Öz
Abstract
It is intended to gain culture, which has a crucial role for individuals to set their value judgment, through social institutions and to socialize individuals by involving in cultural system. In this process, elementary education institutions are very important education step to provide culture transfer, create cultural awareness and develop this awareness. In this context, the main aim of this study is to determine the elementary school students' ways to manifest their culture perceptions in their written expressions and pictures. Based on this aim, this study is carried out with art based inquiry which is one of qualitative research designs. The 5th grade elementary school students participated in the study and data for the study is collected through students' written expressions, culture themed pictures, and semi-structured interviews on pictures. The data collected from 22 students was analyzed through descriptive analysis technique and the findings were presented with tables indicating frequency distributions and with direct quotations from the students. As a result of the study, it was found that students explained culture with values belonged to a nation or country and they expressed that culture is a value inherited from the past. Besides, it was obtained that the participants associated cultural components particularly such as celebrations/marriage ceremonies, dinners, dance/plays and clothes, then sport/ancestor sport, traditions/customs, 'soldier farewell ceremony', bairams and shows/folk heroes with society and culture they live in. Thus, it was concluded that while explaining Turkish culture, the students described their own culture in their written expressions and pictures depending on these components.
Key words: Culture perception, elementary school students, written expression, drawing
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arnstine, D. (1990). Art, aesthetics, and the pitfalls of discipline-based art education. Educational Theory, 40 (4), 415-422.
- Belet, S.D.&Eristi,S.D. (2009) Multicultural primary school students’ ways of revealing their perception of culture in written representations and pictures (The Example of Multicultural Fjell Primary School in Norway), Australian Art Education, (32)2, 27 – 55.
- Brooks, N. (1986). Culture in the classroom. In J.M. Valdes (Eds) Culture bound (123-129). Cambridge University Press.
- Brown, H.D. (1994). Principles of language learning and teaching. The USA: Prentice Hall Regents.
- Council of Europe (1996). In from the margins: a contribution to the debate on culture and development in Europe. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
- Denzin, N. K. & Lincoln, Y.S. (2005). The sage handbook of qualitative research. (3rd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Eisner, E. W. (2002). From episteme to phronesis to artistry in the study and improvement of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 18 (4), 375-385.
- Eisner, E. W. (1991). What the arts taught me about education. In Reflections from the heart of educational inquiry: Understanding curriculum and teaching through the arts, eds. Willis, G. and Schubert, W. H., 34-48. Albany, NY: SUNY.
- Efland, A. D. (1995). Change in the conceptions of art teaching. In Context, content, and community in art education beyond postmodernism, Neperud, R. (ed.) NY: Teachers College Press.
- Glazer, N. & Moyniham, D. P., (1975). Ethnicity theory and experience, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 5.
- Gunnestad, A.(2006a). Resilience in a cross-cultural perspective: How resilience is generated in different cultures. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 11.
- Gunnestad, A.(2006b). The role of the culture in early childhoold education. 20 Mart 2009 tarihinde http://www.dmmh.no/index.php?ID=468&view=text sitesinden alınmıştır.
- Helms, J.E., & Carter, R.T. (1990). Development of the White Racial Identity Inventory. In J.E.Helms (Ed.), Black and white racial identity: Theory, research, and practice (67-80). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
- Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions andorganizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Hofstede, G., (1991). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind: ıntercultural cooperation and its ımportance for survival. Canbridge, England: McGraw-Hill.
- Hudson, P. & Hudson, S. 2001. Linking visual arts with science and technology in the primary classroom. Investigating: Australian Primary and Junior Science Journal, 17 (4), 26-29.
- Klepsch, M. & Logie, L. (1982). Children draw and tell. New York: Brunner Mazel.
- Kluckhohn, C. K. (1951). Values and value orientations in the theory of action. In T. Parsons and E. A. Shils (Eds.), Toward a General Theory of Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Koppitz, E. M. (1968). Psychological evaluation of children’s human drawings. New York: Crune and Stratton.
- McFee J (1991). Change and the cultural dimensions of art education. Unpublished paper. Oregon: University of Oregon.
- Matlin, M. W. (2004). The psychology of women (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth Publishers.
- Miles M. & Huberman, M. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. California: Sage Publications.
- Silver, R. (1993). Age and gender differences expressed through drawings: a study of attitudes toward self and others. Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 10 (3), 159-168.
- Ong, W. J. (1982). Orality and literacy: The technologizing of the word. London: Methuen.
- Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Swiniarski L. & Breitborde M. (2003). Educating the global village: Including the child in the word, (2nd Ed.) Merrill Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky, Vol. 4: The history of the development of higher mental functions (R. W. Rieber, Ed.; M. J. Hall, trans.). New York: Plenum.
- Welch, N. & Greene, A. (1995). Schools, communities and the arts: A research compendium. Tempe, AZ: Morrison Institute for Public Policy, Arizona State University.
- Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2005). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (5. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Znaniecki, F. (1963). The method of sociology. New York: Octagon Books.
