Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

ELEKTRONİK SİGARA (E-SİGARA) - ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE (E-CIGARETTE)

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 55 - 62, 04.10.2018

Öz

Elektronik sigara(e-sigara) geleneksel sigara gibi bir görüntüsü olan ve sigara içiyormuş gibi bir his veren kalem veya aksesuar şeklinde tasarlanmış bir nikotin kaynağıdır. E-sigaranın normal sigaradan daha az zararlı olduğu düşünülse de bu düşünce e-sigara kullanımının güvenli olduğu anlamına gelmez. E-sigaraların aerosol şeklindeki buharının içinde nikotin, akciğerlerin derinliklerine inebilecek ultra ince tanecikler, ciddi akciğer hastalıklarına sebep olabilecek kimyasallardan olan diasetil aroma gibi maddeler, uçucu organik bileşikler, kansere yol açan kimyasal maddeler, nikel, kalay ve kurşun gibi ağır metaller gibi zararlı birçok madde bulunmaktadır. E-sigaralar, sigarayı bırakma yöntemi olarak FDA tarafından onaylanmamıştır. Türkiye’de, Sağlık Bakanlığı da dahil verilen uğraşlarla bu tip ürünlerin reklamı, satışı ve pazarlanmasına sınırlama getirilmiş; tıbbi bir ürün olmadığı gerçeği halka yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, e-sigara dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de kullanımı giderek artması beklenen bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Diğer taraftan sağlık personelinin ve toplumun e-sigaranın zararları konusunda eğitilmesi, e-sigaraya karşı doğru tutumu sergilemelerinde yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar kelimeler: E-sigara, nikotin, tütün, tütün kontrolü

Abstract:

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is a nicotine source designed in the form of a pen or accessory that looks like a traditional cigarette and feels like a cigarette. Although e-cigarettes are considered to be less harmful than normal cigarettes, this does not mean that e-cigarettes are safe to use. The aerosolized vapor of e-cigarettes contains many harmful substances such as nicotine, ultrafine particles which can penetrate into the depths of the lungs, substances such as diacetyl aroma which can cause serious lung diseases, volatile organic compounds, chemical substances that cause cancer, heavy metals such as nickel, tin and lead. E-cigarettes are not approved by the FDA as a way to quit smoking. In Turkey, Ministry of Health, including the advertised deal with this type of product, sales and marketing, a restriction was imposed; the fact that it is not a medical product has been tried to be reflected to the public. As a result, e-cigarette is a public health problem that is expected to increase in use in our country as well as in the world. On the other hand, training of healthcare personnel and the community about the harms of e-cigarette will help in demonstrating correct attitude towards e-cigarette.

