The European Union’s Approach Towards The Eastern Neighbours From The Perspective of The Renewed European Neighbourhood Policy

Öz

Yenilenen Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası Perspektifinden Avrupa Birliği’nin Doğu Komşularına Yaklaşımı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) 2004 yılında resmi politika çıktısı olarak Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası’nı (AKP) oluşturduktan sonra belirlediği Doğu komşuları ile olan ilişkilerini ve bu ilişkilerin günümüzdeki durumu ve ilişkilerin geleceği konusunda çeşitli analizler içermektedir. AKP’nin oluşturulma nedenleri, siyasi açıdan gelişim süreci, politikanın boyutları, araçları ve amaçları da açıklanmaktadır. Öte yandan, AB’nin Doğu komşuları ile olan ilişkilerinde Rusya Federasyonu’nun (RF) etkisi tarihsel, ekonomik ve toplumsal bağları açısından öne çıkmaktadır. AB’nin Doğu komşuları amaçlarını gerçekleştirebilmeleri açısından AB ve RF arasında bir tercih yapmak zorunda kalmaları veya karşılaştıkları ikilemler AKP’nin gidişatını belirleyen en önemli faktörlerdendir. Bu bağlamda, Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinin AB ve RF ile olan karşılıklı bağımlılıkları da önem taşımaktadır. 2015 yılında Avrupa Komisyonu tarafından yayımlanan AKP belgesinde doğu Avrupa ülkelerinin siyasi önceliklerine dayalı olarak AKP’nin güncellenmesi gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Yeni yaklaşıma göre, işbirliğine ve bütünleşmeye günümüzde fazla istekli olmayan Doğu komşuları ile olan ilişkilerinde AB “koşulluluk politikası” yerine daha çok “farklılaştırma” ve “esneklik” politikaları benimseyecektir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada AKP’nin hangi yöne doğru ve nasıl evirileceği konusunda bir süreç analizi yapılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AKP,Doğu Avrupa,Doğu Ortaklığı,koşulluluk,farklılaştırma

Kaynakça

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