Araştırma Makalesi
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İnfertil Kadınlarda Psikolojik Durum ve Şiddete Maruz Kalma Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 46 - 55, 30.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, infertil kadınlarda psikolojik durumun ve şiddete maruz kalma düzeylerinin
değerlendirilmesi ve aralarındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Bu araştırma, tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte, Atatürk Üniversitesi Aziziye Araştırma
Hastanesi, Tüp Bebek Merkezi’nde, Nisan-Ekim 2015 tarihleri arasında tüp bebek merkezine
başvuran, olasılıksız örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen ve çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 240
kadın ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan
“Bilgi Formu”, “İnfertilite Etkilenme Ölçeği (İEÖ)” ve “İnfertil Kadınlarda Maruz Kalınan Şiddeti
Belirleme Ölçeği (İKMKŞBÖ)’’ kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: İEÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 60,91±10,26, İKMKŞBÖ puan ortalamasının 85,12±15,37
olduğu bulunmuştur. Aile İçi Şiddet alt boyutu puan ortalamasının 30,53±6,06, Sosyal Baskı alt
boyutu puan ortalamasının 19,49±3,77, Ceza Alanı alt boyutu puan ortalamasının 16,10±3,51,
Geleneksel Uygulama alt boyutu puan ortalamasının 11,12±2,99, Dışlanma alt boyutu puan
ortalamasının 7,85±2,05 olduğu bulunmuştur. Kadınların İEÖ puan ortalaması ile İKMKŞBÖ alt
boyut ve toplam puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu
belirlenmiştir (p<,001).
Sonuç: Primer infertil kadınların orta düzeyde şiddete maruz kaldıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre kadınların şiddete
maruz kaldıklarında infertiliteden psikolojik olarak daha fazla etkilendikleri belirlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aduloju, P. O., Olagbuji, N. B., Olofinbiyi, A. B., & Awoleke, J. O. (2015). Prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence among women attending infertility clinic in south-western Nigeria. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 188, 66–69.
  • Akyüz, A., Seven, M., Sahiner, G., & Bilal, B. (2013). Studying the effect of infertility on marital violence in Turkish women. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 6(4), 286–293. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3850310/pdf/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-6-286.pdf
  • Akyüz, A., Gürhan, N., & Bakır, B. (2008). Development and validation of an infertility distress scale for Turkish women. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 7(6), 469–476. Retrieved from https://www.bibliomed.org/ mnsfulltext/1/khb_007_06-469.pdf?1600463013
  • Akyüz, A., Şahiner, G., Senem, M., & Bakır, B. (2014). The effect of marital violence on infertility distress among a sample of Turkish women. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 8(1), 67–76. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3973171/
  • Ardabily, H. E., Moghadam, Z. B., Salsali, M., Ramezanzadeh, F., & Nedjat, S. (2011). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 112(1), 15–17.
  • Campbell, J. C. (2002). Health consequences of intimate partner violence. Lancet, 359(9314), 1331–1336.
  • Coşkuner Potur, D., Onat, G., & Doğan Merih, Y. (2019). An evaluation of the relationship between violence exposure status and personality characteristics among infertile women. Health Care for Women International, 40(11), 1135–1148.
  • Dag, H., Yigitoglu, S., Aksakal, B. I., & Kavlak, O. (2015). The association between coping method and distress in infertile woman: A crosssectional study from Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 31(6), 1457–1462.
  • Deyhoul, N., Mohamaddoost, T., & Hosseini, M. (2017). Infertility-relatedrisk factors: A systematic review. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 5(1), 24–29.
  • Fang, M., Li, G., Kang, X., Hou, F., Lv, G., Xu., Kong, L., & Li, P. (2020). The role of gender and self-esteem as moderators of the relationship between stigma and psychological distress among infertile couples. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 1–14.
  • Fode, M., Fusco, F., Lipshultz, L., & Weidner, W. (2016). Sexually transmitted disease and male infertility: A systematic review. European Urology Focus, 2(4), 383–393.
  • Hajizade-Valokolaee, M., Khani, S., Fooladi, E., & Peivandi, S. (2017). Related factors of violence against women with infertility: A systematic review study based on an ecological approach. Electronic Physician, 9(11), 5834–5843.
  • Kaur, M., Patidar, A. B., Meenakshi, M., & Sharma, S. (2014). Domestic violence and its contributory factors among married women in selected slums of Ludhiana, Punjab. Nursing and Midwifery Research Journal, 10(1), 30–35.
