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COVID-19 PREVALENCE AMONG PRİMARY HEALTHCARE WORKERS

Yıl 2022, , 326 - 339, 04.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1012379

Öz

Healthcare workers have been fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic with a higher risk than many parts of the population. Screening of some specific groups at regular intervals is important to detect cases earlier. Case and contact tracing (filiation) in Turkey are carried out by the district health directorates (DHD) and family health centers (FHC). The aim of this study is to examine the COVID-19 prevalence among primary healthcare workers. The population of this cross-sectional study consists of 627 primary healthcare workers in Uskudar, Istanbul as of April 2020, including the data on 586 healthcare workers who participated in the SARS-CoV-2 PCR test screening on 13-30 April 2020. The point prevalence of the screening period and the period prevalence of April 2020-April 2021 were calculated. 68.3% of the participants were working in FHC. According to the screening results, the point prevalence was 8.5% in the whole group, 15.1% in DHD, and 5.5% in FHC (p<0.001). The period prevalence was 25.9% in the whole group, 34.9% in DHD, and 21.8% in FHC (p=0.001). As of 2021/4/30, 17.1% of the participants have never been vaccinated. The fact that the disease is more common among the DHD staff, it is necessary to be careful regarding workplace contact and case clustering and to maintain personal protective measures strictly during contact tracing. It is noteworthy that the level of health workers who did not get vaccinated despite the fact that 3.5 months have passed since the start of the vaccination is not to be underestimated.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Nguyen LH, Drew DA, Graham MS, Joshi AD, Guo CG, Ma W, et al. Risk of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health. 2020 Jul 30;5(9):e475-83. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30164-X.
  • 2. World Health Organization. Protecting health workers from COVID-19 [Internet]. Updated 2020 Dec 09 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/westernpacific/news/feature-stories/detail/protecting-health-workers-from-covid-19
  • 3. Sağlık Bakanlığı Bilim Kurulu Sonrası Basın Açıklaması [Internet]. Updated 2020 Dec 09 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_0HjHGbJkQ&t=3106
  • 4. Türk Toraks Derneği [Internet]. Basın Bildirisi. Updated 2021 Feb 02 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/site/news/10240
  • 5. Ataç Ö, Sezerol MA, Taşçı Y, Hayran O. COVID-19 pandemisinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarında anksiyete ve uykusuzluk. Turk J Public Health. 2020;18:47-57. doi:10.20518/tjph.767187.
  • 6. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • 7. Temsah MH, Al-Sohime F, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Hasan K, Jamal A, et al. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in a MERSCoV endemic country. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(6):877-82. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.021.
  • 8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Overview of testing for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Updated 2021 Aug 02 [cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/testing-overview.html
  • 9. Johanna N, Citrawijaya H, Wangge G. Mass Screening vs Lockdown vs Combination of Both to Control COVID-19: a Systematic Review. J Public Health Res. 2020 Dec 18;9(4):2011. doi:10.4081/jphr.2020.2011.
  • 10. Raffle AE, Gill M. Mass screening for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. BMJ. 2021 Apr 28;373:n1058. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1058.
  • 11. Atak M, Şahin ÇE, Sezerol MA. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde Türkiye'deki birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri. In: Önal AE. Halk Sağlığı ve COVID-19. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.129-134.
  • 12. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu) rehberi (Bilim kurulu çalışması). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı; 2 Nisan 2020.
  • 13. Izcovich A, Ragusa MA, Tortosa F, Lavena Marzio MA, Agnoletti C, Bengolea A, et al. Prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 17;15(11):e0241955. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241955.
  • 14. Eser E, İlgün M. Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri. In: Üner S, Okyay P. Türkiye Sağlık Raporu 2020. Ankara: Hipokrat Yayınevi; 2020. p.15-27.
