UYARLANABİLİR EĞİTSEL İÇERİKLİ WEB ORTAMLARININ TASARIM İLKELERİ: ÖĞRENEN MODELİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 320 - 345, 22.01.2018

Levent Çetinkaya , Hafize Keser

https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.356301

Öz

Uyarlanabilir çevrimiçi öğrenme ortamlarında öğrenen
modeline yönelik tasarım ilkelerinin belirlendiği çalışma, karma yöntemli
karşılaştırmalı türden ilişkisel tarama modeli deseninde tasarlanmıştır. İlkelerinin
belirlenme süreci, bağıl önemlilik ve bulguların sağlamlığı olmak üzere iki
boyutta gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlkelerin geliştirilmesi ve ilkelere yönelik
bağıl önemliliğin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi Delphi
yönteminde faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen ilkelere yönelik bulguların
sağlamlığının belirlenmesi amacıyla, alanyazın taraması sonucu elde edilen
araştırma verilerinin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi ile birlikte bulguların
sağlamlığı değerlendirme ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. Geleneksel Delphi
çalışmasına kıyasla önceden tanımlanmış daha yapılandırılmış bir ilk anket turunu
içeren çalışmada, 90 (%92) uzmanın yanıtları geçerli sayılmış ve bu uzmanlar
çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. İlkelerin belirlenmesinde aritmetik ortalama,
ilk çeyrek kayma, standart sapmadan yararlanılan çalışmanın ilk turunda
uzmanlarca 17 ilke belirlenmiş, 15 ilke üzerinde uzmanların uzlaşıya
ulaşmalarıyla dört tur uygulanan Delphi yöntemi son bulmuştur. Ayrıca, uygulama
sonucunda elde edilen ilkelerin tamamına yönelik, güvenilirlik analizi
(Croanbach Alpha) ve sınıf-içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC) değerleri
hesaplanmıştır. Delphi yöntemiyle belirlenen ilkeler
doğrultusunda, öğrenen modelleye ilişkin 480 araştırma içerik analizi ile
çözümlenmiş ve bulguların sağlamlığı ölçütlerine göre kategorik değerlendirme
yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda uzmanların bağıl önemlilik ölçütlerine göre,
13 ilkede neredeyse mükemmel uzlaşma ve 2 ilkede ise önemli derecede uzlaşma
sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Bulguların sağlamlığı değerlendirme ölçütlerine göre
yapılan kategorik değerlendirme sonucunda ise, 14 ilkede güçlü araştırma
desteği ve 1 ilkede ise orta dereceli (yeterli) araştırma desteği sağlandığı
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma sonucunda elde edilen gözlemciler arası
uyumunun (ICC=.926) yüksek düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada elde
edilen ilkeler gerek alanyazın gerekse alan uzmanlarının ortak eğilimlerini
göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

uyarlanabilir, uyarlanabilir öğrenme, uyarlanabilir öğrenme ortamları, öğrenen modeli, yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi delphi yöntemi

THE DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF WEB ENVIRONMENTS WITH ADAPTIVE EDUCATIONAL CONTENT: LEARNER MODEL

Öz

This study,
which aimed at determining the design principles towards the learner model in
adaptive online learning environments, employed relational screening model. Determination
of the principles was performed in two phases which are relative importance and
robustness in the findings. Modified online Delphi method was utilised to
develop the principles and to determine the relative importance. In order to
assess the robustness in the findings, for the analysis of the data that were obtained
by literature review, content analysis and evaluation criteria for the
robustness of the findings was used. In the study, which involved a predefined
and more structured first lap of survey, the responses of 90 experts (92%) were
considered valid and they constituted the study group. During the first lap of the
study, 17 principles were identified by utilising arithmetic mean, first
quartile deviation and standard deviation, and the Delphi method ended after the
consensus of the experts on 15 principles after four laps. Furthermore, the
values of reliability analysis (Croanbach Alpha) and intraclass coefficient of
correlation (ICC) of the principles were calculated. In accordance with the
principles which were determined by using Delphi method, 480 studies related to
learner model were analysed by using content analysis, and categorical
assessment was done by considering the robustness in the findings. The criterion
for the relative importance of the experts showed almost excellent agreement on
all 13 principles and significant agreement on 2 principles. After the
categorical evaluation of the robustness in the findings, it was noted that 14
principles showed strong research support and 1 principle showed moderate
(sufficient) research support. Moreover, the agreement on principles between
the observers (ICC=.926) was found high. The principles obtained through the
study indicate the common inclinations both in the literature and of the domain
experts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

adaptive, adaptive learning, adaptive learning environments, learner model, modified online delphi method

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