Adsorption Behavior of Methylene Blue Dye Using Carob Powder as Eco-Friendly New Adsorbent For Cleaning Wastewater: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 306 - 320, 31.08.2018

Bahdişen Gezer Yusuf Ersoy

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.410969

Cited By: 3

Öz

The use of cheap, efficient and environmentally
friendly adsorbents has served as an alternative source of carob in order to
remove dye-stuffs from waste water. This study has researched the potential use
of carob powder as alternative adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue from
wastewater. Experiment parameters pH, ultrasonic frequency, particle size,
contact time, temperature and initial concentration of dissolved methylene blue
(MB) dye were investigated. Thereafter, Box-Behnken design experiment was
applied the adsorption experiments. The equilibrium time was 267.63min for
methelene blue dye. The results showed that physisorption seemed to play a
major role in the adsorption process. 
The adsorption process of methylene blue on carob powder was found to
rate of adsorption decreases with increasing temperature and the process
exothermic. Regression analysis results demonstrated that is good for the
experimental data to the non-linear model with correlation coefficients of (R²)
value of 0.8899 and 0.9830. The maximum adsorption value was determined as
256,4355 mg/g. This result appears to be important when compared with other
studies reported in the literature. According to the results of the study was
observed carob bean can be used as an alternative adsorbent. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adsorption, Box-Behnken Design, Carob powder, Methylene Blue, Ultrasound –Assisted

Atık Suyunun Temizlenmesi İçin Çevre Dostu Yeni Adsorbent Olarak KeçiboynuzuTozunun Kullanılarak Metilen Mavi Boyasının Adsorpsiyon Davranışı: Tepki Yüzey Metodolojisiyle Optimizasyon

Öz

Ucuz, verimli ve çevre dostu
adsorbanların kullanımı, atık sudan boya maddelerini çıkarmak için alternatif
bir keçiboynuzu kaynağı olarak hizmet etmiştir. Bu çalışma, atık sudan metilen
mavisi çıkarılması için alternatif bir adsorban olarak keçiboynuzu tozunun
potansiyel kullanımını araştırmıştır. Deney parametreleri pH, ultrasonik
frekans, partikül boyutu, temas süresi, sıcaklık ve çözünmüş metilen mavisi
(MB) boyasının başlangıç konsantrasyonu incelenmiştir. Daha sonra, Box-Behnken
tasarım deneyi adsorpsiyon deneylerine uygulandı. Denge zamanı, metali mavi
boya için 267.63 dk. Sonuçlar, fiziksel adsorpsiyon sürecinde önemli bir rol
oynadığını gösterdi. Metilen mavisinin keçiboynuzu tozu üzerindeki adsorpsiyon
sürecinin, artan sıcaklık ve ekzotermik proses ile adsorpsiyon oranlarında
azalma olduğu bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonuçları, deneysel veriler için
doğrusal olmayan modele (R2) 0.8899 ve 0.9830 arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları
için iyi olduğunu göstermiştir. Maksimum adsorpsiyon değeri 256.4355 mg/g
olarak belirlendi. Bu sonuç literatürde bildirilen diğer çalışmalarla
karşılaştırıldığında önemli olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre,
keçiboynuzu tozunun alternatif bir adsorban olarak kullanılabileceği
gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adsorbsiyon, Box-Behnken tasarım, Keçiboynuzu tozu, Metilen mavisi, Ultrases banyo

