complaints such as being tired in most working hours, immunological complaints, dizziness, some cancer cases are also observed there. In these systems areas safe distances or areas for people should be realized and precautions should therefore be taken to minimize the fields exposed

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Transformers
• Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields
• General Public
• Workers
• Exposure Limits

Kaynakça

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