Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 121 - 132, 15.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine democracy perception of classroom teachers via metaphor analysis. Study group for research is formed of 253 classroom teachers. “Democracy Metaphors Questionnaire” (DMQ) has been used in collecting data. Content analysis has been used on analysis of qualitative data of research and descriptive statistics have been used on quantitative data. The metaphors that teachers developed with a total 122 metaphor different from one another about democracy are gathered under “Indispensability”, “Equality”, “Social Order”, “Freedom”, “Endeavour”, “Power”, “Variety”, “Progression”, “Conservation”, “Personal Gains” and “Nothingness”. While first three themes under which women teachers gathered being indispensability, equality and endeavour metaphors, men teachers are gathered under indispensability, social order and freedom metaphors. Family environment and upbringing, relations with friends, culture of social environment, political activities in society and news in media tools have been the effective factors in forming democracy perception that the teachers possess.

Kaynakça

  • Albayrak, E., Albayrak, S., Kucukyilmaz, M. M., & Guven, S. (2011). Toplumun, kultur politikalari ve medyanin kulturel sureclere etki algisi arastirmasi [A study about cultural politics of society and the influence of media on cultural processes]. Retrieved from http://www.sinema.gov.tr/
  • Anyon, J. (1983). Intersections of gender and class: Accommodation and resistance by working class and affluent females to contradictory sex-role ideologies. In S. Walker & L. Barton (Eds.), Gender class & education (p. 19-38). USA: The Falmer.
  • Apple, M. W., & Beane, J. A. (2011). Demokratik okullar [Democratic schools]. (Translation. M. Sari). Ankara: Dipnot Yayinlari.
  • Arslan, A. (2006). Medyanin birey, toplum ve kultur uzerine etkileri [The influence of media on individuals, culture and society]. International Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1) 1-12.
  • Branson, M. S. (2004). Education for citizenship and the teaching of democracy in schools. International Symposium on Democracy Education, Canakkale, Turkiye, 2004.
  • Burden, P. R. (1995). Classroom management and discipline. NY: Longman.
  • Buyukkaragoz, S. (1990). Demokrasi egitimi [Democracy education]. Ankara: Turk Demokrasi Vakfi.
  • Coronel, S. (2001). The role of media in deepening democracy. Retrieved from http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan010194.pdf
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five traditions. California: Sage.
  • Celebi, F. (1997). Kisilik haklarindan kisinin ozel yasami ve gizliliklerinin ihlali ve korunmasi [Violation and protection of personal life and privacy of the person]. Kocaeli Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi, 1, 271-296.
  • Dewey, J. (1996). Demokrasi ve egitim [Democracy and education]. (Translation. Y. Yilmaz). Izmir: Ege Universitesi Basimevi.
  • Doganay, A., & Sari, M. (2004). Ilkogretim ikinci kademe ogrencilerine temel demokratik degerlerin kazandirilma duzeyi ve bu degerlerin kazandirilmasi surecinde acik ve ortuk programin etkilerinin karsilastirilmasi [Elementary school students' devotion level to democratic values and comparison of the effect of overt and hidden curriculum -on gaining democratic values in terms of students and teachers opinions]. Egitim Yonetimi, 10(39) 356 – 383.
  • Doganay, A. (2009). Degerler egitimi [Values education]. In C. Ozturk (Ed.), Sosyal bilgiler ogretimi [Teaching social studies] (p. 223-256), Ankara: PegemA Yayincilik.
  • Doyle, W. (1986). Classroom organization and management. M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (p.392-431). New York: Mc. Millan.
  • Dworkin, A. G., Saha, L. J., & Hill, A. N. (2003). Teacher burnout and perceptions of a democratic school environment. International Educational Journal, 4 (2), 108-120.
  • Erden, M., & Akman, Y. (1995). Egitim psikolojisi, gelisim-ogrenme-ogretme [Educational psychology, development-learning-teaching]. Ankara: Arkadas Yayinevi.
  • Erdogan, I. (1999). Isletmelerde davranis [Behavior in businesses]. Istanbul: Evrim Yayinevi.
  • Goodlad, J. I. (1997). In praise of education. New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Gursimsek, I., & Goregenli, M. (2004). Ogretmen adaylari ve ogretmenlerde demokratik tutumlar, degerler ve demokrasiye iliskin inanclar [Democratic attitudes, values and beliefs about democracy in teacher candidates and teachers]. Uluslararasi Demokrasi Egitimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabi, 77-85.
