A Narrative Review Aligning Food Security with Food Loss and Waste Reduction

Yıl 2024, Sayı: SUIC, 1 - 14, 31.12.2024

Esila Bayar , Zeynep Begüm Kalyoncu Atasoy

https://doi.org/10.18185/erzifbed.1534572

Öz

This study explores the critical intersection between food security, sustainable development, and food loss and waste (FLW). Anchored in Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 and 12, the research emphasizes the importance of aligning efforts to end hunger with strategies to reduce FLW. Food security requires consistent access to nutritious food, yet food insecurity persists, affecting millions worldwide, with significant consequences for health, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. The current review examines various policy approaches across different regions, highlighting how differing strategies impact the effectiveness of FLW reduction and food security enhancement. For instance, while some countries focus on legislative measures to prevent food loss, others prioritize innovative practices such as repurposing near-expiry food or investing in sustainable food systems. The study also highlights innovative practices, such as municipal restaurants in Türkiye, which provide affordable and nutritious meals while minimizing waste, and cooperative initiatives empowering women. Additionally, the role of artificial intelligence and circular economy models in reducing FLW is explored, emphasizing the need for systemic and structural reforms. Global initiatives like the Food & Agriculture Organization’s “Save Food” campaign, along with policy-driven approaches such as food banks and food waste awareness campaigns, underscore the importance of a collaborative effort between governments, private sectors, and NGOs to tackle both the symptoms and root causes of food insecurity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Food loss and waste, food insecurity, nutrition policy, sustainable development

Etik Beyan

There are no ethical issues regarding the publication of this study.

Teşekkür

The language editing and data visualization of the article was assisted by the ChatGPT 4.o and DALL-E language model (limited version) developed by OpenAI.

