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Salutogenesis Model and Its Use in Psychiatric Nursing

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 3, 546 - 555, 30.12.2025

Nurcan Uzdil

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1564408

Öz

Mental health promotion for individuals diagnosed with mental illness is an important issue for the nursing work force all over the world. It is important that individuals who have to live with mental illness are supported to streng then their general health as well as support to cope with and recover from their illness. Compared to the general population, the average life expectancy of people with mental disorders is 15-20 years shorter. There fore, there is a great need for health promotion interventions that include improving physical, social and mental health. From this point of view, mental health promotion based on the salutogenesis model will be beneficial in maintaining holistic care. Antonovsky's salutogenesis model focuses on the individual's ability to cope with stress factors and stay healthy. The model is used to guide health promotion and development in various fields such as nursing and mental health care and to provide psychiatric rehabilitation. In order to beter understand the salutogenesis model, which is becoming increasingly important in psychiatric nursing, this chapter will discuss the sense of who leness, general sources of resistance, the use of the model in psychiatric nursing and the measurement tools used in the evaluation of the sense of who leness. In addition, nursing and mental health studies in the field will be mentioned in order to emphasise the scope of care based on the salutogenesis model in nursing practice and educational programmes based on this model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nursing psychiatry salutogenesis model.

Kaynakça

  • Antonovsky A. The life cycle, mental health and the sense of coherence. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1985;22(4):273-280.
  • Mjøsund NH, Eriksson M, Norheim I, et al. Mental health as perceived by persons with mental disorders—an interpretative phenomenological study. Int J Ment Health Promot. 2015;17(4):215-233. doi:10.1080/14623730.2015.1039329.
  • Bengel J, Strittmatter R, Willmann H. What keeps people healthy? The current state of discussion and the relevance of Antonovsky’s salutogenic model of health. Research and practice of health promotion, vol. 4. Cologne: Federal Centre for Health Education, 1999.
  • Bengtsson-Tops A, Hansson L. The validity of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence measure in a sample of schizophrenic patients living in the community. J Adv Nurs. 2001;33:432-438. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01692.x
  • Mittelmark MB, Bull T. The salutogenic model of health in health promotion research. Glob Health Promot. 2013;20(2):30-38. doi:10.1177/1757975913486684.
  • Antonovsky A. Unraveling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA,1987.
  • Antonovsky A. The salutogenic model as a theory base for health promotion. Health Promot Int. 1996;11:11-18. doi:10.1093/heapro/11.1.11
  • Bauer GF, Roy M, Bakibinga P, et al. Future directions for the concept of salutogenesis. Health Promot Int. 2020;35(2):187-195. doi:10.1093/heapro/daz057
  • Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The meanings of Salutogenesis.. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The Handbook of Salutogenesis, Cham: Springer, 2017.
  • Moksnes UK. Sense of coherence. Haugan G, Eriksson M. (eds.), Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 2021, 35-46. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_4
  • Eriksson M. The sense of coherence in the Salutogenic model of health. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. Espnes (Eds.), The hand book of Salutogenesis, Cham: Springer, 2017.
  • Langeland E, Vinje HF. The application of salutogenesis in mental health care settings. In: In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The handbook of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 299-305.
  • Mittelmark MB, Bull T, Daniel M, et al. Specific resistance resources in the salutogenic model of health. In:In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The hand book of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 71-76.
  • Vinje HF, Langeland E, Bull T. Aaron Antonovsky’s development of salutogenesis, 1979 to 1994. In: In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The handbook of salutogenesis, Springer, 2017, 25-40.
  • Idan O, Eriksson M, Al-Yagon M. The salutogenic model: The role of generalized resistance resources.In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The hand book of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 57-69.
  • Fox J. Essential and critical knowledge for psychiatric/mental health nursing in the twenty-first century. In Third Annual Conference of Directors of Graduate Programs in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing, Washington, DC, 1986.
