Araştırma Makalesi
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Adjustment Costs and the Trade-off Between q and Lagged Investment Effects

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 73 - 90, 28.05.2021

Öz

A dynamic investment model is estimated by system generalized method of moments using a panel data of Turkish firms quoted over the period 2004–2017. The sample is split using firm size and rate of investment criteria to classify firms according to how likely they face financing constraints and high adjustment costs. The q theory of investment is consistent with the data of large but low-investment firms in that q is the sufficient statistic for investment and the implied adjustment costs are of reasonable magnitude. The coefficient on q for these firms is 0.60 which is very large compared to previous studies possibly due to reducing measurement errors by using cash flow to instrument q. The sensitivity of investment to q reduces not only with financing constraints but also with high adjustment costs. There is a trade-off between q and lagged investment effects on investment. The more likely that a firm faces high adjustment costs, the more lagged investment becomes important for its current investment. However, the coefficient of lagged investment is not higher than 0.23 in any estimation suggesting that lagged investment is important only when the adjustment costs are very high.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, A. B., & Blanchard, O. J. (1986). The Present Value of Profits and Cyclical Movements in Investment. Econometrica, 54(2), 26.
  • Blundell, R., Bond, S., Devereux, M., & Schiantarelli, F. (1992). Investment and Tobin’s Q: Evidence from Company Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics, 51, 233–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(92)90037-R
  • Devereux, M., & Schiantarelli, F. (1990). Investment, Financial Factors, and Cash Flow: Evidence from U.K. Panel Data. In R. G. Hubbard (Ed.), Asymmetric Information, Corporate Finance, and Investment. University of Chicago Press.
  • Eberly, J., Rebelo, S., & Vincent, N. (2012). What explains the lagged-investment effect?. Journal of Monetary Economics, 59, 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2012.05.002
  • Fazzari, S. M., Hubbard, R. G., & Petersen, B. C. (1988). Financing Constraints and Corporate Investment. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1988(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534426
  • Fazzari, S. M., & Petersen, B. C. (1993). Working Capital and Fixed Investment: New Evidence on Financing Constraints. The RAND Journal of Economics, 24(3), 328. https://doi.org/10.2307/2555961
  • Gatchev, V. A., Pulvino, T., & Tarhan, V. (2010). The Interdependent and Intertemporal Nature of Financial Decisions: An Application to Cash Flow Sensitivities. The Journal of Finance, 65(2), 725–763. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01549.x
  • Gilchrist, S., & Himmelberg, C. P. (1995). Evidence on the Role of Cash Flow for Investment. Journal of Monetary Economics, 36, 541–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(95)01223-0
  • Hayashi, F. (1982). Tobin’s Marginal q and Average q: A Neoclassical Interpretation. Econometrica, 50(1), 213. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912538
  • Millar, J. N. (2005). Gestation Lags for Capital, Cash Flows, and Tobin’s Q (No. 24; Finance and Economics Discussion Series, p. 64). Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
  • Nickell, S. (1981). Biases in Dynamic Models with Fixed Effects. Econometrica, 49(6), 11.
  • Roodman, D. (2009). How to do xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9(1), 51.
  • Summers, L. H. (1981). Taxation and Corporate Investment: A q-Theory Approach. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1981(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534397
  • Tobin, J. (1969). A General Equilibrium Approach To Monetary Theory. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 1(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.2307/1991374
  • Zhu, Q., & Singh, G. (2016). The Impacts Of Oil Price Volatility On Strategic Investment Of Oil Companies In North Amerıca, Asia, and Europe. Pesquisa Operacional, 36(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-7438.2016.036.01.0001