  • Hartnett, A., & Naish, M. (1993). Democracy, teachers and the struggle for education: An essay in the political economy of teacher education. Curriculum Studies1 (3), 335-348, Doi Number: 10.1080/0965975930010303
  • Hokelekli, H., & Gunduz, T. (2004). Ustun yetenekli cocuklarin deger yonelimleri [Value orientation of gifted children]. Degerler ve Egitimi Uluslararasi Sempozyumu, Istanbul: Degerler Egitimi Merkezi, 26-28 November 2004.
  • Inceoglu, M. (1993). Tutum, algi, iletisim [Attitude, perception, communication]. Ankara: V Yayinlari.
  • Kagitcibasi, C. (2005). Yeni insan ve insanlar [New human and people]. Istanbul: Evrim Matbaacilik.
  • Kara, T. (2011). Gorsel medyanin aile bireyleri uzerindeki etkisi uzerine bir arastirma [A research on the effects of visual media on family members]. Retrieved from http://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0021098.pdf
  • Karatekin. K., Merey. Z., & Kus, Z. (2013). Ogretmen adaylari ve ogretmenlerin demokratik tutumlarinin cesitli degiskenler acisindan incelenmesi [Analysis of the democratic attitudes of pre-service teachers and teachers in terms of some variables]. Kastamonu Egitim Dergisi, 21(2) 561-574.
  • Kaya, C. (2013). Sinif ogretmenlerinin sinif yonetimindeki demokratik tutumlarinin incelenmesi. [Examining of democratic attitudes of class teachers in classroom management] (Unpublished master thesis). Ataturk Universitesi, Erzurum.
  • Kesici, A., Pesen, A., & Oral, B. (2017). Examining teachers' democratic behaviors in the classroom according to various variables. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 16(60), 34-45.
  • Kincal, R. Y., & Isik, H. (2003). Demokratik egitim ve demokratik degerler [Democratic education and democratic values]. Egitim Arastirmalari Dergisi, 3(11), 54-58.
  • Kirk, D. (1992). Physical education, discourse and ideology: Bringing the hidden curriculum into view. Quest, 44(1), 34–56.
  • Kocoska, J. (2009). The student’s position in the democratic classroom. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(2009) 2429–2431.
  • Kongar, E. (2007). Demokrasi ve kultur [Democracy and culture]. Istanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.
  • Kurnaz, A. (2011). Ilkogretim ogretmenlerinin yaraticilik duzeyleri ve demokratik tutumlari arasindaki iliskinin degerlendirilmesi [The evaluation of the relationship between the creativity levels of the primary school teachers and their democratic attitudes]. (Unpublished master thesis). Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi, Kahramanmaras.
  • Kucukahmet, L. (2009). Sinif yonetimi [Classroom management]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayincilik.
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2005). Metaforlar, hayat, anlam ve dil [Metaphors we live by]. (Translation. G. Y. Demir). Istanbul: Paradigma Yayinlari.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. London: Sage.
  • Ozcelik, I. (1995). Gorme ozurlu cocuklarin anne-baba tutumlari [Parental attitudes of visually handicapped children]. Yasadikca Egitim Dergisi, 41, 1-85.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research evulation methods. California: Sage.
  • Payne, K. A. (2017). Democratic teacher education in elementary classrooms – Learning about, through, and for thick democracy. The Journal of Social Studies Research, 41(2), 101-115.
  • Pehlivan, H. (1997). Tutumlarin dogasi ve ogretimi [Attitude teaching and the nature of the attitudes]. Cagdas Egitim Dergisi, 22(33) 46-48.
  • Peker, R. (2012). Sinif ogretmenlerinin demokratik tutumlari ile cocuk haklarina yonelik tutumlarinin degerlendirilmesi (Manisa ili ornegi) [The assessment of the class teachers democratic attitudes and attitudes regarding children’s rights (Case Manisa)]. (Unpublished master thesis). Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi, Manisa.
  • Print, M. (2007). Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy. British Journal of Educational Studies, 55(3), 325-345.
  • Rainer, J., & Guyton, E. (1999). Democratic practices in teacher education and the elementary classroom. Teaching and Teacher Education, 15(1999) 121-132.
  • Richardson, V. (1993). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.). Handbook of research on teacher education (p. 102-119). New York: Macmillan.
  • Sadik, F., & Sari, M. (2011). Ogretmen adaylari ve demokrasi: Sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin demokrasi algilarinin metaforlar yoluyla degerlendirilmesi [Teacher candidates and democracy: Evaluation of Teacher candidates’ democracy perception by metaphors]. 10. Ulusal Sinif Ogretmenligi Egitimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabi, 1, 296-303.
  • Samanci, O. (2010). Democracy education in elementary schools. The Social Studies, 101, 30-33.