  • Eriksson M. Unravelling the mystery of Salutogenesis. Folkhälsan Research Centre Health Promotion Research Programme, Helsinki: Turku, 2007.
  • Scherler RH, Lajunen TA. Comparison of Finnish and Turkish university students on the short form of the sense of coherence scale. Fifth Congress of European Psychology, 6-11 July, Dublin, Ireland, 1997.
  • Antonovsky A. The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale. Soc Sci Med. 1993;36(6):725-733. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90033-Z
  • Onega LL. A the theoretical framework for psychiatric nursing practice. J Adv Nurs. 1991;16(1):68-73. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01499.x
  • Horsburgh ME. Salutogenesis: Origins of health and sense of coherence. In Rice VH. (Ed.), Handbook of stress, coping, and health: Implications for nursing research, theory, and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2000, 175-194.
  • Ward M, Schulz M, Bruland D, et al. A systematic of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and its use in studies among nurses: implications for psychiatric and mental nursing. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2014;5(2):61-71.doi:10.5505/phd.2014.28291
  • Çam O. Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıklarına Genel Bakış. İçinde: Çam O. Engin E. Editör. Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Bakım Sanatı, İstanbul Tıp Kıtabevi, 2014.
  • Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The Meanings of Salutogenesis. In: Mittelmark MB,Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan, JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. editors. The Handbook of Salutogenesis [Internet], 2017.
  • Vastamäki J, Moser K, Paul KI. How stable is sense of coherence? Changes following an intervention for unemployed individuals. Scand J Psychol. 2009;50(2):161-171. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00695.x
  • Forsberg KA, Björkman T, Sandman PO, et al. Influence of a lifestyle intervention among persons with a psychiatric disability: A cluster randomised controlled trial on symptoms, quality of life and sense of coherence. J Clin Nurs. 2010;19:1519-1528. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03010.x
  • Kähönen K, Näätänen P, Tolvanen A, et al. Development of sense of coherence during two group interventions. Scand J Psychol. 2012;53(6):523-527. doi:10.1111/sjop.12020.
  • Uzdil N, Ceyhan Ö, Şimşek N. The effect of salutogenesis‐based care on the sense of coherence in peritoneal dialysis patients. J Clin Nurs. 2022;31(1-2):184-195. doi:10.1111/jocn.15895
  • Eren D, Uysal Toraman A. Sağlıklı olmayı desteklemeye yönelik eğitim programının yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi, bütünlük duygusu ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları üzerine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir, 2018.
  • Yaş MA, Seçginli S. Salutogenic model-based frailty prevention program for pre-frail women aged 55 years and over (SAFRAPP): A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2022;36(2):215-232. doi:10.1891/RTNP-2021-0098
  • Acı OS, Kutlu FY. The effect of salutogenic approach‐based interviews on sense of coherence and resilience in people with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022;58(4). doi:10.1111/ppc.12985
  • Skärsäter I, Rayens MK, Peden A, et al. Sense of coherence and recovery from major depression: a 4-year follow-up. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2009;23(2):119-127. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2008.04.007
  • Langeland E, Wahl AK, Kristoffersen K, et al. Promoting coping: salutogenesis among people with mental health problems. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2007;28(3):275-295. doi:10.1080/01612840601172627
  • Kouvonen AM, Väänänen A, Vahtera J, et al. Sense of coherence and psychiatric morbidity: a 19-year register-based prospective study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010;64(3):255-261. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.083352
  • Karayumak B, Gürhan N. Salutogenez modeline dayalı danışmanlık eğitiminin şizofreni hastalarında bütünlük duygusu, iyileşme ve işlevselliğe etkisi, Doktora Tezi, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, 2024
  • Thomas C, Sharma MK, George R, Patel N, Kumar A. Effectiveness of Nurse Driven Salutogenic Intervention Model to Promote Mental Health and Well being Among Clients with Mental Illness. J Psychosoc Rehabil Ment Health. 2025;1-12.
  • Ödek Ö, Zincir H. Salutogenez model ve duygusal özgürlük teknikleri kullanılarak tip 2 diyabetli bireylere verilecek bakımın bütünlük duygusu ve yaşam kalitesine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Kayseri, 2024.
  • Langeland E, Riise T, Hanestad BR, et al. The effect of salutogenic treatment principles on coping with mental health problems: A randomised controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;62(2):212-219. doi:10.1016/j.pec. 2005.07.004

Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 3, 546 - 555, 30.12.2025

Nurcan Uzdil

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1564408

Öz

Ruhsal hastalık tanıları bireyler için ruh sağlığının geliştirilmesi, tüm dünyada hemşirelik işgücü için önemli bir konudur. Ruhsal hastalıkla yaşamak zorunda olan bireyler, hastalıklarıyla başa çıkmak ve iyileşmek için desteğin yanı sıra genel sağlıklarını güçlendirmek için de desteklenmeleri önemlidir. Genel nüfusa kıyasla ruhsal bozukluğu olanların ortalama yaşam süresi 15-20 yıl daha kısadır. Bu nedenle fiziksel, sosyal ve ruhsal sağlığın iyileştirilmesini içeren sağlığı geliştirme müdahalelerine büyük ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında salutogenez modeline dayalı ruh sağlığının geliştirilmesi bütüncül bakımın devam ettirilmesinde fayda sağlayacaktır. Antonovsky'nin salutogenez modeli, bireyin stres faktörleriyle başa çıkma ve sağlıklı kalma becerisine odaklanmaktadır. Model, hemşirelik ve ruh sağlığı bakımı gibi çeşitli alanlarda sağlığın teşviki ve geliştirilmesine rehberlik etmek ve psikiyatrik rehabilitasyonu sağlamak amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Psikiyatri hemşireliğinde giderek önem kazanan salutogenez modelinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için bu makalede bütünlük duygusu, genel direnç kaynakları, psikiyatri hemşireliğinde modelin kullanımı ve bütünlük duygusunun değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan ölçüm araçları ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca hemşirelik uygulamalarında salutogenez modeline dayalı bakımın kapsamı ve bu modele dayalı eğitim programlarını vurgulamak amacıyla alanda yapılan hemşirelik ve ruh sağlığı çalışmalarına değinilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirelik psikiyatri salutogenez modeli