  • 15. Aslan M, Uçar A. Contact Tracing in Turkey’s Struggle with COVID-19: Its Scope, Components, and Stages. Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;26(2):141-2. doi:10.21673/anadoluklin.848367.
  • 16. Minnesota Department Of Health. [Internet] Point prevalence survey testing in acute care facilities. Updated 2020 Oct 12 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/coronavirus/hcp/ppsacute.pdf
  • 17. Fröberg M, Hassan SS, Pimenoff VN, Akterin S, Elfström KM, Dillner J. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Healthcare Workers Outside Hospitals. Researchsquare 49314609 [Preprint]2021 [cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-493146/v1 doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-493146/v1.
  • 18. Martin C, Montesinos I, Dauby N, Gilles C, Dahma H, Van Den Wijngaert S, et al. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity and seroprevalence among high-risk healthcare workers and hospital staff. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Sep;106(1):102-6. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2020.06.028.
  • 19. Fwoloshi S, Hines JZ, Barradas DT, Yingst S, Siwingwa M, Chirwa L, et al. Prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2) among health care workers-Zambia, July 2020. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 30:ciab273. doi:10.1093/cid/ciab273.
  • 20. Alkurt G, Murt A, Aydin Z, Tatli O, Agaoglu NB, Irvem A, et al. Seroprevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among health care workers from three pandemic hospitals of Turkey. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 3;16(3):e0247865. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247865.
  • 21. Yogo N, Greenwood KL, Thompson L, Wells PJ, Munday S, Smith TC, et al. Point prevalence survey to evaluate the seropositivity for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among high-risk healthcare workers. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Cambridge University Press; 2020;:1-6. doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1370.
  • 22. Özbey AG, Acar AG, Bozdağ F, Yalçın BNB, Çoban T, Ener D, et al. Bulaşıcı hastalıklar çalışma grubu. In: Okyay P, Üner S. Halk Sağlığı Bakış Açısıyla Pandeminin Birinci Yılı. Ankara; Hipokrat Yayınevi; 2021. p. 3-55.
  • 23. Shorten RJ, Haslam S, Hurley MA, Rowbottom A, Myers M, Wilkinson P, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers in a large teaching hospital in the North West of England: a period prevalence survey. BMJ Open. 2021;11:e045384. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045384.
  • 24. Shepard J, Kling SMR, Lee G, Wong F, Frederick J, Skhiri M, et al. The prevalence of COVID-19 in healthcare personnel in an adult and pediatric academic medical center. Am J Infect Control. 2021 May;49(5):542-6. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2021.01.004.
  • 25. Metan, G. Taranan ve COVID-19 Tanısı Alan Sağlık Çalışanlarımızın Verileri. In: Topeli İA, Durusu TM, Uzun Ö. Covid-19 Pandemi Raporu (20 Mart-20 Kasım 2020). Ankara; Hacettepe İç Hastalıkları Derneği Yayınları;2021. p. 214-216.
  • 26. World Health Organization. [Internet] Countries: Turkey. The current COVID-19 situation. [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ countries/tur/
  • 27. İkiışık H, Çağ Y, Sezerol MA, Surmeli A, Taşçı Y, Şahin ÇE, et al. Sociodemographic and Clinical Features of COVID-19 Reinfection Cases Among Healthcare Workers in Turkey. Researchsquare [Preprint] 2021 [posted 2021 Mar 16; cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-296853/v1/a42ffeb6-8c59-4eac-8699-d93eb2deff3d.pdf?c=1634056270. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-296853/v1.
  • 28. Shah ASV, Wood R, Gribben C, Caldwell D, Bishop J, Weir A, et al. Risk of hospital admission with coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare workers and their households: nationwide linkage cohort study. BMJ. 2020;371:m3582. doi:10.1136/bmj.m3582.
  • 29. Dzieciolowska S, Hamel D, Gadio S, Dionne M, Gagnon D, Robitaille L, et al. Covid-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and refusal among Canadian healthcare workers: A multicenter survey. Am J Infect Control. 2021 Apr 28:S0196-6553(21)00274-1. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2021.04.079.
  • 30. Li M, Luo Y, Watson R, Zheng Y, Ren J, Tang J, Chen Y. Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) attitudes and related factors towards COVID-19 vaccination: a rapid systematic review. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 30 June 2021. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140195.

