Yüksek Katlı Betonarme Binaların Türkiye Deprem Yönetmeliğine Göre Tasarımı

Öz

Yeni Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği (TBDY 19) Performansa Dayalı Tasarım ilkelerine uygun olup aynı zamanda ABD’deki the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center tarafından yayınlanan “Guidelines for Performance-Based Seismic Design of Tall Buildings,” adlı tavsiye niteliği taşıyan yönetmelikten de bazı kısımlar içermektedir. Bu makalede yeni deprem yönetmeliğinin bir önceki yönetmeliğe (DBYBHY 07) göre avantaj ve dezavantajları incelenecek, özellikle yüksek bina tasarımı üzerindeki etkileri araştırılacaktır. Bu kapsamda biri tünel kalıp inşaatına uygun diğeri ise moment aktaran süneklik düzeyi yüksek çerçeveli sistemden oluşan, toplamda 2 adet 30 katlı konut binası hem yeni hem de bir önceki deprem yönetmeliklerine uygun olarak tasarlanacak ve analizleri yapılacaktır. Deprem analizi ve tasarım sonuçları kullanılarak TBDY 19’un günümüzde pek çok büyük şehirde inşa edilen özellikle yüksek binalar üzerindeki etkisi incelenecektir. Analiz sonuçları sırası ile seçili olan yapısal elemanlardaki taban kesme kuvveti, eksenel yük, kesme kuvveti ve eğilme momenti değerlerini içerecektir. Analiz ve tasarım sonuçlarına göre ortaya çıkan sonuçlar incelendiğinde ise yeni deprem yönetmeliğinin bir önceki yönetmeliğe göre her iki bina türü için de daha fazla deprem yükleri ürettiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bina tasarımı
• Deprem analizi
• Türkiye deprem yönetmelikleri
• Yüksek binalar

Reinforced Concrete Design of Tall Buildings According to the Turkish Earthquake Code

Öz

The new Turkish earthquake code (TEC 19) is primarily based on Performance Based Seismic Design, and includes elements from the “Guidelines for Performance-Based Seismic Design of Tall Buildings,” a code published by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center in the United States. This article studies the advantages and disadvantages of TEC 19 with respect to the preexisting code (TEC 07), and the impact of the new code on the design of high rise buildings. In order to understand the effects of the new code, two 30 story residential buildings—one constructed using tunnel formwork, and the other with special moment resisting frames—were designed according to TEC 19 and TEC 07. The design results of the earthquake analyses were used to understand the impact of TEC 19 on high rise buildings, since these buildings with similar framing systems are now commonly being built in most of the major cities of Turkey. The analyses also included the total base shear, axial forces, shear forces, and bending moments of some structural members. Based on the design results, it was observed that the new code generally generated higher earthquake forces on both buildings with tunnel formwork and special moment framing system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Building design
• Earthquake analysis
• Turkish earthquake codes
• High rise buildings

Kaynakça

1. Referans1 AFAD, The Disaster and Emergency Management Authority of Turkey, (2019). “Turkish Building Earthquake Code, TEC 19”.
2. Referans2 Computers and Structures, (2016). “ETABS 2016, Version 16.2.1”.
3. Referans3 Elci, H., Goker, K. A. 2018. “Comparison of Earthquake Codes (TEC 2007 and TBEC 2018) in Terms of Seismic Performance of RC Columns,” International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, Vol. 4, No.6.
4. Referans4 MCEER, Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, (2019), http://mceer.buffalo.edu/infoservice/Reference_Services/turkey-major-earthquakes-table.pdf Last accessed: 15.11.2019
5. Referans5 Nemutlu O. F., Sarı, A. 2018. “Comparison of Turkish Earthquake Code in 2007 with Turkish Earthquake Code in 2018,” International Engineering and Natural Sciences Conference (IENSC), Diyarbakır, Turkey.
6. Referans6 Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center, (2017). “Tall Buildings Initiative, Guideline for Performance-Based Seismic Design of Tall Buildings, Version 2.03”.
7. Referans7 Sezen, H., Elwood, K. J., Whittaker, A. S., Mosalam, K. M., Wallace J. W., Stanton, J. F. (2000). “Structural Engineering Reconnaissance of the August 17, 1999, Kocaeli (İzmit) Turkey Earthquake,” Pacific Engineering Research Center 2000/09 Technical Report, The University of California, USA, 7-26.
8. Referans8 Sucuoglu, H. 2019. “New Improvements in the 2019 Building Earthquake Code of Turkey”, Turkish Journal of Earthquake Research 1 (1), 63-75.

9. Referans9 Tunc, G., Tanfener, T. 2016. “The Comparisons of 2007 and 2016 Turkish Earthquake Codes with Examples,” The Third National Structures Conference, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 153-166.
10. Referans10 Tunc, G., Tanfener, T. 2018. “High Rise Building Design According to the New Proposed Earthquake Code in Turkey,” 13th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
11. Referans11 Turkish Ministry of Public Works and Housing, (2007). “Turkish Earthquake Code, TEC 07”.