KAYSERİ İL MERKEZİNDE PREMENSTRÜEL SENDROM SIKLIĞI VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 287 - 299, 29.10.2023

Serpil Poyrazoğlu , Osman Günay

https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.1353826

Öz

Premenstrüel sendrom (PMS), oldukça sık görülen bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. PMS’li kadınların çoğunluğu, yakınmalarının normal olduğunu düşünerek sağlık örgütlerine başvurmaktan kaçındıkları için sorunun boyutlarını belirlemek güçtür. Bu çalışma, üreme çağındaki kadınlarda PMS ve semptomlarının sıklığını ve çeşitli faktörlerle ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kesitsel araştırma şeklinde planlanan çalışmamızda Kayseri il merkezinde bulunan 203 ebe bölgesinden rastgele seçilen 34 bölgeye ait hane kayıtları kullanılarak, her ebe bölgesinden bir hane rastgele seçilmiş, seçilen her haneden başlamak üzere 15–49 yaş kadınlar 50 kişiye ulaşıncaya kadar ardışık olarak örnekleme alınmıştır. Araştırmaya alınan 1019 kadına 52 sorudan oluşan anket formu ve Premenstrüel Sendrom Ölçeği (PMSÖ) ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde unpaired t testi, tek yönlü ANOVA (post hoc Tukey), Ki-kare testi ve Pearson korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların ortalama PMS puanı 102,9±35,1, PMS prevalansı %39,8 olarak bulunmuştur. Sigara içenlerde, genel sağlık algısı kötü olanlarda, ev dışında çalışanlarda, dismenoresi olanlarda ve annesinde veya kız kardeşinde PMS yakınmaları olanlarda PMS sıklığı daha fazladır (p<0,05). Yaş, öğrenim düzeyi, ekonomik durum ve evlilik durumu ile PMS sıklığı arasında ilişki bulunmadı. Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların yaklaşık %40’ında PMS vardır. PMS sıklığı ile sigara içme, çalışma durumu, dismenore, genel sağlık algısı ve yakın akrabalarda PMS öyküsü arasında ilişki vardır. PMS yakınmaları olan kadınların sağlık örgütlerine başvurmaları ve gerekli tıbbi yardımı almaları sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Premenstrüel sendrom, sosyodemografik faktörler, üreme çağındaki kadınlar

PREVALENCE OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME IN THE PROVINCIAL CENTER OF KAYSERİ AND RELATED FACTORS

Öz

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a very common public health problem. It is difficult to determine the dimensions of the problem, as the majority of women with PMS avoid applying to health organizations, thinking that their complaints are normal. This investigation has been performed in order to determine the frequency of PMS and its symptoms in reproductive age women and their relationship with various factors. Using the household records of 34 randomly selected regions from 203 midwives in the city center of Kayseri, one household was randomly selected from each midwife region, and women aged 15-49 were sampled consecutively, starting from each selected household, until they reached 50 people. A questionnaire consisting of 52 questions and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) scale were applied to 1019 women included in the study. Unpaired t test, one way ANOVA (post hoc Tukey), Chi-square test, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analyses. Mean PMS score of the participants was 102.9±35.1 and prevalence of PMS was 39.8%. Prevalence rate of PMS is higher in smokers, those with poor general health perception, those who work outside the home, those with dysmenorrhea, and those whose mothers or sisters have PMS complaints (p<0.05). No relationship was found between age, education level, economic status, marital status, and the frequency of PMS. Approximately 40% of the women included in the study have PMS. There is a relation between prevalence rate of PMS and smoking, employment status, dysmenorrhea, general health perception, and a history of PMS in close relatives. The women having PMS should be encouraged to consult a physician and to take relevant medical care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Premenstrual syndrome, sociodemographic factors, woman of reproductive age

