VERTICAL COLLECTIVISM, FAMILY-CONSCIOUSNESS AND URBANIZATION IN TURKEY

Öz

Abstract Urban living offers conveniences which reduce the need to rely on family and close friends. The current paper tested the urbanization hypothesis, which is that residents of urban areas will be more individualistic and less collectivistic than rural residents. Individualism, collectivism and family-consciousness were assessed in college students in several Turkish cities and one US city (Boston). Urbanization co-varied most strongly not with individualism, but with low values of vertical collectivism, which is the tendency to subordinate personal goals to those of in-group authority figures, and with family-consciousness (communalism within the family group). family-consciousness and vertical collectivism were less frequently endorsed in larger urban areas compared to rural areas. These associations provide a foundation for asking more specific questions about what aspects of urban living (e.g., income, education, religious belief, less frequent co-residence with family) influence collectivist values. Key Words: individualism, collectivism, modernization, cross-cultural psychology

Anahtar Kelimeler

• individualism, collectivism, modernization, cross-cultural psychology

VERTICAL COLLECTIVISM, FAMILY-CONSCIOUSNESS AND URBANIZATION IN TURKEY

Öz

Öz Şehir yaşamı insanlara, ailelerine ve yakın arkadaşlarına güvenme ihtiyacını azaltan kolaylıklar sunmaktadır. Bu araştırmada büyük şehirde yaşayanların kırsalda yaşayanlara göre daha bireyselci ve daha az toplulukçu olacağını öne süren şehirleşme hipotezi sınanmıştır. Bireyselcilik, toplulukçuluk ve ailecilik Türkiye'nin birkaç şehrinde ve bir ABD şehrindeki (Boston) üniversite öğrencileri arasında ölçülmüştür. Şehirleşmenin bireycilikten çok grup içi otorite figürlerinin bireysel amaçların önüne geçmesi olarak tanımlanan dikey toplulukçuluğun düşük düzeyleri ve ailecilikle (aile içi toplumsalcılıkla) ilişkili olarak değiştiği bulgulanmıştır. Ailecilik ve dikey toplulukçuluk kırsal alanlara nazaran, geniş kentsel alanlarda daha az kabul görmektedir. Bu ilişkiler, şehir yaşamının hangi özelliklerinin (gelir düzeyi, eğitim düzeyi, dini inanç, aileyle yaşamanın pek tercih edilmemesi) toplulukçu değerleri etkilemesine ilişkin daha spesifik sorular sormak için bir temel oluşturmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: bireyselcilik, toplulukçuluk, modernleşme, kültürlerarası psikoloji

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bireyselcilik, toplulukçuluk, modernleşme, kültürlerarası psikoloji.

Kaynakça

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