BİRİNCİ BASAMAK SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA COVID-19 GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI

Yıl 2022, , 326 - 339, 04.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1012379

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadelede ön safta görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarında hastalığa yakalanma riski toplumun birçok kesimine kıyasla daha yüksektir. Risk altındaki bazı grupların zaman zaman taranması vakaların erken dönemde tespiti için önemlidir. Ülkemizde filyasyon, vaka ve temaslı takibi uygulamaları ilçe sağlık müdürlüğü (İlçe SM) ve aile sağlığı merkezi (ASM) çalışanları tarafından yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, birinci basamak sağlık çalışanlarında COVID-19 görülme sıklığının incelenmesidir. Tanımlayıcı kesitsel türde olan bu araştırmanın evrenini Nisan 2020 itibariyle İstanbul ili Üsküdar ilçesinde görev yapmakta olan 627 birinci basamak sağlık hizmeti çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. 13-30 Nisan 2020 tarihlerinde İlçe SM tarafından yapılan SARS-CoV-2 PCR testi taramasına katılan 586 sağlık çalışanına ait veriler dahil edilerek, tarama dönemine ait nokta prevalans ve Nisan 2020-Nisan 2021 dönemine ait süre prevalans hesaplanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 38,5±10,3 olup %73,7’si kadındır ve %68,3’ü ASM’de görev yapmaktadır. Tarama sonucuna göre tüm grupta %8,5 olan nokta prevalans; İlçe SM’de %15,1 ve ASM’de %5,5’tir (p<0,001). Süre prevalans ise tüm grupta %25,9 olup İlçe SM’de %34,9 ve ASM’de %21,8’dir (p=0,001). 30.04.2021 itibariyle katılımcıların %17,1’i hiç aşı yaptırmamıştır. ASM çalışanlarına göre daha kalabalık bir ortamda görev yapan İlçe SM çalışanlarında hastalığın daha sık görülmesi hem kurum içi temas ve vaka kümelenmesi açısından dikkatli olunması hem de vakalarla temas edilirken kişisel koruyucu önlemlere üst düzeyde uyulması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Aşı uygulamasının başlangıcından 3,5 ay geçmesine rağmen aşı yaptırmayan sağlık çalışanlarının azımsanmayacak düzeyde olması dikkat çekicidir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Nguyen LH, Drew DA, Graham MS, Joshi AD, Guo CG, Ma W, et al. Risk of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health. 2020 Jul 30;5(9):e475-83. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30164-X.
  • 2. World Health Organization. Protecting health workers from COVID-19 [Internet]. Updated 2020 Dec 09 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/westernpacific/news/feature-stories/detail/protecting-health-workers-from-covid-19
  • 3. Sağlık Bakanlığı Bilim Kurulu Sonrası Basın Açıklaması [Internet]. Updated 2020 Dec 09 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_0HjHGbJkQ&t=3106
  • 4. Türk Toraks Derneği [Internet]. Basın Bildirisi. Updated 2021 Feb 02 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/site/news/10240
  • 5. Ataç Ö, Sezerol MA, Taşçı Y, Hayran O. COVID-19 pandemisinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarında anksiyete ve uykusuzluk. Turk J Public Health. 2020;18:47-57. doi:10.20518/tjph.767187.
  • 6. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • 7. Temsah MH, Al-Sohime F, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Hasan K, Jamal A, et al. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in a MERSCoV endemic country. J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(6):877-82. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.021.
  • 8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Overview of testing for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Updated 2021 Aug 02 [cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/testing-overview.html
  • 9. Johanna N, Citrawijaya H, Wangge G. Mass Screening vs Lockdown vs Combination of Both to Control COVID-19: a Systematic Review. J Public Health Res. 2020 Dec 18;9(4):2011. doi:10.4081/jphr.2020.2011.
  • 10. Raffle AE, Gill M. Mass screening for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. BMJ. 2021 Apr 28;373:n1058. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1058.
  • 11. Atak M, Şahin ÇE, Sezerol MA. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde Türkiye'deki birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri. In: Önal AE. Halk Sağlığı ve COVID-19. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2020. p.129-134.
  • 12. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu) rehberi (Bilim kurulu çalışması). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı; 2 Nisan 2020.
  • 13. Izcovich A, Ragusa MA, Tortosa F, Lavena Marzio MA, Agnoletti C, Bengolea A, et al. Prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 17;15(11):e0241955. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241955.
  • 14. Eser E, İlgün M. Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri. In: Üner S, Okyay P. Türkiye Sağlık Raporu 2020. Ankara: Hipokrat Yayınevi; 2020. p.15-27.
  • 15. Aslan M, Uçar A. Contact Tracing in Turkey’s Struggle with COVID-19: Its Scope, Components, and Stages. Anatolian Clinic the Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021;26(2):141-2. doi:10.21673/anadoluklin.848367.
