BİNGÖL İLİNDEKİ 65 YAŞ ÜSTÜ COVID-19 HASTALARININ EPİDEMİYOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2021, , 264 - 270, 31.10.2021

Ayşe Gökçe , Ali Özer , Vedat Söyiler , Mehmet Emin Gündoğdu

https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.902272

Öz

Altmışbeş yaş ve üzerindeki popülasyon COVID-19 açısından hem ölüm oranının daha yüksek olması hem de klinik seyirlerinin daha riskli olması sebebiyle önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Bingöl ilindeki 65 yaş üstü COVID-19 hastalarının epidemiyolojik özellikleri, klinik durumları ve klinik durumlarını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mart-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında, Bingöl İlindeki 65 yaş üstü SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testi pozitif 3521 hastanın verileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma gerekli kurum izinleri ve etik kurul onayı alınarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımsız değişkenleri yaş, cinsiyet, kronik hastalık varlığı iken; bağımlı değişkenleri ölüm durumudur. Tanımlayıcı veriler sayı, yüzde, en küçük, en büyük ve ortanca ile ifade edilmiş olup istatistiksel analizlerde Ki Kare testi ve Binominal Lojistik Regresyon Analizi yapılmıştır. Tüm değerlendirilmelerde p<0,05 değeri anlamlı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan hastaların yaş ortancası 72 (65-102), vaka ölüm oranı %2 olarak saptanmıştır. 75-84 yaş grubu ile 85 ve üzeri yaş grubunda olanlarda, kronik hastalığı olanlarda, diyabeti, iskemik kalp hastalığı olanlarda diğer gruplara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek oranda ölüm saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Yapılan regresyon analizine göre; erkeklerde kadınlara göre 2,6 kat, pnömonisi olan hastalarda olmayanlara göre 24,3 kat daha fazla ölüm olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Çalışma grubundaki hastalardan erkeklerde, ileri yaş grubunda olanlarda, pnömonisi olanlarda ve kronik hastalığı olanlarda ölüm daha yüksek oranda gerçekleşmiştir. Özellikli olan hastalar salgın döneminde mümkünse hastanede daha yakından takip edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, hasta, ölüm

Investigation of epidemiological characteristics of patients over age 65 with COVID-19 in Bingöl city

Öz

The population aged ≥65 is important because of the higher mortality rate and a riskier clinical course of COVID-19 in this patient group. This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical conditions, and factors affecting the clinical status of patients over 65 with COVID-19 in the Bingöl province. Study was conducted between March and December 2020 in the Bingöl province using the data of 3,521 patients over age 65 who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 as per RT-PCR results. The study commenced after obtaining necessary institutional permissions and the ethics committee approval. In the study, independent variables were age, gender, presence of chronic diseases whereas dependent variables were mortality status, presence of pneumonia. Chi-square test and binominal logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. In all evaluations, p<0.05 was considered significant. The median age of the patients participating in the study was 72 (65–102) and the case fatality rate was 2%. The mortality rates were significantly higher in patients aged between 75–84 and those aged >85 as well as patients who had a chronic disease, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease compared to the other groups (p<0.05). According to the regression analysis, mortality rate was 2.6-fold higher in males than in females and 24.3-fold higher in patients with pneumonia than in those without pneumonia (p<0.05). Among the patients in the study group, mortality rate was found to be higher in males, those in the advanced age group, and those with pneumonia and chronic diseases. Therefore, if possible, patients with these characteristics should be followed more closely in a hospital setting during the pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, patients, deaths

Kaynakça

• 1. Cavanagh D. The Coronavirus surface glycoprotein. In: Siddell S.G. (eds) The Coronaviridae. The Viruses. Boston: Springer; 1995.
• 2. Peiris JS, Guan Y, Yuen KY. Severe acute respiratory syndrome. Nat Med. 2004;10(Supp 12):88-97.
• 3. Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1814-20.
• 4. Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020;579:270-3.
• 5. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard [cited at 2021 Feb 4] Avaible from: https://covid19.who.int/
• 6. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard-Turkey [cited at 2021 Feb 4 ] Avaible from: https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr
• 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12– March 16, 2020. MMWR. 2020;69(12);343-6.
• 8. Yang, HY, Duan GC. Analysis on the epidemic factors for the coronavirus disease. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2020;54(6):608-13.
• 9. Liu K, Chen Y, Li R, Han K. Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J infect. 2020;80(6):14-8.
• 10. Wang W, Tang J, Wei F. Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. J Med Virol. 2020;92(4):441-7.
• 11. Sun PF, Lu XS, Xu C, Sun, WJ, Pan B. Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence. J Med Virol. 2020;92:548-51.
• 12. Chen T, Dai Z, Mo P, Li X, Ma Z, Song S, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China (2019): a single-centered, retrospective study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020;75( 9):1788–95.
• 13. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):507-13.
• 14. Wu P, Hao X, Lau EHY, Wong JY, Leung KSM, Wu JT. Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China, as at 22 January 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(3):pii=2000044.
• 15. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Liu H, Wu Y, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(5):475-81.
• 16. Niu S, Tian S, Lou J, Kang X, Zhang L, Lian H, et al. Clinical characteristics of older patients infected with COVID-19: A descriptive study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020;89:104058.
• 17. World Health Organization. China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). [cited 2020 March 26] Avaible from: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf
• 18. Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Xia J, Zhou X, Xu S, et al. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(7):934-43.