RCEP ÜLKELERİNİN DIŞ TİCARETİ VE STANDART ÜRÜN GRUPLARI BAZINDA İHRACATTAKİ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ÜSTÜNLÜKLERİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Asya-Pasifik bölgesinde yeni bir iktisadi oluşum olarak Bölgesel Kapsamlı Ekonomik Ortaklık (RCEP) anlaşmasına taraf olan 15 ülkenin, standart ürün grupları bazında ihracattaki karşılaştırmalı üstünlüklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için 2011-2020 arası yıllar seçilmiş ve Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükleri (RCA) ölçmek için de Balassa İndeksi ile hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Ülkelerin ihraç ettiği ürünler, üretimdeki faktör yoğunluklarına göre (düşük, orta, yüksek teknoloji; emek, hammadde, sermaye yoğun; kolay taklit ve zor taklit, madenler ve metaller, mineral yakıtlar, tarımsal ürünler, tekstil, imalat) toplamda 13 standart ürün grubuna ayrılmış ve her grup için ayrı ayrı RCA katsayıları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, RCEP ülkeleri (9 ülke) en fazla tarımsal ürün gruplarında uzmanlaşmıştır. Bu sektörü imalat sanayi (8 ülke) ve hammadde yoğun mallar (7 ülke) izlemiştir. Araştırma bazlı malların yer aldığı kolay taklit ve zor taklit gruplarda ise 7 ülke, yüksek teknoloji grubunda ise 6 ülke uzmanlaşmış ve ihracatta karşılaştırmalı üstünlük elde etmiştir. Araştırma bazlı bu gruplarda özellikle Çin, Vietnam, Güney Kore, Malezya, Tayland, Filipinler, Singapur ve Japonya’nın üstünlüğü söz konusudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bölgesel Kapsamlı Ekonomik Ortaklık
• RCEP
• ihracat
• karşılaştırmalı üstünlük
• RCA

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES OF RCEP COUNTRIES IN FOREIGN TRADE AND EXPORT BASED ON STANDARD PRODUCT GROUPS

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to determine the comparative advantages of 15 countries, which are party to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement as a new economic entity in the Asia-Pacific region, in exports on the basis of standard product groups. To do so, calculations were made with the Balassa Index to measure the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) between 2011 and 2020. The products exported by the countries are divided into 13 standard product groups in total according to their factor intensities in production (low, medium, high technology; labour, raw materials, capital intensive; easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate, minerals and metals, mineral fuels, agricultural products, textiles, manufacturing). and RCA coefficients are determined for each group separately. According to the findings, RCEP countries (9 countries) are mostly specialised in agricultural product groups. This sector is followed by the manufacturing industry (8 countries) and raw material-intensive goods (7 countries). In the easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate groups where research-based goods are included, 7 countries, and in the high technology group, 6 countries have specialised and achieved a comparative advantage in exports. In these research-based groups, especially China, Vietnam, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore and Japan are advantageous.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
• RCEP
• export
• comparative advantage
• RCA

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