Kaynakça

• Aksu, Z., Tezer, S. 2001. Equilibrium and kinetic modelling of biosorption of remazol black B by Rhizopus arrhizus in a batch system: effect of temperature. Process Biochemistry, 36, 431–439.
• Annadurai, G., Juang, R.S., Lee, D.J. 2002. Use of cellulose-based wastes for adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 92, 263-274.
• Annadurai, G., Juang, R.S., Yen, P.S., Lee, D.J. 2003. Use of thermally treated waste bio- logical sludge as dye absorbent. Advancesin Environmental Research, 7, 739–744.
• Avallone, R., Cosenza, F., Farina, F., Baraldi, C., Baraldi, M. 2002. Extraction and purification from Ceratonia siliqua of compounds acting on central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors. Fitoterapia, 73, 390–396.
• Basibuyuk, M., Forster, C.F. 2003. An examination of the adsorption characteristics of a basic dye (Maxilon Red BL-N) on to live activated sludge system. Process Biochemistry, 38, 1311–1316.
• Battle, I., Tous, J. 1997. Carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua L., Promoting the Conservation and Use of Underutilized and Neglected Crops Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. Gatersleben/ Rome, Italy. 17- 78.
• Benyounis, K.Y., Olabi, A.G., Hashmi, M.S. J.J. 2005. Effect of laser-welding parameters on the heat input and weld-bead profile. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 164-16, 978-985.
• Bhattacharyya, K.G., Sarma, A. 2003. Adsorption characteristics of the dye, Brilliant green, on Neem leaf powder. Dyes Pigments, 57, 211–222.
• Bhattacharyya, K.G., Sharma, A. 2005. Kinetics and thermodynamics of methylene blue adsorption on Neem leaf powder. Dyes and Pigments, 65, 51-59.
• Bulut, Y., Aydın, H. 2006. A kinetics and thermodynamics study of methylene blue adsorption on wheat shells. Desalination, 194, 259-267.
• Chiou, M.S., Li, H.Y. 2003. Adsorption behaviour of reactive dye in aqueous solution on chemical cross-linked chitosan beads. Chemosphere, 50, 1095–1105.
• Chiou, M.S., Ho, P.Y., Li, H.Y. 2004. Adsorption of anionic dyes in acid solutions using chemically cross linked chitosan beads. Dyes and Pigments, 60, 69-84.
• Crini, G. 2006. Non-conventional low-cost adsorbenrs fot dye removal: A review. Bioresource Technology, 97, 1061-1085.
• Dogan, M., Alkan, M., Turkyılmaz, A., Ozdemir, Y. 2004. Kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption onto perlite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 109, 141-148.
• Doğan, M., Özdemir, Y., Alkan, M. 2007. Adsorption kinetics and mechanism of cationic methyl violet and methylene blue dyes onto sepiolite. Dyes and Pigments, 75, 701-713.
• Doğan,M., Alkan, M., Demirbas, Ö., Ozdemir, Y., Ozmetin, C. 2006. Adsorption kinetics of maxilon blue GRL onto sepiolite from aqueous solutions. Journal of Chemistry Engneering, 124, 89–101.
• El-Geundi, M.S. 1991. Colour removal from textile effluents by adsorption techniques. Water Research, 25, 271–273. El-Nabarwy, T.H., Khedr, S.A. 2000. Removal of pollutants from water using untreated and treated sawdust and water hyacinth. Adsorption Science Technology, 18, 385–398. Evans, M. 2003. Optimization of Manufacturing Processes: A Response Surface Approach, Carlton house Terrace London.
• Ferrero, F. 2007. Dye removal by low cost adsorbents: Hazelnut shells incomparison with woods a dust. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142, 144-152.
• Gleisy, L., Matta, I., Dornelas, B., Lambrecht, R., Antonio da Silva, E. 2008. Dynamic isotherm of dye in activated carbon. Materials Research, 11, 15-90.
• Guo, J., Lua, A.C. 2000. Preparation of activated carbons from oil-palm-stone chars by microwave induced carbon dioxide activation. Carbon, 38, 1985–93.
• Gupta, V.K., Mohan, D., Sharma, S., Sharma, M. 2000. Removal of basic dye (Rhodamine B and Methylene blue) from aqueous solutions using bagasse fly ash. Seperation Science Technology, 35, 2097–2113.
• Gupta, V.K., Suhas, A.I., Saini, V.K. 2014. Removal of rhodamine B, fast green, and methylene blue from wastewater using red mud an aluminum industry waste. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 43, 1740-1747.
• Gücek, A., Sener, S., Bilgen, S., Mazmanci M.A. 2005. Adsorption and kinetic studies of cationic and anionic dyes on pyrophyllite from aqueous solutions, Journal Colloid Interface Science, 286, 53-60.
• Ho, Y.S., Ng, J.C.Y., McKay, G. 2000. Kinetics of pollutant sorption by biosorbents: review. Separation and Purification Methods, 29, 189-232.
• Ho, Y.S., Chiang, T.H., . Hsueh, Y.M. 2005. Removal of basic dye from aqueous solutions using tree fern as a biosorbent. Process Biochemistry, 40, 119–124.
• Hoseinzadeh Hesas, R., Wan Daud, W.M.A., Sahu J.N., Arami-Niya A. 2013. The effects of a microwave heating method on the production of activated carbon from agricultural waste: A review. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 100, 1–11.
• Huiping, L., Guoqun, Z., Shanting, N., Yiguo, L. 2007. Technologic parameter optimization of gas quenching process usingresponse surface method Computational Material Science, 38, 561-570.
• Kannan, N., Sundaram, M.M. 2001. Kinetic and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption on various carbon-a comparative study. Dyes Pigments, 51, 25-40.