Keywords: E-cigarette, nicotine, tobacco, tobacco control

Kaynakça

  • Brown J, Beard E, Kotz D, Michie S, West R. Real‐world effectiveness of e‐cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross‐sectional population study. Addiction. 2014;109(9):1531-40.
  • Vansickel AR, Cobb CO, Weaver MF, Eissenberg TE. A clinical laboratory model for evaluating the acute effects of electronic “cigarettes”: nicotine delivery profile and cardiovascular and subjective effects. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers. 2010;19(8):1945-53.
  • Fairchild AL, Bayer R, Colgrove J. The renormalization of smoking? E-cigarettes and the tobacco “endgame”. New England Journal of Medicine. 2014;370(4):293-5.
  • Organization WH. Backgrounder on WHO report on regulation of e-cigarettes and similar products. Geneva: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health. 2014.
  • Cheng T. Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes. Tobacco control. 2014;23(suppl 2):ii11-ii7.
  • Gilbert HA. Smokeless non-tobacco cigarette. Google Patents; 1965.
  • Dawkins L, Turner J, Roberts A, Soar K. ‘Vaping’profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users. Addiction. 2013;108(6):1115-25.
  • Börekçi Ş, Bilir N, Karlıkaya C, Grubu TTÇ. Yeni Bir Mücadele Alanı: Elektronik Sigara. Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology. 2015.
  • McQueen A, Tower S, Sumner W. Interviews with “vapers”: implications for future research with electronic cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2011;13(9):860-7.
  • CDC, Electronic Cigarettes [Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/index.htm, access date:02.03.2018.
  • Hershberger AR, Karyadi KA, VanderVeen JD, Cyders MA. Beliefs about the direct comparison of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. Substance use & misuse. 2017;52(8):982-91.
  • Sawdey MD, Hancock L, Messner M, Prom-Wormley EC. Assessing the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Exposure to Social Media in College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Substance use & misuse. 2017;52(14):1910-7.
  • Jamal A, Gentzke A, Hu SS, Cullen KA, Apelberg BJ, Homa DM, et al. Tobacco use among middle and high school students—United States, 2011–2016. MMWR Morbidity and mortality weekly report. 2017;66(23):597.
  • Schoenborn CA, Clarke TC. QuickStats: Percentage of Adults Who Ever Used an E-cigarette and Percentage Who Currently Use E-cigarettes, by Age Group-National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2016 (vol 66, pg 892, 2016). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2017;66(44):1238-.
  • Control CfD, Prevention. Quick Stats: Cigarette Smoking Status Among Current Adult E-Cigarette Users, by Age Group—National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2016;65(42):1177.
  • Choi K, Forster JL. Beliefs and experimentation with electronic cigarettes: a prospective analysis among young adults. American journal of preventive medicine. 2014;46(2):175-8.
  • Tan AS, Mello S, Sanders‐Jackson A, Bigman CA. Knowledge about Chemicals in e‐Cigarette Secondhand Vapor and Perceived Harms of Exposure among a National Sample of US Adults. Risk Analysis. 2017;37(6):1170-80.
  • Mello S, Bigman CA, Sanders-Jackson A, Tan AS. Perceived harm of secondhand electronic cigarette vapors and policy support to restrict public vaping: results from a national survey of US adults. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2015;18(5):686-93.
  • Etter J-F. Electronic cigarettes: a survey of users. BMC public health. 2010;10(1):231.
  • Etter JF, Bullen C. Electronic cigarette: users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy. Addiction. 2011;106(11):2017-28.
  • Adkison SE, O'Connor RJ, Bansal-Travers M, Hyland A, Borland R, Yong H-H, et al. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey. American journal of preventive medicine. 2013;44(3):207-15.
  • Regan AK, Promoff G, Dube SR, Arrazola R. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: adult use and awareness of the ‘e-cigarette’in the USA. Tobacco control. 2011:tobaccocontrol-2011-050044.
  • Pearson JL, Richardson A, Niaura RS, Vallone DM, Abrams DB. e-Cigarette awareness, use, and harm perceptions in US adults. American journal of public health. 2012;102(9):1758-66.
  • Popova L, Ling PM. Alternative tobacco product use and smoking cessation: a national study. American journal of public health. 2013;103(5):923-30.
  • Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, Morjaria JB, Caruso M, Russo C, et al. EffiCiency and Safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. PloS one. 2013;8(6):e66317.
  • Siegel MB, Tanwar KL, Wood KS. Electronic cigarettes as a smoking-cessation tool: results from an online survey. American journal of preventive medicine. 2011;40(4):472-5.
  • Choi K, Bestrashniy J, Forster J. Trends in Awareness, Use of, and Beliefs About Electronic Cigarette and Snus Among a Longitudinal Cohort of US Midwest Young Adults. Nicotine and Tobacco Research. 2017;20(2):239-45.
  • Kalkhoran S, Glantz SA. E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2016;4(2):116-28.
  • Bullen C, Howe C, Laugesen M, McRobbie H, Parag V, Williman J, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2013;382(9905):1629-37.
  • Elektronik Sigara (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı İlaç ve Eczacılık Genel Müdürlüğü 22.01.2008/4646) [Available from: http://www.aeo.org.tr/DuyuruModulu/Duyurular/Details/4308?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1; access date:12.03.2018.
  • Elektronik sigaralara ilişkin, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı [Available from: http://www2.tbmm.gov.tr/d24/7/7-19613sgc.pdf; access date:12.03.2018

ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE (E-CIGARETTE)