  • 16. Minnesota Department Of Health. [Internet] Point prevalence survey testing in acute care facilities. Updated 2020 Oct 12 [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/coronavirus/hcp/ppsacute.pdf
  • 17. Fröberg M, Hassan SS, Pimenoff VN, Akterin S, Elfström KM, Dillner J. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Healthcare Workers Outside Hospitals. Researchsquare 49314609 [Preprint]2021 [cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-493146/v1 doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-493146/v1.
  • 18. Martin C, Montesinos I, Dauby N, Gilles C, Dahma H, Van Den Wijngaert S, et al. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity and seroprevalence among high-risk healthcare workers and hospital staff. J Hosp Infect. 2020 Sep;106(1):102-6. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2020.06.028.
  • 19. Fwoloshi S, Hines JZ, Barradas DT, Yingst S, Siwingwa M, Chirwa L, et al. Prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2) among health care workers-Zambia, July 2020. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 30:ciab273. doi:10.1093/cid/ciab273.
  • 20. Alkurt G, Murt A, Aydin Z, Tatli O, Agaoglu NB, Irvem A, et al. Seroprevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among health care workers from three pandemic hospitals of Turkey. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 3;16(3):e0247865. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247865.
  • 21. Yogo N, Greenwood KL, Thompson L, Wells PJ, Munday S, Smith TC, et al. Point prevalence survey to evaluate the seropositivity for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among high-risk healthcare workers. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. Cambridge University Press; 2020;:1-6. doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1370.
  • 22. Özbey AG, Acar AG, Bozdağ F, Yalçın BNB, Çoban T, Ener D, et al. Bulaşıcı hastalıklar çalışma grubu. In: Okyay P, Üner S. Halk Sağlığı Bakış Açısıyla Pandeminin Birinci Yılı. Ankara; Hipokrat Yayınevi; 2021. p. 3-55.
  • 23. Shorten RJ, Haslam S, Hurley MA, Rowbottom A, Myers M, Wilkinson P, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers in a large teaching hospital in the North West of England: a period prevalence survey. BMJ Open. 2021;11:e045384. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045384.
  • 24. Shepard J, Kling SMR, Lee G, Wong F, Frederick J, Skhiri M, et al. The prevalence of COVID-19 in healthcare personnel in an adult and pediatric academic medical center. Am J Infect Control. 2021 May;49(5):542-6. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2021.01.004.
  • 25. Metan, G. Taranan ve COVID-19 Tanısı Alan Sağlık Çalışanlarımızın Verileri. In: Topeli İA, Durusu TM, Uzun Ö. Covid-19 Pandemi Raporu (20 Mart-20 Kasım 2020). Ankara; Hacettepe İç Hastalıkları Derneği Yayınları;2021. p. 214-216.
  • 26. World Health Organization. [Internet] Countries: Turkey. The current COVID-19 situation. [cited 2021 Aug 21]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ countries/tur/
  • 27. İkiışık H, Çağ Y, Sezerol MA, Surmeli A, Taşçı Y, Şahin ÇE, et al. Sociodemographic and Clinical Features of COVID-19 Reinfection Cases Among Healthcare Workers in Turkey. Researchsquare [Preprint] 2021 [posted 2021 Mar 16; cited 2021 Aug 21] Available from: https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-296853/v1/a42ffeb6-8c59-4eac-8699-d93eb2deff3d.pdf?c=1634056270. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-296853/v1.
  • 28. Shah ASV, Wood R, Gribben C, Caldwell D, Bishop J, Weir A, et al. Risk of hospital admission with coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare workers and their households: nationwide linkage cohort study. BMJ. 2020;371:m3582. doi:10.1136/bmj.m3582.
  • 29. Dzieciolowska S, Hamel D, Gadio S, Dionne M, Gagnon D, Robitaille L, et al. Covid-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and refusal among Canadian healthcare workers: A multicenter survey. Am J Infect Control. 2021 Apr 28:S0196-6553(21)00274-1. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2021.04.079.
  • 30. Li M, Luo Y, Watson R, Zheng Y, Ren J, Tang J, Chen Y. Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) attitudes and related factors towards COVID-19 vaccination: a rapid systematic review. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 30 June 2021. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140195.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sabanur Çavdar 0000-0001-5490-6877

Ayşe Zülal Tokaç 0000-0002-9235-5647

Ömer Ataç 0000-0001-8984-9673

Mehmet Akif Sezerol 0000-0001-6744-1343

Yusuf Taşçı 0000-0002-2154-4221

Osman Hayran 0000-0002-9994-5033

Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Çavdar S, Tokaç AZ, Ataç Ö, Sezerol MA, Taşçı Y, Hayran O. BİRİNCİ BASAMAK SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA COVID-19 GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2022;7(2):326-39.

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