Kaynakça

• Parker PD. Premenstrual Syndrome. Am Fam Physician 1994 Nov 1;50(6): 1309-17,1323-4 Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7942429/
• Halbreich U. The diagnosis of PMS/PMDD . In; O’brein Sauhn PM, Rapkin JA, Schmidt J.P. (eds) The Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD. 1 nd ed. UK 2007; pp. 8-19.
• Reid LR, Van Vugt DA. Physiology of the menstrual cycle The Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD. In; O’brein Sauhn PM, Rapkin JA, Schmidt JP (eds) The Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD.1 nd ed. UK 2007; pp. 63-68.
• Speroff L, Glass HR, Kase GN. Menstruel Disorders. In; Mıtchell C (ed), Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertılıty.6 nd ed. USA 1999; pp.557-569.
• Bloch M, Schmidt P J, Rubinow D R. Premenstrual syndrome: evidence for symptom stability across cycles. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154:1741-6. doi:10.1176/ajp.154.12.1741.
• Simkin RJ Premenstrual syndrome: Approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Can Fam Physician. 1985(cited 2007);October:31:1959-67. Available from: https://europepmc.org/article/med/21274209
• Gerbie VM. Complications of Menstruatıon; Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.In; DeCherney A.H, Pernoll M.L (eds), Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis and Treatment (8 nd ed). United States, 1994; pp. 662-670.
• Havens, CS, Sullivan, ND, Tilton, P. Manual of Outpatient Gynecology. Third Edition. Little, Brown and Company, 1996; Ch:15.
• American Psychiactric Association, APA DSM IV-TR Mental Bozuklukların Tanı Ölçütleri El Kitabı, (Çev: Köroğlu, E.) 1994; pp. 456.
• Logue CM, Moos RH. Perimenstrual Symptoms: Prevalance and Risk Factors. Psychosom. Med. 1986 Jul-Aug;48(6):388-414. doi:10.1097/00006842-198607000-00002.
• Gençdoğan B. Premenstruel sendrom için yeni bir ölçek. Türkiye’de Psikiyatri 2006:8:81-7. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/tr/yayin/detay/65289/
• Deuster PA, Adera T, South-Paul J. Biological, social, and behavioral factors associated with premenstrual syndrome. Available from Arch Fam Med. 1999;8(2):122–8. doi:10.1001/archfami.8.2.122.
• Johnson SR, McChesney C, Bean JA. Epidemiology of premenstrual symptoms in a nonclinical sample. I. Prevalence, natural history and help-seeking behavior. J Reprod Med. 1988;33(4):340–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3367333/
• Tabassum S, Afridi B, Aman Z, et al. Premenstrual syndrome: frequency and severity in young college girls. J Pak Med Assoc. 2005;55(12):546–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16438276/
• Silva CM, Gigante DP, Minten GC. Premenstrual symptoms and syndrome according to age at menarche in a 1982 birth cohort in southern Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2008 April;24(4):835-44. doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2008000400014.
• İnce N. Adolesan Dönemde Premenstruel Sendrom. T Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2001;21(5):369-73. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/16487/
• Karavuş M, Cebeci D, Bakırcı M, Hayran O. Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Premenstruel sendrom, T Klin. Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi. 1997;17(3):184-90. Available from: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-universite-ogrencilerinde-premenstruel-sendrom-7135.html
• Yücel U, Bilge A, Oran N, et al. The prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its relationship with depression risk in adolescents. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2009;10:55-61. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264044542
• Er S, Şen S, Taşpınar A, Şirin A. Lisansüstü Eğitime Devam Eden Evli Kadınların Üreme Sağlığı Sorunları ve Etkileyen Faktörler TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2008;7(3):231-36. Available from: https://docplayer.biz.tr/19256328-Taf-preventive-medicine-bulletin-2008-7-3.html
• Halbreich U, Borenstein J, Pearlstein T, Kahn LS. The prevalence, impairment, impact, and burden of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMS/PMDD). P s y c h o n e u r o e n d o c r i n o l o g y . 2003;28:1–23. doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00098-2.