  • Sari, M., & Sadik, F. (2011). Democracy perception of teacher candidates: Cukurova University example. International Journal of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, 1(2), 67-82.
  • Sari, M. (2007). Demokratik degerlerin kazananimi surecinde ortuk program: dusuk ve yuksek okul yasam kalitesine sahip iki ilkogretim okulunda nitel bir calisma [The effect of hidden curriculum on gaining democratic values: a qualitative study in two elementary schools having low and high quality of school life]. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Cukurova Universitesi, Adana.
  • Shechtman, Z. (2002). Validation of the democratic teacher belief scale (DTBS). Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 9, 363-377.
  • Subba, D. (2014). Democratic values and democratic approach in teaching: A perspective. American Journal of Educational Research, 2(12A), 37-40.
  • Tuncel, I. (2008). Duyussal ozelliklerin gelisimi acisindan fiziki ortamdan kaynaklanan ortuk programin incelenmesi [Investigating hidden curriculum that emerges from the physical setting regarding affective characteristic development]. Balikesir Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 11(20) 26-38.
  • Ustun, G. (2011). Sinif ogretmenlerinin yansitici dusunme egilimleri ile demokratik tutumlari arasindaki iliskinin incelenmesi [Investigate the relationship between the reflective thinking tendency and democratic attitude of class teachers]. (Unpublished master thesis). Marmara Universitesi, Istanbul.
  • Yalcin, B. (2014). Ogretmenlerin demokratik tutumlarinin ogrencilerin deger kazanimlarina etkisi: Erzurum ili ornegi [The effect of teachers' democratic attitudes on students' acquisition of values: Example of the city of Erzurum]. (Unpublished master thesis). Ataturk Universitesi, Erzurum.
  • Yildirim, A., & Simsek, A. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel arastirma yontemleri [Qualitative research methods for the social sciences]. Ankara: Seckin Yayinevi.
  • Yuksel, S. (2004). Ortuk program: Egitimde sakli uygulamalar [Hidden curriculum: Hidden applications in education]. Ankara: Nobel Yayinevi.
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 121 - 132, 15.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Albayrak, E., Albayrak, S., Kucukyilmaz, M. M., & Guven, S. (2011). Toplumun, kultur politikalari ve medyanin kulturel sureclere etki algisi arastirmasi [A study about cultural politics of society and the influence of media on cultural processes]. Retrieved from http://www.sinema.gov.tr/
  • Anyon, J. (1983). Intersections of gender and class: Accommodation and resistance by working class and affluent females to contradictory sex-role ideologies. In S. Walker & L. Barton (Eds.), Gender class & education (p. 19-38). USA: The Falmer.
  • Apple, M. W., & Beane, J. A. (2011). Demokratik okullar [Democratic schools]. (Translation. M. Sari). Ankara: Dipnot Yayinlari.
  • Arslan, A. (2006). Medyanin birey, toplum ve kultur uzerine etkileri [The influence of media on individuals, culture and society]. International Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1) 1-12.
  • Branson, M. S. (2004). Education for citizenship and the teaching of democracy in schools. International Symposium on Democracy Education, Canakkale, Turkiye, 2004.
  • Burden, P. R. (1995). Classroom management and discipline. NY: Longman.
  • Buyukkaragoz, S. (1990). Demokrasi egitimi [Democracy education]. Ankara: Turk Demokrasi Vakfi.
  • Coronel, S. (2001). The role of media in deepening democracy. Retrieved from http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan010194.pdf
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five traditions. California: Sage.
  • Celebi, F. (1997). Kisilik haklarindan kisinin ozel yasami ve gizliliklerinin ihlali ve korunmasi [Violation and protection of personal life and privacy of the person]. Kocaeli Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi, 1, 271-296.
  • Dewey, J. (1996). Demokrasi ve egitim [Democracy and education]. (Translation. Y. Yilmaz). Izmir: Ege Universitesi Basimevi.
  • Doganay, A., & Sari, M. (2004). Ilkogretim ikinci kademe ogrencilerine temel demokratik degerlerin kazandirilma duzeyi ve bu degerlerin kazandirilmasi surecinde acik ve ortuk programin etkilerinin karsilastirilmasi [Elementary school students' devotion level to democratic values and comparison of the effect of overt and hidden curriculum -on gaining democratic values in terms of students and teachers opinions]. Egitim Yonetimi, 10(39) 356 – 383.
  • Doganay, A. (2009). Degerler egitimi [Values education]. In C. Ozturk (Ed.), Sosyal bilgiler ogretimi [Teaching social studies] (p. 223-256), Ankara: PegemA Yayincilik.