  • Lotfy, M., Hamdy, M. A., Mansour, A. F. I., Gharib, W. F., Ghoneim, H. M., Abbas, A. M., Sayed Ahmed, W. A., & Ibrahim, Z. M. (2019). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence among infertile Egyptian women: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 24(5), 362–367.
  • Moghaddam Tabrizi, F., Feizbakhsh, N., Sheikhi, N., & Behroozi Lak, T. (2016). Exposure of infertile women to violence and related factors in women referring to Urmia infertility center in 2015. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, 13(10), 853–862.
  • Newton, C. R., Sherrard, W., & Glavac, I. (1999). The Fertility Problem Inventory: Measuring perceived infertility-related stress. Fertility and Sterility, 72(1), 54–62.
  • Onat, G. (2014). Development of a scale for determining violence against infertile women: A scale development study. Reproductive Health, 11(1), 18.
  • Ozgoli, G., Sheikhan, Z., Zahiroddin, A., Nasiri, M., Amiri, S., & Kholosi Badr, F. E. (2016). Evaluation of the prevalence and contributing factors of psychological intimate partner violence in infertile women. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 4(2), 571–581. Retrieved from http://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6625_7eeb176e602d7a733e2246db6c14c71d.pdf
  • Öztürk, R. (2016). Infertility and violence. Turkiye Klinikleri obstetric-women’s health and diseases nursing. Special Topics, 2(2), 23–27. Retrieved from https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-infertilit e-ve-siddet-76248.html
  • Satheesan, S. C., & Satyaranayana, V. A. (2018). Quality of marital relationship, partner violence, psychological distress, and resilience in women with primary infertility. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 5(2), 734–739.
  • Sheikhan, Z., Ozgoli, G., Azar, M., & Alavimajd, H. (2014). Domestic violence in Iranian infertile women. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 28, 152. Retrieved from http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/
  • Sis Çelik, A. S., & Kırca, N. (2018). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 231, 111–116.
  • Stellar, C., Garcia-Moreno, C., Temmerman, M., & van der Poel, S. (2016). A systematic review and narrative report of the relationship between infertility, subfertility, and intimate partner violence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 133(1), 3–8.
  • Tabong, P. T. N., & Adongo, P. B. (2013). Infertility and childlessness: A qualitative study of the experiences of infertile couples in Northern Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13(1), 72.
  • Taebi, M., Gandomani, S. J., Nilforoushan, P., & Dehaghi, A. G. (2016). Association between infertility factors and non-physical partner abuse in infertile couples. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(4), 368–371.
  • Takaki, J., & Hibino, Y. (2014). Family-related opinions and stressful situations associated with psychological distress in women undergoing infertility treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(9), 9068–9081.
  • Ünal, S., Kargın, M., & Akyüz, A. (2010). Factors affecting infertile women psychologically. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(5), 481–486.
  • Vander Borght, M., & Wyns, C. (2018). Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology. Clinical Biochemistry, 62, 2–10.
  • Vayena, E., Rowe, P. J., & Griffin, P. D. (2002). Current practices and controversies in assisted reproduction: Report of a meeting on medical, ethical and social aspects of assisted reproduction, held at WHO Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Wells, H., & Heinsch, M. (2020). Not yet a woman: The influence of sociopolitical constructions of motherhood on experiences of female infertility. British Journal of Social Work, 50(3), 890–907.
  • WHO. (2015). Gender and genetics. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs).
  • Yildizhan, R., Adali, E., Kolusari, A., Kurdoglu, M., Yildizhan, B., & Sahin, G. (2009). Domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 104(2), 110–112.
  • Yilmaz, T., Yazici, S., & Benli, T. (2020). Factors associated with infertility distress of infertile women: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 41(4), 275–281.
  • Zarif Golbar Yazdi, H., Aghamohammadian Sharbaf, H., Kareshki, H., & Amirian, M. (2020). Infertility and psychological and social health of Iranian infertile women: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(1), 67–79. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7193241/pdf/IJPS-15-67.pdf

Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 46 - 55, 30.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126

Öz

Objective: The present study was conducted to assess the psychological state and levels of violence exposure in infertile women and to examine the relationship between them.
Methods: This research was carried out in the descriptive and relationship-seeking type with
240 women who applied to the IVF center of Atatürk University Aziziye Research Hospital
between April and October 2015 and who were determined by the improbable sampling method
and volunteered to participate in the study. In the research, the “Information form” prepared by
the researchers, the “Infertility Distress Scale,” and the “Infertile Women’s Exposure to Violence
Determination Scale” were utilized as data collection tools.
Results: The mean total score of the Infertility Distress Scale was found to be 60.91 ± 10.26, and
the mean score of the Infertile Women’s Exposure to Violence Determination Scale was found
to be 85.12 ± 15.37. The mean score of the Domestic Violence subscale was determined to be
30.53 ± 6.06, the mean score of the Social Pressure subscale was found to be 19.49 ± 3.77, the
mean score of the Punishment subscale was found to be 16.10 ± 3.51, the mean score of the
Exposure to Traditional Practices subscale was found to be 11.12 ± 2.99, and the mean score of
the Exclusion subscale was found to be 7.85 ± 2.05. A statistically positive significant correlation was determined between the women’s mean score on the Infertility Distress Scale and the
mean Infertile Women’s Exposure to Violence Determination Scale subscale and total scores
(p < .001).
Conclusion: It was revealed that primary infertile women were exposed to moderate violence. In
accordance with the study results, it was found that when women were exposed to violence, they
were more psychologically affected by infertility.

Kaynakça

  • Aduloju, P. O., Olagbuji, N. B., Olofinbiyi, A. B., & Awoleke, J. O. (2015). Prevalence and predictors of intimate partner violence among women attending infertility clinic in south-western Nigeria. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 188, 66–69.
  • Akyüz, A., Seven, M., Sahiner, G., & Bilal, B. (2013). Studying the effect of infertility on marital violence in Turkish women. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 6(4), 286–293. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3850310/pdf/Int-J-Fertil-Steril-6-286.pdf
  • Akyüz, A., Gürhan, N., & Bakır, B. (2008). Development and validation of an infertility distress scale for Turkish women. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 7(6), 469–476. Retrieved from https://www.bibliomed.org/ mnsfulltext/1/khb_007_06-469.pdf?1600463013
  • Akyüz, A., Şahiner, G., Senem, M., & Bakır, B. (2014). The effect of marital violence on infertility distress among a sample of Turkish women. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 8(1), 67–76. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3973171/
  • Ardabily, H. E., Moghadam, Z. B., Salsali, M., Ramezanzadeh, F., & Nedjat, S. (2011). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 112(1), 15–17.
  • Campbell, J. C. (2002). Health consequences of intimate partner violence. Lancet, 359(9314), 1331–1336.
  • Coşkuner Potur, D., Onat, G., & Doğan Merih, Y. (2019). An evaluation of the relationship between violence exposure status and personality characteristics among infertile women. Health Care for Women International, 40(11), 1135–1148.
  • Dag, H., Yigitoglu, S., Aksakal, B. I., & Kavlak, O. (2015). The association between coping method and distress in infertile woman: A crosssectional study from Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 31(6), 1457–1462.
  • Deyhoul, N., Mohamaddoost, T., & Hosseini, M. (2017). Infertility-relatedrisk factors: A systematic review. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 5(1), 24–29.
  • Fang, M., Li, G., Kang, X., Hou, F., Lv, G., Xu., Kong, L., & Li, P. (2020). The role of gender and self-esteem as moderators of the relationship between stigma and psychological distress among infertile couples. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 1–14.
  • Fode, M., Fusco, F., Lipshultz, L., & Weidner, W. (2016). Sexually transmitted disease and male infertility: A systematic review. European Urology Focus, 2(4), 383–393.
  • Hajizade-Valokolaee, M., Khani, S., Fooladi, E., & Peivandi, S. (2017). Related factors of violence against women with infertility: A systematic review study based on an ecological approach. Electronic Physician, 9(11), 5834–5843.
  • Kaur, M., Patidar, A. B., Meenakshi, M., & Sharma, S. (2014). Domestic violence and its contributory factors among married women in selected slums of Ludhiana, Punjab. Nursing and Midwifery Research Journal, 10(1), 30–35.
  • Lotfy, M., Hamdy, M. A., Mansour, A. F. I., Gharib, W. F., Ghoneim, H. M., Abbas, A. M., Sayed Ahmed, W. A., & Ibrahim, Z. M. (2019). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence among infertile Egyptian women: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 24(5), 362–367.
  • Moghaddam Tabrizi, F., Feizbakhsh, N., Sheikhi, N., & Behroozi Lak, T. (2016). Exposure of infertile women to violence and related factors in women referring to Urmia infertility center in 2015. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, 13(10), 853–862.
  • Newton, C. R., Sherrard, W., & Glavac, I. (1999). The Fertility Problem Inventory: Measuring perceived infertility-related stress. Fertility and Sterility, 72(1), 54–62.
  • Onat, G. (2014). Development of a scale for determining violence against infertile women: A scale development study. Reproductive Health, 11(1), 18.