• Freeman, EW. Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: definitions and diagnosis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2003;28:25–37. doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00099-4.
• Janiger O, Riffenburgh R, Kersh R. Cross cultural study of premenstrual syndrome. Psychosomatics. 1972;13:226-35. doi:10.1016/S0033-3182(72)71414-0.
• Wyatt KM, Dimmock PW, Hayes-Gill B, Crowe J, O’Brien PM. Menstrual symptometrics: a simple computer-aided method to quantify menstrual cycle disorders. Fertil Steril. 2002;78:96–101. doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03161-8.
• Teng CT, Filho AH, Artes R, Gorenstein C, Andrade LH, Wang YP. Premenstrual dysphoric symptoms amongst Brazilian college students: factor structure and methodological appraisal. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005;255:51-6. doi:10.1007/s00406-004-0535-9.
• Danacı EA, Taşkın O, Koltan SO, Uyar Y. Premenstrüel disforik bozuklukta semptomatolojinin adet döngüsüyle ilişkisi Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2001;2:15-20. Available from: https://alpha-psychiatry.com/en/premenstruel-disforik-bozuklukta-semptomatolojinin-adet-dongusuyle-iliskisi-132535
• Adıgüzel H, Taşkın OE, Danacı AE. Manisa İlinde Premenstrüel Sendrom Belirti Örüntüsü ve Belirti Yaygınlığının Araştırılması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2007;18(3):215-22. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/72502/
• Freeman, EW. The clinical presentation and course of premenstrual symptoms In; O’brein Sauhn PM, Rapkin JA, Schmidt JP (eds). The Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD (1 nd ed) Informa UK 2007; pp. 55-61.
• Chayachinda C,Rattanachaiyanont M, Phattharayuttawat S, Kooptiwoot S. Premenstrual syndrome in Thai nurses. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;29:199-205. doi:10.1080/01674820801970306.
• Khella AK. Epidemiologic Study of Premenstrual Symptoms. J. Egypt Public Health Assoc. 1992;67:109-18. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1295940/
• Silva CM, Gigante DP, Carret ML, Fassa AG. Population study of premenstrual syndrome. Rev Saude Publica. 2006;40:47-56. doi:10.1590/s0034-89102006000100009.
• Wilson CA, Turner CW, Keye WR. Jr. Firstborn adolescent daughters and mothers with and without premenstrual syndrome: acomparison. J Adolesc Health. 1991;12:130-7. doi:10.1016/0197-0070(91)90455-u.
• Berkow R, Fletcher AJ. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. (16nd ed). Merck & Co. Inc. Rahway, N.J. 1992; pp. 1791-1792.
• Haywood A, Slade P, King H. Psychosocial associates of premenstrual symptoms and the moderating role of social support in a community sample. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2007;62:9–13. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.07.024.
• Epperson NC, Amin Z, Mason GF. Pathophysiology II: neuroimaging, GABA, and the menstrual cycle In; O’brein Sauhn PM, Rapkin J.A, Schmidt J.P (eds) The Premenstrual Syndromes: PMS and PMDD. Informa UK, (1 nd ed) 2007; pp. 99-109.
• Bertone-Johnson ER, Hankinson SE, Johnson SR, Manson JE. Cigarette smoking and the development of premenstrual syndrome. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;15:938-45. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn194.
• Gold EB, Bair Y, Block G, Greendale GA, Harlow SD, Johnson S, et al. Diet and lifestyle factors associated with premenstrual symptoms in a racially diverse community sample: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007;16:641-56. doi:10.1089/jwh.2006.0202.
• Rossignol, AM. Caffeine-containing beverages and premenstrual syndrome in young women. Am J Public Health. 1985;75:1335-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.75.11.1335.
• Caan B, Duncan D, Hiatt R, Lewis J, Armstrong MA. Association between alcoholic and caffeinated beverages and premenstrual syndrome. J Reprod Med. 1993;38:630-6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8410870/
• Heinemann LA, Minh TD, Filonenko A, Uhl-Hochgräber K. Explorative evaluation of the impact of severe premenstrual disorders on work absenteeism and productivity. Womens Health Issues. 2010;20:58-65. doi:10.1016/j.whi.2009.09.005.
• Çıtak N, Terzioğlu F. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören kız öğrencilerin primer dismenoreye ilişkin bilgi ve uygulamaları. Sağlık ve Toplum Dergisi. 2002;12:69-80. Available from: https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/18868/