  • Doyle, W. (1986). Classroom organization and management. M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (p.392-431). New York: Mc. Millan.
  • Dworkin, A. G., Saha, L. J., & Hill, A. N. (2003). Teacher burnout and perceptions of a democratic school environment. International Educational Journal, 4 (2), 108-120.
  • Erden, M., & Akman, Y. (1995). Egitim psikolojisi, gelisim-ogrenme-ogretme [Educational psychology, development-learning-teaching]. Ankara: Arkadas Yayinevi.
  • Erdogan, I. (1999). Isletmelerde davranis [Behavior in businesses]. Istanbul: Evrim Yayinevi.
  • Goodlad, J. I. (1997). In praise of education. New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Gursimsek, I., & Goregenli, M. (2004). Ogretmen adaylari ve ogretmenlerde demokratik tutumlar, degerler ve demokrasiye iliskin inanclar [Democratic attitudes, values and beliefs about democracy in teacher candidates and teachers]. Uluslararasi Demokrasi Egitimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabi, 77-85.
  • Hartnett, A., & Naish, M. (1993). Democracy, teachers and the struggle for education: An essay in the political economy of teacher education. Curriculum Studies1 (3), 335-348, Doi Number: 10.1080/0965975930010303
  • Hokelekli, H., & Gunduz, T. (2004). Ustun yetenekli cocuklarin deger yonelimleri [Value orientation of gifted children]. Degerler ve Egitimi Uluslararasi Sempozyumu, Istanbul: Degerler Egitimi Merkezi, 26-28 November 2004.
  • Inceoglu, M. (1993). Tutum, algi, iletisim [Attitude, perception, communication]. Ankara: V Yayinlari.
  • Kagitcibasi, C. (2005). Yeni insan ve insanlar [New human and people]. Istanbul: Evrim Matbaacilik.
  • Kara, T. (2011). Gorsel medyanin aile bireyleri uzerindeki etkisi uzerine bir arastirma [A research on the effects of visual media on family members]. Retrieved from http://kutuphane.tuik.gov.tr/pdf/0021098.pdf
  • Karatekin. K., Merey. Z., & Kus, Z. (2013). Ogretmen adaylari ve ogretmenlerin demokratik tutumlarinin cesitli degiskenler acisindan incelenmesi [Analysis of the democratic attitudes of pre-service teachers and teachers in terms of some variables]. Kastamonu Egitim Dergisi, 21(2) 561-574.
  • Kaya, C. (2013). Sinif ogretmenlerinin sinif yonetimindeki demokratik tutumlarinin incelenmesi. [Examining of democratic attitudes of class teachers in classroom management] (Unpublished master thesis). Ataturk Universitesi, Erzurum.
  • Kesici, A., Pesen, A., & Oral, B. (2017). Examining teachers' democratic behaviors in the classroom according to various variables. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 16(60), 34-45.
  • Kincal, R. Y., & Isik, H. (2003). Demokratik egitim ve demokratik degerler [Democratic education and democratic values]. Egitim Arastirmalari Dergisi, 3(11), 54-58.
  • Kirk, D. (1992). Physical education, discourse and ideology: Bringing the hidden curriculum into view. Quest, 44(1), 34–56.
  • Kocoska, J. (2009). The student’s position in the democratic classroom. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(2009) 2429–2431.
  • Kongar, E. (2007). Demokrasi ve kultur [Democracy and culture]. Istanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.
  • Kurnaz, A. (2011). Ilkogretim ogretmenlerinin yaraticilik duzeyleri ve demokratik tutumlari arasindaki iliskinin degerlendirilmesi [The evaluation of the relationship between the creativity levels of the primary school teachers and their democratic attitudes]. (Unpublished master thesis). Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi, Kahramanmaras.
  • Kucukahmet, L. (2009). Sinif yonetimi [Classroom management]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayincilik.
  • Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2005). Metaforlar, hayat, anlam ve dil [Metaphors we live by]. (Translation. G. Y. Demir). Istanbul: Paradigma Yayinlari.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. London: Sage.
  • Ozcelik, I. (1995). Gorme ozurlu cocuklarin anne-baba tutumlari [Parental attitudes of visually handicapped children]. Yasadikca Egitim Dergisi, 41, 1-85.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research evulation methods. California: Sage.
  • Payne, K. A. (2017). Democratic teacher education in elementary classrooms – Learning about, through, and for thick democracy. The Journal of Social Studies Research, 41(2), 101-115.
  • Pehlivan, H. (1997). Tutumlarin dogasi ve ogretimi [Attitude teaching and the nature of the attitudes]. Cagdas Egitim Dergisi, 22(33) 46-48.