  • Ozgoli, G., Sheikhan, Z., Zahiroddin, A., Nasiri, M., Amiri, S., & Kholosi Badr, F. E. (2016). Evaluation of the prevalence and contributing factors of psychological intimate partner violence in infertile women. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 4(2), 571–581. Retrieved from http://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6625_7eeb176e602d7a733e2246db6c14c71d.pdf
  • Öztürk, R. (2016). Infertility and violence. Turkiye Klinikleri obstetric-women’s health and diseases nursing. Special Topics, 2(2), 23–27. Retrieved from https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-infertilit e-ve-siddet-76248.html
  • Satheesan, S. C., & Satyaranayana, V. A. (2018). Quality of marital relationship, partner violence, psychological distress, and resilience in women with primary infertility. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 5(2), 734–739.
  • Sheikhan, Z., Ozgoli, G., Azar, M., & Alavimajd, H. (2014). Domestic violence in Iranian infertile women. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 28, 152. Retrieved from http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/
  • Sis Çelik, A. S., & Kırca, N. (2018). Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 231, 111–116.
  • Stellar, C., Garcia-Moreno, C., Temmerman, M., & van der Poel, S. (2016). A systematic review and narrative report of the relationship between infertility, subfertility, and intimate partner violence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 133(1), 3–8.
  • Tabong, P. T. N., & Adongo, P. B. (2013). Infertility and childlessness: A qualitative study of the experiences of infertile couples in Northern Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13(1), 72.
  • Taebi, M., Gandomani, S. J., Nilforoushan, P., & Dehaghi, A. G. (2016). Association between infertility factors and non-physical partner abuse in infertile couples. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(4), 368–371.
  • Takaki, J., & Hibino, Y. (2014). Family-related opinions and stressful situations associated with psychological distress in women undergoing infertility treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(9), 9068–9081.
  • Ünal, S., Kargın, M., & Akyüz, A. (2010). Factors affecting infertile women psychologically. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(5), 481–486.
  • Vander Borght, M., & Wyns, C. (2018). Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology. Clinical Biochemistry, 62, 2–10.
  • Vayena, E., Rowe, P. J., & Griffin, P. D. (2002). Current practices and controversies in assisted reproduction: Report of a meeting on medical, ethical and social aspects of assisted reproduction, held at WHO Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Wells, H., & Heinsch, M. (2020). Not yet a woman: The influence of sociopolitical constructions of motherhood on experiences of female infertility. British Journal of Social Work, 50(3), 890–907.
  • WHO. (2015). Gender and genetics. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs).
  • Yildizhan, R., Adali, E., Kolusari, A., Kurdoglu, M., Yildizhan, B., & Sahin, G. (2009). Domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 104(2), 110–112.
  • Yilmaz, T., Yazici, S., & Benli, T. (2020). Factors associated with infertility distress of infertile women: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 41(4), 275–281.
  • Zarif Golbar Yazdi, H., Aghamohammadian Sharbaf, H., Kareshki, H., & Amirian, M. (2020). Infertility and psychological and social health of Iranian infertile women: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(1), 67–79. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7193241/pdf/IJPS-15-67.pdf
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ayşegül Erdoğan 0000-0002-9302-5076

Meral Kılıç 0000-0001-9770-7448

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 29 Kasım 2021
Kabul Tarihi 8 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdoğan, A., & Kılıç, M. (2022). Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 46-55. https://doi.org/10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126
AMA Erdoğan A, Kılıç M. Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Ağustos 2022;5(2):46-55. doi:10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126
Chicago Erdoğan, Ayşegül, ve Meral Kılıç. “Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women”. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2022): 46-55. https://doi.org/10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126.
EndNote Erdoğan A, Kılıç M (01 Ağustos 2022) Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5 2 46–55.
IEEE A. Erdoğan ve M. Kılıç, “Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women”, Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 46–55, 2022, doi: 10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126.
ISNAD Erdoğan, Ayşegül - Kılıç, Meral. “Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women”. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5/2 (Ağustos 2022), 46-55. https://doi.org/10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126.
JAMA Erdoğan A, Kılıç M. Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;5:46–55.
MLA Erdoğan, Ayşegül ve Meral Kılıç. “Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women”. Ebelik Ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 46-55, doi:10.5152/JMHS.2022.1030126.
Vancouver Erdoğan A, Kılıç M. Evaluation of the Psychological State and Levels of Violence Exposure in Infertile Women. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;5(2):46-55.

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