Öz
Öz
Bireylerin kendi değer yargılarını oluşturmalarında önemli bir rolü olan kültürün toplumsal kurumlar aracılığıyla edinilmesi ve bireylerin kültürel sistemlere dahil olup sosyalleşmeleri amaçlanır. Bu süreçte ilköğretim kurumları kültür aktarımının sağlanmasında, kültürel farkındalığın yaratılmasında ve bu farkındalığın geliştirilmesinde son derece önemli bir eğitim basamağıdır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ilköğretim öğrencilerinin yazılı anlatım ve resimlerinde kültür algılarını ortaya koyma biçimlerini belirlemektir. Bu araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden sanat temeli desen aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlköğretim beşinci sınıf öğrencileriyle gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın verileri, öğrencilerin yazılı anlatımları, kültür konulu resimleri ve resimlerle ilgili yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla elde edilmiştir. 22 öğrencinin katıldığı araştırmanın verileri betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin kültürü, bir ulusa ya da bir millete ait olan değerlerle açıkladıkları, kültürün geçmişten günümüze gelen bir değer olduğunu ifade ettikleri görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra ilköğretim öğrencilerinin, özellikle kutlamalar/evlenme törenleri, yemekler, danslar/oyunlar, kıyafetler, spor/ata sporları, gelenekler/adetler, asker uğurlama, bayramlar ve halk kahramanları gibi kültürel ögeleri ele aldıkları ve yazılı anlatım ve resimlerinde Türk kültürünün anlatırken bu ögelerden yola çıkarak kendi kültürlerini açıkladıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Anahtar sözcükler: Kültür algısı, ilköğretim öğrencileri, yazılı anlatım, resim
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arnstine, D. (1990). Art, aesthetics, and the pitfalls of discipline-based art education. Educational Theory, 40 (4), 415-422.
- Belet, S.D.&Eristi,S.D. (2009) Multicultural primary school students’ ways of revealing their perception of culture in written representations and pictures (The Example of Multicultural Fjell Primary School in Norway), Australian Art Education, (32)2, 27 – 55.
- Brooks, N. (1986). Culture in the classroom. In J.M. Valdes (Eds) Culture bound (123-129). Cambridge University Press.
- Brown, H.D. (1994). Principles of language learning and teaching. The USA: Prentice Hall Regents.
- Council of Europe (1996). In from the margins: a contribution to the debate on culture and development in Europe. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
- Denzin, N. K. & Lincoln, Y.S. (2005). The sage handbook of qualitative research. (3rd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Eisner, E. W. (2002). From episteme to phronesis to artistry in the study and improvement of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 18 (4), 375-385.
- Eisner, E. W. (1991). What the arts taught me about education. In Reflections from the heart of educational inquiry: Understanding curriculum and teaching through the arts, eds. Willis, G. and Schubert, W. H., 34-48. Albany, NY: SUNY.
- Efland, A. D. (1995). Change in the conceptions of art teaching. In Context, content, and community in art education beyond postmodernism, Neperud, R. (ed.) NY: Teachers College Press.
- Glazer, N. & Moyniham, D. P., (1975). Ethnicity theory and experience, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 5.
- Gunnestad, A.(2006a). Resilience in a cross-cultural perspective: How resilience is generated in different cultures. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 11.
- Gunnestad, A.(2006b). The role of the culture in early childhoold education. 20 Mart 2009 tarihinde http://www.dmmh.no/index.php?ID=468&view=text sitesinden alınmıştır.
- Helms, J.E., & Carter, R.T. (1990). Development of the White Racial Identity Inventory. In J.E.Helms (Ed.), Black and white racial identity: Theory, research, and practice (67-80). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
- Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions andorganizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Hofstede, G., (1991). Cultures and organizations: software of the mind: ıntercultural cooperation and its ımportance for survival. Canbridge, England: McGraw-Hill.
- Hudson, P. & Hudson, S. 2001. Linking visual arts with science and technology in the primary classroom. Investigating: Australian Primary and Junior Science Journal, 17 (4), 26-29.
- Klepsch, M. & Logie, L. (1982). Children draw and tell. New York: Brunner Mazel.
- Kluckhohn, C. K. (1951). Values and value orientations in the theory of action. In T. Parsons and E. A. Shils (Eds.), Toward a General Theory of Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Koppitz, E. M. (1968). Psychological evaluation of children’s human drawings. New York: Crune and Stratton.
- McFee J (1991). Change and the cultural dimensions of art education. Unpublished paper. Oregon: University of Oregon.
- Matlin, M. W. (2004). The psychology of women (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth Publishers.
- Miles M. & Huberman, M. (1994). An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis. California: Sage Publications.
- Silver, R. (1993). Age and gender differences expressed through drawings: a study of attitudes toward self and others. Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 10 (3), 159-168.
- Ong, W. J. (1982). Orality and literacy: The technologizing of the word. London: Methuen.
- Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Swiniarski L. & Breitborde M. (2003). Educating the global village: Including the child in the word, (2nd Ed.) Merrill Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky, Vol. 4: The history of the development of higher mental functions (R. W. Rieber, Ed.; M. J. Hall, trans.). New York: Plenum.
- Welch, N. & Greene, A. (1995). Schools, communities and the arts: A research compendium. Tempe, AZ: Morrison Institute for Public Policy, Arizona State University.
- Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2005). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (5. Basım). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Znaniecki, F. (1963). The method of sociology. New York: Octagon Books.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Temmuz 2010 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Eylül 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2010 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 33 |
Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (Electronic Journal of Social Sciences), Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.