• Kim, H.M., Kim, J.G., Cho, J.D., Hong, J.W. 2003.Optimization and characterization of UV-curable adhesives for optical communications by response surface methodology. Polymer Testing, 22, 899–906.
• Kumar, K.V., Ramamurthi, V., Sivanesan, S. 2005. Modeling the mechanism involved during the sorption of methylene blue onto fly ash. Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 284, 14-21.
• Langergren, S., Svenska, B.K. 1898. Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloester stoffe, Veternskapsakad Handlingar, 24(4), 1–39
• Lawson, J. 2010. Design and Analysis of Experiments with SAS, Texts in Statistical Science Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, Fla, USA.
• Liu, Q.S., Zheng, T., Li, N., Wang, P., Abulikemu, G. 2010. Modification of bamboo-based activated carbon using microwave radiation and its effects on the adsorption of methylene blue. Applied Surface Science, 265, 3309–3315.
• Lorenc-Grabowska, E., Gryglewicz, G. 2007. Adsorption characteristics of Congo Red on coal-based mesoporous activated carbon Dyes Pigments, 74, 34–40.
• Makris, D.P., Kefalas, P. 2004. Carob Pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) as a source of polyphenolic antioxidants. Food Technology Biotechnology, 42, 105–108.
• Mall, I.D., Agarwal, N.K., Srivastava, V.C. 2007. Adsorptive removal of Auramine-O: kinetic and equilibrium study. Journal of Hazard Materials, 143- 386-395.
• Malik, P.K., Saha, S.K. 2003. Oxidation of direct dyes with hydrogen peroxide using ferrous ion as catalyst. Seperation and Purification Technology, 31, 241–250.
• Masoumi, A.A., Tabil, L. 2003. Physical properties of chickpea (C. arientinum) cultivers. Paper No. 036058 for 2003 ASAE Annual Meeting, Las Vagas, NV, USA.
• McMullan, G., Meehan, C., Conneely A., Kirby, N., Robinson T., Nigam P. 2001. Microbial decolourisation and degradation of textile dyes. Applied Microbiology and Biotechonology, 56, 81-87.
• McKay, G., El-Geundi, M., Nassar, M.M. 1998. External mass transport processes during the adsorption of dyes onto bagasse pith. Water Research, 22, 1527–1533.
• Mittal, A. 2006. Adsorption kinetics of removal of a toxic dyei Malachite Green, from wastewater by using hen feathers. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 33, 196-202.
• Namasivayam, C. Arasi, D.J.S.E. 1997. Removal of Congo red from wastewater by adsorption onto red mud. Chemosphere, 34, 401–471.
• Namasivayam, C., Dinesh K. M., Selvi K., Begum A. R., Vanathi T., Yamuna R. T. 2001. Waste coir pith a potential biomass for the treatment of dyeing wastewaters. Biomass Bioenergy, 21, 477–483.
• Namasivayam, C., Muniasamy, N., Gayathri, K., Rani, M., Ranganathan, K. 1996. Removal of dyes from aqueous solutions by cellulosic waste orange peel. Bioresourch Technology, 57, 37–43.
• Nassar, M.M., El-Geundi, M.S. 1991. Comparative cost of colour removal from textile effluents using natural adsorbents. Journal of Chemistry Technology Biotechnology, 50, 257–264.
• Ravi Kumar, M.N.V., Sridhari, T.R., Bhavani, K.D., Dutta, P.K. 1998. Trends in color removal from textile mill effluents. Colorage, 40, 25-34.
• Rubin, E., Rodriguez, P., Herrero, R., Cremades, J., Ignacio, B., de Vicente, M.E.S. 2005. Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using as biosorbent Sargassum muticum: an invasive macroalga in Europe. Journal of Chemistry Technology Biotechnology, 80, 291-298.
• Segurola, J., Allen N.S., Edge M., Mahon A.M. 1999. Design of eutectic photo-initiator blends for UV/Visible curable acrylated printing liks and coating. Progress in Organic Coatings, 37, 23–37.
• Singh, K.P., Mohan, D., Sinha, S., Tondon, G.S., Gosh, D. 2003. Color removal from wastewater using low-cost activated carbon derived from agricultural waste material. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 42, 1965-1976.
• Sun, G., Xu, X. 1997. Sunflower stalks as adsorbents for color removal from textile wastewater. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 36, 808–812.
• Sun, Q., Yang, L. 2003. The adsorption of basic dyes from aquous solution on modified peat-resin particle. Water Research, 37, 1535-1544.
• Toh, Y.C., Yen, J.J.L., Jefftey, P., Ting, Y.P. 2003. Decolourisation of azo dyes by white- rot fungi (WRF) isolated in Singapore Enzyme. Microbiyology Technology, 35, 569–575.
• Tunalıoğlu, R., Ozkaya, M.T. 2003. Keçiboynuzu. T.E.A.E. Bakış. 3, 1–4.
• Zhao, X.K., Yang, G.P., Gao, X.C. 2003. Studies on the sorption behaviors of nitrobenzene on marine sediments. Chemosphere, 52, 917–925.
• Vining, G., Kowalski, S.M. 2010. Statical Methods for Engineers Cengage Learning, Brooks/Cole, 3rd edition.
• Weng, C.H., Chang, E.E., Chiang, P.C. 2001. Characteristics of new coccine dye adsorption onto digested sludge particulates. Water Science Technology, 44, 279–284.
• Weng, C.H., Pan, Y.F. 2006. Adsorption characteristics of methylene blue from aqueous solution by sludge ash Colloids Surf. A. Physicochemistry Engineering, 274, 154–162.
• Xie, G., Xi, P., Liu, H., Chen, F., Huang, L., Shi, Y., Hou, F., Zeng, Z., Shao, C., Wang, J. 2012. A facile chemical method to produce superparamagnetic graphene oxide Fe3O4 hybrid composite and its application in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22, 1033-1039.