Polonya’da Avrupalılaşma: Katılım Öncesi ve Sonrası Dönemde Avrupa Birliği Perspektifinden Hukukun Üstünlüğü

Öz

Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği’nin Polonya’ya ilişkin hukukun üstünlüğü söylemlerini; İlerleme Raporları ile Hukukun Üstünlüğü Raporları çerçevesinde ele alarak şeffaflık, yolsuzlukla mücadele ve yargı bağımsızlığı temelinde incelemektedir. Çalışmada, içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Komisyon’un katılım öncesi ve katılım sonrasında Polonya’ya dair yayımladığı toplam 12 adet rapor analiz edilmiştir. Bu raporlarda hukukun üstünlüğüne yönelik olarak belirlenen konular kapsamında hem niceliksel değişim hem de bu değişimin söylemlere nasıl yansıdığı incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda yolsuzlukla mücadele ve şeffaflık konularının zamanla derinleştiği, yargı bağımsızlığının ise özellikle katılım sonrası süreçte bir hukukun üstünlüğü krizine dönüştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, Avrupalılaşmanın Polonya örneğinde dinamik, doğrusal olmayan bir perspektifte gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Komisyonu
• Avrupalılaşma
• Hukukun üstünlüğü
• Polonya

Europeanization in Poland: The Rule of Law From an European Union Perspective Before and After Accession

Öz

This article examines the European Union's discourse on the rule of law in Poland, within the framework of the Progress Reports and Rule of Law Reports, focusing on transparency, the fight against corruption, and judicial independence. The study employs a content analysis methodology and is based on 12 reports published by the European Commission concerning Poland, covering both the pre-accession and postaccession periods. In these reports, both the quantitative changes in the issues identified regarding the rule of law and how these changes are reflected in discourse have been examined. The findings indicate that issues of anti-corruption and transparency have deepened over time, while judicial independence has evolved into a rule of law crisis, particularly in the post-accession period. The findings demonstrate that Europeanization in the Polish context has occurred from a dynamic, non-linear perspective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Commission
• Europeanization
• Rule of law
• Poland

Kaynakça

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