UYARLAMA MALİYETLERİ VE Q İLE GECİKMELİ YATIRIM ETKİLERİ ARASINDAKİ DENGELEME

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 73 - 90, 28.05.2021

Öz

Dinamik bir yatırım modeli, 2004–2017 döneminde piyasada işlem gören Türk firmalarının panel verileri kullanılarak sistem genelleştirilmiş momentler yöntemi ile tahmin edilmektedir. Firmaları finansal kısıtlar ve yüksek uyarlama maliyetleriyle karşılaşma ihtimalinin derecesine göre sınıflandırmak için firma büyüklüğü ve yatırım oranı kriterleri kullanılarak örneklem bölünmüştür. Yatırımın q teorisi, q’nun yatırım için yeterli istatistik olması ve tahmin edilen uyarlama maliyetlerinin makul büyüklükte olması açısından büyük ama düşük-yatırımlı firmalarının verileriyle tutarlıdır. Bu firmalar için q’nun katsayısı 0,60'tır ve muhtemelen nakit akışını q için araç değişkeni olarak kullanmanın ölçüm hatalarını azaltması nedeniyle bu katsayı önceki çalışmalara kıyasla çok büyüktür. Yatırımın q'ya duyarlılığı, sadece finansal kısıtlar ile değil aynı zamanda yüksek uyarlama maliyetleri ile de azalmaktadır. Yatırımda q ve gecikmeli yatırım etkileri arasında bir dengeleme vardır. Bir firmanın yüksek uyarlama maliyetleriyle karşılaşması ne kadar çok olası ise, gecikmeli yatırım mevcut yatırım için o kadar önemli hale gelmektedir. Ancak, gecikmeli yatırım katsayısının hiçbir tahminde 0,23'ten yüksek olmaması, gecikmeli yatırımın yalnızca uyarlama maliyetleri çok yüksek olduğunda önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abel, A. B., & Blanchard, O. J. (1986). The Present Value of Profits and Cyclical Movements in Investment. Econometrica, 54(2), 26.
  • Blundell, R., Bond, S., Devereux, M., & Schiantarelli, F. (1992). Investment and Tobin’s Q: Evidence from Company Panel Data. Journal of Econometrics, 51, 233–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(92)90037-R
  • Devereux, M., & Schiantarelli, F. (1990). Investment, Financial Factors, and Cash Flow: Evidence from U.K. Panel Data. In R. G. Hubbard (Ed.), Asymmetric Information, Corporate Finance, and Investment. University of Chicago Press.
  • Eberly, J., Rebelo, S., & Vincent, N. (2012). What explains the lagged-investment effect?. Journal of Monetary Economics, 59, 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoneco.2012.05.002
  • Fazzari, S. M., Hubbard, R. G., & Petersen, B. C. (1988). Financing Constraints and Corporate Investment. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1988(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534426
  • Fazzari, S. M., & Petersen, B. C. (1993). Working Capital and Fixed Investment: New Evidence on Financing Constraints. The RAND Journal of Economics, 24(3), 328. https://doi.org/10.2307/2555961
  • Gatchev, V. A., Pulvino, T., & Tarhan, V. (2010). The Interdependent and Intertemporal Nature of Financial Decisions: An Application to Cash Flow Sensitivities. The Journal of Finance, 65(2), 725–763. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01549.x
  • Gilchrist, S., & Himmelberg, C. P. (1995). Evidence on the Role of Cash Flow for Investment. Journal of Monetary Economics, 36, 541–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(95)01223-0
  • Hayashi, F. (1982). Tobin’s Marginal q and Average q: A Neoclassical Interpretation. Econometrica, 50(1), 213. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912538
  • Millar, J. N. (2005). Gestation Lags for Capital, Cash Flows, and Tobin’s Q (No. 24; Finance and Economics Discussion Series, p. 64). Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
  • Nickell, S. (1981). Biases in Dynamic Models with Fixed Effects. Econometrica, 49(6), 11.
  • Roodman, D. (2009). How to do xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9(1), 51.
  • Summers, L. H. (1981). Taxation and Corporate Investment: A q-Theory Approach. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1981(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.2307/2534397
  • Tobin, J. (1969). A General Equilibrium Approach To Monetary Theory. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 1(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.2307/1991374
  • Zhu, Q., & Singh, G. (2016). The Impacts Of Oil Price Volatility On Strategic Investment Of Oil Companies In North Amerıca, Asia, and Europe. Pesquisa Operacional, 36(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-7438.2016.036.01.0001
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cihan Çobanoğlu 0000-0001-5698-318X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 10 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çobanoğlu, C. (2021). Adjustment Costs and the Trade-off Between q and Lagged Investment Effects. Ekonomik Ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(1), 73-90.

İletişim Adresi: Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 14030 Gölköy-BOLU

Tel: 0 374 254 10 00 / 14 86 Faks: 0 374 253 45 21 E-posta: iibfdergi@ibu.edu.tr

ISSN (Basılı) : 1306-2174 ISSN (Elektronik) : 1306-3553