UYARLANABİLİR EĞİTSEL İÇERİKLİ WEB ORTAMLARININ TASARIM İLKELERİ: ÖĞRENEN MODELİ

Öz

Uyarlanabilir çevrimiçi öğrenme ortamlarında öğrenen modeline yönelik tasarım ilkelerinin belirlendiği çalışma, karma yöntemli karşılaştırmalı türden ilişkisel tarama modeli deseninde tasarlanmıştır. İlkelerinin belirlenme süreci, bağıl önemlilik ve bulguların sağlamlığı olmak üzere iki boyutta gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlkelerin geliştirilmesi ve ilkelere yönelik bağıl önemliliğin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi Delphi yönteminde faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen ilkelere yönelik bulguların sağlamlığının belirlenmesi amacıyla, alanyazın taraması sonucu elde edilen araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi ile birlikte bulguların sağlamlığı değerlendirme ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. Geleneksel Delphi çalışmasına kıyasla önceden tanımlanmış daha yapılandırılmış bir ilk anket turunu içeren çalışmada, 90 (%92) uzmanın yanıtları geçerli sayılmış ve bu uzmanlar çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. İlkelerin belirlenmesinde aritmetik ortalama, ilk çeyrek kayma, standart sapmadan yararlanılan çalışmanın ilk turunda uzmanlarca 17 ilke belirlenmiş, 15 ilke üzerinde uzmanların uzlaşıya ulaşmalarıyla dört tur uygulanan Delphi yöntemi son bulmuştur. Ayrıca, uygulama sonucunda elde edilen ilkelerin tamamına yönelik, güvenilirlik analizi (Croanbach Alpha) ve sınıf-içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Delphi yöntemiyle belirlenen ilkeler doğrultusunda, öğrenen modelleye ilişkin 480 araştırma içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiş ve bulguların sağlamlığı ölçütlerine göre kategorik değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda uzmanların bağıl önemlilik ölçütlerine göre, 13 ilkede neredeyse mükemmel uzlaşma ve 2 ilkede ise önemli derecede uzlaşma sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Bulguların sağlamlığı değerlendirme ölçütlerine göre yapılan kategorik değerlendirme sonucunda ise, 14 ilkede güçlü araştırma desteği ve 1 ilkede ise orta dereceli (yeterli) araştırma desteği sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma sonucunda elde edilen gözlemciler arası uyumunun (ICC=.926) yüksek düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen ilkeler gerek alanyazın gerekse alan uzmanlarının ortak eğilimlerini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• uyarlanabilir,uyarlanabilir öğrenme,uyarlanabilir öğrenme ortamları,öğrenen modeli,yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi delphi yöntemi

THE DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF WEB ENVIRONMENTS WITH ADAPTIVE EDUCATIONAL CONTENT: LEARNER MODEL

Öz

This study, which aimed at determining the design principles towards the learner model in adaptive online learning environments, employed relational screening model. Determination of the principles was performed in two phases which are relative importance and robustness in the findings. Modified online Delphi method was utilised to develop the principles and to determine the relative importance. In order to assess the robustness in the findings, for the analysis of the data that were obtained by literature review, content analysis and evaluation criteria for the robustness of the findings was used. In the study, which involved a predefined and more structured first lap of survey, the responses of 90 experts (92%) were considered valid and they constituted the study group. During the first lap of the study, 17 principles were identified by utilising arithmetic mean, first quartile deviation and standard deviation, and the Delphi method ended after the consensus of the experts on 15 principles after four laps. Furthermore, the values of reliability analysis (Croanbach Alpha) and intraclass coefficient of correlation (ICC) of the principles were calculated. In accordance with the principles which were determined by using Delphi method, 480 studies related to learner model were analysed by using content analysis, and categorical assessment was done by considering the robustness in the findings. The criterion for the relative importance of the experts showed almost excellent agreement on all 13 principles and significant agreement on 2 principles. After the categorical evaluation of the robustness in the findings, it was noted that 14 principles showed strong research support and 1 principle showed moderate (sufficient) research support. Moreover, the agreement on principles between the observers (ICC=.926) was found high. The principles obtained through the study indicate the common inclinations both in the literature and of the domain experts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• adaptive,adaptive learning,adaptive learning environments,learner model,modified online delphi method

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