Abdüktif (Çıkarımsal) Akıl Yürütmenin Örnekler Çerçevesinde Sunumu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 1054 - 1075, 30.07.2025

Dilek Başerer Yildirim

https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1552403

Öz

Abdüktif akıl yürütme, belirsizlik ve eksik bilgi içeren durumlarla karşı karşıya kalındığında, mantıklı açıklamalar ve hipotezler üretmek için kullanılan bir düşünme tekniğidir. Bu düşünme süreci, bilgiyi ve kanıtları mantıklı bir şekilde birleştirerek yeni fikirlerin ve çözümlerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlar. Abdüktif akıl yürütmeyi daha net anlamak için teorik temelleri yanında pratik uygulamaları hakkında da derinlemesine bir anlayış geliştirmek gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle oluşturulan çalışmada abdüktif akıl yürütmenin, sadece bilim veya felsefe gibi belirli alanlarda değil, aynı zamanda iş, eğitim, ilişkiler ve diğer birçok yaşam alanında da kullanıldığını örnekler vererek göstermek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, abdüktif akıl yürütmenin önemini vurgulamak ve bu konuda farkındalık yaratmak hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda abdüktif akıl yürütme, belirsizlik durumlarında bile mantıksal çıkarım yapabilme özelliğine sahip olduğu, teorikte olduğu gibi pratikte de tümdengelimsel ve tümevarımsal akıl yürütme yöntemlerinden farklı olduğu, şaşırtıcı veya çok karmaşık bir olguyu dahi makul olacak şekilde açıklayan bir akıl yürütme yolu olarak kullanıldığı verilen örnekler çerçevesinde görülmüştür.
Abductive reasoning is a thinking technique used to produce logical explanations and hypotheses when faced with situations that involve uncertainty and incomplete information. This thinking process logically combines information and evidence to produce new ideas and solutions. In order to understand abductive reasoning more clearly, it is necessary to develop an in-depth understanding of its practical applications as well as its theoretical foundations. For this reason, the aim of the study is to show that abductive reasoning is used not only in certain areas such as science or philosophy, but also in business, education, relationships and many other areas of life by giving examples. In line with this purpose, the study aims to emphasize the importance of abductive reasoning and to raise awareness on this subject. As a result of the study, it was seen that abductive reasoning has the ability to make logical inferences even in situations of uncertainty, that it is different from deductive and inductive reasoning methods in practice as well as in theory, and that it is used as a way of reasoning that explains even surprising or very complex phenomena in a reasonable way within the framework of the examples given.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akıl yürütme , abdüktif akıl yürütme , tümdengelimsel akıl yürütme , tümevarımsal akıl yürütme.

Presentation of Abductive Reasoning Within the Framework of Examples

Öz

Abductive reasoning is a cognitive approach used to generate plausible explanations and hypotheses when faced with situations involving uncertainty and incomplete information. This reasoning process facilitates the emergence of new ideas and solutions by logically integrating available information and evidence. In order to gain a clearer understanding of abductive reasoning, it is essential to develop an in-depth perspective not only on its theoretical foundations but also on its practical applications. Accordingly, this study aims to demonstrate that abductive reasoning is employed not only in specific fields such as science and philosophy, but also in various areas of life including business, education, interpersonal relationships, and more, by presenting illustrative scenarios in comparison with other types of reasoning. In line with this objective, the study seeks to emphasise the significance of abductive reasoning and raise awareness regarding its broader relevance. The findings indicate that abductive reasoning enables logical inference even under conditions of uncertainty, differs from deductive and inductive reasoning both in theory and in practice, and offers a way of explaining even surprising or highly complex phenomena in a rational and reasonable manner.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Reasoning , abductive reasoning , deductive reasoning , inductive reasoning.

Kaynakça

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