Kaynakça

• 1. United Nations. Goals 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. [cited 2024 Aug 15]. Available from: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal2
• 2. Katoch OR. Tackling child malnutrition and food security: assessing progress, challenges, and policies in achieving SDG 2 in India. Nutr Food Sci. 2024;54(2).
• 3. FAO Food Security Programme. An Introduction to the Basic Concepts of Food Security. 2008. Available from: www.foodsec.org
• 4. Berry EM, Dernini S, Burlingame B, Meybeck A, Conforti P. Food security and sustainability: Can one exist without the other? Vol. 18, Public Health Nutrition. Cambridge University Press; 2015. p. 2293–302.
• 5. Bedasa Y, Deksisa K. Food insecurity in East Africa: An integrated strategy to address climate change impact and violence conflict. Vol. 15, Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. 2024.
• 6. Chichaibelu BB, Bekchanov M, von Braun J, Torero M. The global cost of reaching a world without hunger: Investment costs and policy action opportunities. Food Policy. 2021;104.
• 7. Bratsberg B, Rogeberg O. Flynn effect and its reversal are both environmentally caused. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jun 26;115(26):6674–8.
• 8. Boiteau JM, Pingali P. Food loss of perishable produce from farm to retail: Evidence from tomato supply chains in South India. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2022;115(6).
• 9. Global Initiative on Food loss and Waste Reduction. 2015. Available from: http://cait.wri.org
• 10. Principato L, Mattia G, Di Leo A, Pratesi CA. The household wasteful behaviour framework: A systematic review of consumer food waste. Industrial Marketing Management. 2021;93.
• 11. Munesue Y, Masui T, Fushima T. The effects of reducing food losses and food waste on global food insecurity, natural resources, and greenhouse gas emissions. Environmental Economics and Policy Studies. 2015 Jan 1;17(1):43–77.
• 12. Van Geffen L, van Herpen E, Sijtsema S, van Trijp H. Food waste as the consequence of competing motivations, lack of opportunities, and insufficient abilities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling: X. 2020;5.
• 13. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023. FAO; IFAD, UNICEF; WFP; WHO; 2023 Jul. 14. Chen C, Chaudhary A, Mathys A. Nutritional and environmental losses embedded in global food waste. Resour Conserv Recycl. 2020;160.
• 15. Tsalis G. What’s the deal? Consumer price involvement and the intention to purchase suboptimal foods. A cross-national study. Food Qual Prefer. 2020;79.
• 16. O’Connor J, Hoang SA, Bradney L, Dutta S, Xiong X, Tsang DCW, et al. A review on the valorisation of food waste as a nutrient source and soil amendment. Vol. 272, Environmental Pollution. Elsevier Ltd; 2021.
• 17. Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhu J, Zhao L. A meta-analysis on the effectiveness of food-waste reducing nudges. Food Policy. 2023;120.
• 18. De Gorter H, Drabik D, Just DR, Reynolds C, Sethi G. Analyzing the economics of food loss and waste reductions in a food supply chain. Food Policy. 2021;98.
• 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. How to reduce food loss and waste for food security and environmental sustainability. 2019; Available from: www.fao.org/publications/sofa
• 20. Brian Lipinski, Craig Hanson, James Iomax, Tim Searchinger, Lisa Kitinoja, Richard waite. Reducing food loss and waste. 2013. Available from: http://www.worldresourcesreport.org.
• 21. Kummu M, de Moel H, Porkka M, Siebert S, Varis O, Ward PJ. Lost food, wasted resources: Global food supply chain losses and their impacts on freshwater, cropland, and fertiliser use. Science of The Total Environment. 2012 Nov 1; 438:477–89.
• 22. Wang Y, Yuan Z, Tang Y. Enhancing food security and environmental sustainability: A critical review of food loss and waste management. Vol. 4, Resources, Environment and Sustainability. 2021.
• 23. Papargyropoulou E, Fearnyough K, Spring C, Antal L. The future of surplus food redistribution in the UK: Reimagining a ‘win-win’ scenario. Food Policy. 2022;108.
• 24. Penalver JG, Aldaya MM. The Role of the Food Banks in Saving Freshwater Resources through Reducing Food Waste: The Case of the Food Bank of Navarra, Spain. Foods. 2022;11(2).
• 25. Food and Agriculture Organization. SAVE FOOD: Global Initiative on Food Loss and Waste Reduction [cited 2024 Aug 15]. Available from: https://www.fao.org/save- food/regional/easterneurope/en/
• 26. The Local DK. Danish supermarket offers fresh take on expired food. 2016 [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.thelocal.dk/20161128/danish-supermarket-offers-fresh-take- on-expired-food 12
• 27. Razouk A, Tiganescu E, von Glahn AJ, Abdin AY, Nasim MJ, Jacob C. The future in the litter bin – bioconversion of food waste as driver of a circular bioeconomy. Vol. 11, Frontiers in Nutrition. Frontiers Media SA; 2024.
• 28. Pandey DK, Mishra R. Towards sustainable agriculture: Harnessing AI for global food security. Vol. 12, Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture. KeAi Communications Co.; 2024. p. 72–84.
• 29. Kutyauripo I, Rushambwa M, Chiwazi L. Artificial intelligence applications in the agrifood sectors. J Agric Food Res. 2023;11.
• 30. Yu Z, Jung D, Park S, Hu Y, Huang K, Rasco BA, et al. Smart traceability for food safety. Vol. 62, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2022.
• 31. Hassoun A, Kamiloglu S, Garcia-Garcia G, Parra-López C, Trollman H, Jagtap S, et al. Implementation of relevant fourth industrial revolution innovations across the supply chain of fruits and vegetables: A short update on Traceability 4.0. Food Chem. 2023;409.
• 32. Yu Z, Ju X, Bai L, Gong S. Consumer’s over-ordering behavior at restaurant: Understanding the important roles of interventions from waiter and ordering habits. Appetite. 2021;160.
• 33. Federal Ministry for the Environment NC and NS (BMU). Waste Prevention Programme - of the German Government with the Involvement of the Federal Länder. 2013 [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.bmuv.de/en/publication/waste-prevention-programme-of- the-german-government-with-the-involvement-of-the-federal-laender
• 34. Department of The Environment C and C. Stop Food Waste. [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://stopfoodwaste.ie/resource/about 35. Food and Agriculture Organization of tn e United Nations. The National Food Waste Prevention Plan (PINPAS). [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.fao.org/nr/sustainability/food-loss-and-waste/database/projects- detail/en/c/233057/
• 36. Stop Wasting Food Movement Denmark. Stop Wasting Food. [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://stopwastingfoodmovement.org/
• 37. Chinie C, Biclesanu I, Bellini F. The impact of awareness campaigns on combating the food wasting behavior of consumers. Sustainability (Switzerland). 2021;13(20).
• 38. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Food: Too Good to Waste Implementation Guide and Toolkit. 2016 Feb [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/sustainable-management-food/food-too-good-waste-implementation- guide-and-toolkit
• 39. Soma T, Li B, Maclaren V. Food waste reduction: A test of three consumer awareness interventions. Sustainability (Switzerland). 2020;12(3). 13
• 40. Waste and Resources Action Programme. Love Food Hate Waste. 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 16]. Available from: https://www.lovefoodhatewaste.com/
• 41. World Health Organization. WHO global strategy for food safety 2022–2030: towards stronger food safety systems and global cooperation. 2022.
• 42. Chirsanova A, Calcatiniuc D. THE IMPACT OF FOOD WASTE AND WAYS TO MINIMIZE IT. Journal of Social Sciences. 2021 Mar;IV(1). Available from: https://jss.utm.md/wp- content/uploads/sites/21/2021/03/JSS-1-2021_128-139.pdf
• 43. Waste and Resource Action Programme [WRAP]. Food Waste Reduction Roadmap. Waste and resource action programme. 2021.
• 44. Cook N, Collins J, Goodwin D, Porter J. Factors influencing implementation of food and food- related waste audits in hospital foodservices. Front Nutr. 2022 Dec 1;9.
• 45. Folwarczny M, Li NP, Sigurdsson V, Tan LKL, Otterbring T. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Anticipated Food Scarcity Scale (AFSS). Appetite. 2021;166.
• 46. Cook N, Collins J, Goodwin D, Porter J. A systematic review of food waste audit methods in hospital foodservices: development of a consensus pathway food waste audit tool. Vol. 35, Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2022.
• 47. Tonini P, Odina PM, Durany XG. Predicting food waste in households with children: socio- economic and food-related behavior factors. Front Nutr. 2023;10.
• 48. Neubig CM, Roosen J. Can I still eat this? Using implicit and explicit measures to explore consumer behavior toward food products with date labels. Appetite. 2024 Sep 1;200.
• 49. Wallnoefer LM, Meixner O, Riefler P. Look-smell-taste labels on food date marking: Assessing their effectiveness for reducing food waste at a consumer level as part of the European Green Deal. Food Qual Prefer. 2024 Nov 1;120.
• 50. Cao Y, Miao L. Consumer responses to suboptimal food products. Appetite. 2021;163.
• 51. Zhang Y, van Herpen E, Van Loo EJ, Pandelaere M, Geuens M. Save near-expired food: Does a message to avoid food waste affect food purchase and household waste prevention behaviors? J Clean Prod. 2023;384.