  • Peker, R. (2012). Sinif ogretmenlerinin demokratik tutumlari ile cocuk haklarina yonelik tutumlarinin degerlendirilmesi (Manisa ili ornegi) [The assessment of the class teachers democratic attitudes and attitudes regarding children’s rights (Case Manisa)]. (Unpublished master thesis). Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi, Manisa.
  • Print, M. (2007). Citizenship education and youth participation in democracy. British Journal of Educational Studies, 55(3), 325-345.
  • Rainer, J., & Guyton, E. (1999). Democratic practices in teacher education and the elementary classroom. Teaching and Teacher Education, 15(1999) 121-132.
  • Richardson, V. (1993). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.). Handbook of research on teacher education (p. 102-119). New York: Macmillan.
  • Sadik, F., & Sari, M. (2011). Ogretmen adaylari ve demokrasi: Sinif ogretmeni adaylarinin demokrasi algilarinin metaforlar yoluyla degerlendirilmesi [Teacher candidates and democracy: Evaluation of Teacher candidates’ democracy perception by metaphors]. 10. Ulusal Sinif Ogretmenligi Egitimi Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabi, 1, 296-303.
  • Samanci, O. (2010). Democracy education in elementary schools. The Social Studies, 101, 30-33.
  • Sari, M., & Sadik, F. (2011). Democracy perception of teacher candidates: Cukurova University example. International Journal of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, 1(2), 67-82.
  • Sari, M. (2007). Demokratik degerlerin kazananimi surecinde ortuk program: dusuk ve yuksek okul yasam kalitesine sahip iki ilkogretim okulunda nitel bir calisma [The effect of hidden curriculum on gaining democratic values: a qualitative study in two elementary schools having low and high quality of school life]. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Cukurova Universitesi, Adana.
  • Shechtman, Z. (2002). Validation of the democratic teacher belief scale (DTBS). Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 9, 363-377.
  • Subba, D. (2014). Democratic values and democratic approach in teaching: A perspective. American Journal of Educational Research, 2(12A), 37-40.
  • Tuncel, I. (2008). Duyussal ozelliklerin gelisimi acisindan fiziki ortamdan kaynaklanan ortuk programin incelenmesi [Investigating hidden curriculum that emerges from the physical setting regarding affective characteristic development]. Balikesir Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 11(20) 26-38.
  • Ustun, G. (2011). Sinif ogretmenlerinin yansitici dusunme egilimleri ile demokratik tutumlari arasindaki iliskinin incelenmesi [Investigate the relationship between the reflective thinking tendency and democratic attitude of class teachers]. (Unpublished master thesis). Marmara Universitesi, Istanbul.
  • Yalcin, B. (2014). Ogretmenlerin demokratik tutumlarinin ogrencilerin deger kazanimlarina etkisi: Erzurum ili ornegi [The effect of teachers' democratic attitudes on students' acquisition of values: Example of the city of Erzurum]. (Unpublished master thesis). Ataturk Universitesi, Erzurum.
  • Yildirim, A., & Simsek, A. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel arastirma yontemleri [Qualitative research methods for the social sciences]. Ankara: Seckin Yayinevi.
  • Yuksel, S. (2004). Ortuk program: Egitimde sakli uygulamalar [Hidden curriculum: Hidden applications in education]. Ankara: Nobel Yayinevi.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hasan Nasirci

Fatma Sadik

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Nasirci, H., & Sadik, F. (2018). Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis. European Journal of Educational Research, 7(1), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121
AMA Nasirci H, Sadik F. Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis. eujer. Ocak 2018;7(1):121-132. doi:10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121
Chicago Nasirci, Hasan, ve Fatma Sadik. “Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis”. European Journal of Educational Research 7, sy. 1 (Ocak 2018): 121-32. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121.
EndNote Nasirci H, Sadik F (01 Ocak 2018) Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis. European Journal of Educational Research 7 1 121–132.
IEEE H. Nasirci ve F. Sadik, “Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis”, eujer, c. 7, sy. 1, ss. 121–132, 2018, doi: 10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121.
ISNAD Nasirci, Hasan - Sadik, Fatma. “Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis”. European Journal of Educational Research 7/1 (Ocak 2018), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121.
JAMA Nasirci H, Sadik F. Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis. eujer. 2018;7:121–132.
MLA Nasirci, Hasan ve Fatma Sadik. “Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis”. European Journal of Educational Research, c. 7, sy. 1, 2018, ss. 121-32, doi:10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.121.
Vancouver Nasirci H, Sadik F. Investigating Primary School Teachers’ Perception About Democracy Through Metaphor Analysis. eujer. 2018;7(1):121-32.