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 55 - 62, 04.10.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Brown J, Beard E, Kotz D, Michie S, West R. Real‐world effectiveness of e‐cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross‐sectional population study. Addiction. 2014;109(9):1531-40.
  • Vansickel AR, Cobb CO, Weaver MF, Eissenberg TE. A clinical laboratory model for evaluating the acute effects of electronic “cigarettes”: nicotine delivery profile and cardiovascular and subjective effects. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers. 2010;19(8):1945-53.
  • Fairchild AL, Bayer R, Colgrove J. The renormalization of smoking? E-cigarettes and the tobacco “endgame”. New England Journal of Medicine. 2014;370(4):293-5.
  • Organization WH. Backgrounder on WHO report on regulation of e-cigarettes and similar products. Geneva: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health. 2014.
  • Cheng T. Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes. Tobacco control. 2014;23(suppl 2):ii11-ii7.
  • Gilbert HA. Smokeless non-tobacco cigarette. Google Patents; 1965.
  • Dawkins L, Turner J, Roberts A, Soar K. ‘Vaping’profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users. Addiction. 2013;108(6):1115-25.
  • Börekçi Ş, Bilir N, Karlıkaya C, Grubu TTÇ. Yeni Bir Mücadele Alanı: Elektronik Sigara. Eurasian Journal of Pulmonology. 2015.
  • McQueen A, Tower S, Sumner W. Interviews with “vapers”: implications for future research with electronic cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2011;13(9):860-7.
  • CDC, Electronic Cigarettes [Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/index.htm, access date:02.03.2018.
  • Hershberger AR, Karyadi KA, VanderVeen JD, Cyders MA. Beliefs about the direct comparison of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. Substance use & misuse. 2017;52(8):982-91.
  • Sawdey MD, Hancock L, Messner M, Prom-Wormley EC. Assessing the Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Exposure to Social Media in College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Substance use & misuse. 2017;52(14):1910-7.
  • Jamal A, Gentzke A, Hu SS, Cullen KA, Apelberg BJ, Homa DM, et al. Tobacco use among middle and high school students—United States, 2011–2016. MMWR Morbidity and mortality weekly report. 2017;66(23):597.
  • Schoenborn CA, Clarke TC. QuickStats: Percentage of Adults Who Ever Used an E-cigarette and Percentage Who Currently Use E-cigarettes, by Age Group-National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2016 (vol 66, pg 892, 2016). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2017;66(44):1238-.
  • Control CfD, Prevention. Quick Stats: Cigarette Smoking Status Among Current Adult E-Cigarette Users, by Age Group—National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2015. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2016;65(42):1177.
  • Choi K, Forster JL. Beliefs and experimentation with electronic cigarettes: a prospective analysis among young adults. American journal of preventive medicine. 2014;46(2):175-8.
  • Tan AS, Mello S, Sanders‐Jackson A, Bigman CA. Knowledge about Chemicals in e‐Cigarette Secondhand Vapor and Perceived Harms of Exposure among a National Sample of US Adults. Risk Analysis. 2017;37(6):1170-80.
  • Mello S, Bigman CA, Sanders-Jackson A, Tan AS. Perceived harm of secondhand electronic cigarette vapors and policy support to restrict public vaping: results from a national survey of US adults. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2015;18(5):686-93.
  • Etter J-F. Electronic cigarettes: a survey of users. BMC public health. 2010;10(1):231.
  • Etter JF, Bullen C. Electronic cigarette: users profile, utilization, satisfaction and perceived efficacy. Addiction. 2011;106(11):2017-28.
  • Adkison SE, O'Connor RJ, Bansal-Travers M, Hyland A, Borland R, Yong H-H, et al. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey. American journal of preventive medicine. 2013;44(3):207-15.
  • Regan AK, Promoff G, Dube SR, Arrazola R. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: adult use and awareness of the ‘e-cigarette’in the USA. Tobacco control. 2011:tobaccocontrol-2011-050044.
  • Pearson JL, Richardson A, Niaura RS, Vallone DM, Abrams DB. e-Cigarette awareness, use, and harm perceptions in US adults. American journal of public health. 2012;102(9):1758-66.
  • Popova L, Ling PM. Alternative tobacco product use and smoking cessation: a national study. American journal of public health. 2013;103(5):923-30.
  • Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, Morjaria JB, Caruso M, Russo C, et al. EffiCiency and Safety of an eLectronic cigAreTte (ECLAT) as tobacco cigarettes substitute: a prospective 12-month randomized control design study. PloS one. 2013;8(6):e66317.
  • Siegel MB, Tanwar KL, Wood KS. Electronic cigarettes as a smoking-cessation tool: results from an online survey. American journal of preventive medicine. 2011;40(4):472-5.
  • Choi K, Bestrashniy J, Forster J. Trends in Awareness, Use of, and Beliefs About Electronic Cigarette and Snus Among a Longitudinal Cohort of US Midwest Young Adults. Nicotine and Tobacco Research. 2017;20(2):239-45.
  • Kalkhoran S, Glantz SA. E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2016;4(2):116-28.
  • Bullen C, Howe C, Laugesen M, McRobbie H, Parag V, Williman J, et al. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2013;382(9905):1629-37.
  • Elektronik Sigara (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı İlaç ve Eczacılık Genel Müdürlüğü 22.01.2008/4646) [Available from: http://www.aeo.org.tr/DuyuruModulu/Duyurular/Details/4308?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1; access date:12.03.2018.
  • Elektronik sigaralara ilişkin, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı [Available from: http://www2.tbmm.gov.tr/d24/7/7-19613sgc.pdf; access date:12.03.2018
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Saniye Göktaş

Muhammed Fatih Önsüz Bu kişi benim

Burhanettin Işıklı Bu kişi benim

Selma Metintaş Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Ekim 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Ağustos 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Göktaş S, Önsüz MF, Işıklı B, Metintaş S. ELEKTRONİK SİGARA (E-SİGARA) - ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE (E-CIGARETTE). ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2018;3(3):55-62.

Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi

Crossref Content Registration logo

Dergimiz Açık Erişim Politikasını benimsemiş olup dergimize gönderilen yayınlar için gerek değerlendirme gerekse yayınlama dahil yazarlardan hiçbir ücret talep edilmemektedir. 

by-nc.eu.png

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.