Kaynakça

  • Antonovsky A. The life cycle, mental health and the sense of coherence. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1985;22(4):273-280.
  • Mjøsund NH, Eriksson M, Norheim I, et al. Mental health as perceived by persons with mental disorders—an interpretative phenomenological study. Int J Ment Health Promot. 2015;17(4):215-233. doi:10.1080/14623730.2015.1039329.
  • Bengel J, Strittmatter R, Willmann H. What keeps people healthy? The current state of discussion and the relevance of Antonovsky’s salutogenic model of health. Research and practice of health promotion, vol. 4. Cologne: Federal Centre for Health Education, 1999.
  • Bengtsson-Tops A, Hansson L. The validity of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence measure in a sample of schizophrenic patients living in the community. J Adv Nurs. 2001;33:432-438. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01692.x
  • Mittelmark MB, Bull T. The salutogenic model of health in health promotion research. Glob Health Promot. 2013;20(2):30-38. doi:10.1177/1757975913486684.
  • Antonovsky A. Unraveling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA,1987.
  • Antonovsky A. The salutogenic model as a theory base for health promotion. Health Promot Int. 1996;11:11-18. doi:10.1093/heapro/11.1.11
  • Bauer GF, Roy M, Bakibinga P, et al. Future directions for the concept of salutogenesis. Health Promot Int. 2020;35(2):187-195. doi:10.1093/heapro/daz057
  • Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The meanings of Salutogenesis.. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The Handbook of Salutogenesis, Cham: Springer, 2017.
  • Moksnes UK. Sense of coherence. Haugan G, Eriksson M. (eds.), Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 2021, 35-46. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_4
  • Eriksson M. The sense of coherence in the Salutogenic model of health. In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. Espnes (Eds.), The hand book of Salutogenesis, Cham: Springer, 2017.
  • Langeland E, Vinje HF. The application of salutogenesis in mental health care settings. In: In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The handbook of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 299-305.
  • Mittelmark MB, Bull T, Daniel M, et al. Specific resistance resources in the salutogenic model of health. In:In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The hand book of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 71-76.
  • Vinje HF, Langeland E, Bull T. Aaron Antonovsky’s development of salutogenesis, 1979 to 1994. In: In Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The handbook of salutogenesis, Springer, 2017, 25-40.
  • Idan O, Eriksson M, Al-Yagon M. The salutogenic model: The role of generalized resistance resources.In: Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. (Eds.), The hand book of salutogenesis, Springer, 2016, 57-69.
  • Fox J. Essential and critical knowledge for psychiatric/mental health nursing in the twenty-first century. In Third Annual Conference of Directors of Graduate Programs in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing, Washington, DC, 1986.
  • Eriksson M. Unravelling the mystery of Salutogenesis. Folkhälsan Research Centre Health Promotion Research Programme, Helsinki: Turku, 2007.
  • Scherler RH, Lajunen TA. Comparison of Finnish and Turkish university students on the short form of the sense of coherence scale. Fifth Congress of European Psychology, 6-11 July, Dublin, Ireland, 1997.
  • Antonovsky A. The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale. Soc Sci Med. 1993;36(6):725-733. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90033-Z
  • Onega LL. A the theoretical framework for psychiatric nursing practice. J Adv Nurs. 1991;16(1):68-73. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01499.x
  • Horsburgh ME. Salutogenesis: Origins of health and sense of coherence. In Rice VH. (Ed.), Handbook of stress, coping, and health: Implications for nursing research, theory, and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2000, 175-194.
  • Ward M, Schulz M, Bruland D, et al. A systematic of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and its use in studies among nurses: implications for psychiatric and mental nursing. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2014;5(2):61-71.doi:10.5505/phd.2014.28291
  • Çam O. Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıklarına Genel Bakış. İçinde: Çam O. Engin E. Editör. Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği Bakım Sanatı, İstanbul Tıp Kıtabevi, 2014.
  • Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The Meanings of Salutogenesis. In: Mittelmark MB,Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan, JM, Lindström B, Espnes GA. editors. The Handbook of Salutogenesis [Internet], 2017.
  • Vastamäki J, Moser K, Paul KI. How stable is sense of coherence? Changes following an intervention for unemployed individuals. Scand J Psychol. 2009;50(2):161-171. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00695.x
  • Forsberg KA, Björkman T, Sandman PO, et al. Influence of a lifestyle intervention among persons with a psychiatric disability: A cluster randomised controlled trial on symptoms, quality of life and sense of coherence. J Clin Nurs. 2010;19:1519-1528. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03010.x
  • Kähönen K, Näätänen P, Tolvanen A, et al. Development of sense of coherence during two group interventions. Scand J Psychol. 2012;53(6):523-527. doi:10.1111/sjop.12020.
  • Uzdil N, Ceyhan Ö, Şimşek N. The effect of salutogenesis‐based care on the sense of coherence in peritoneal dialysis patients. J Clin Nurs. 2022;31(1-2):184-195. doi:10.1111/jocn.15895
  • Eren D, Uysal Toraman A. Sağlıklı olmayı desteklemeye yönelik eğitim programının yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi, bütünlük duygusu ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları üzerine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir, 2018.
  • Yaş MA, Seçginli S. Salutogenic model-based frailty prevention program for pre-frail women aged 55 years and over (SAFRAPP): A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2022;36(2):215-232. doi:10.1891/RTNP-2021-0098
  • Acı OS, Kutlu FY. The effect of salutogenic approach‐based interviews on sense of coherence and resilience in people with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022;58(4). doi:10.1111/ppc.12985
  • Skärsäter I, Rayens MK, Peden A, et al. Sense of coherence and recovery from major depression: a 4-year follow-up. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2009;23(2):119-127. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2008.04.007
  • Langeland E, Wahl AK, Kristoffersen K, et al. Promoting coping: salutogenesis among people with mental health problems. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2007;28(3):275-295. doi:10.1080/01612840601172627
  • Kouvonen AM, Väänänen A, Vahtera J, et al. Sense of coherence and psychiatric morbidity: a 19-year register-based prospective study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010;64(3):255-261. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.083352
  • Karayumak B, Gürhan N. Salutogenez modeline dayalı danışmanlık eğitiminin şizofreni hastalarında bütünlük duygusu, iyileşme ve işlevselliğe etkisi, Doktora Tezi, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, 2024
  • Thomas C, Sharma MK, George R, Patel N, Kumar A. Effectiveness of Nurse Driven Salutogenic Intervention Model to Promote Mental Health and Well being Among Clients with Mental Illness. J Psychosoc Rehabil Ment Health. 2025;1-12.
  • Ödek Ö, Zincir H. Salutogenez model ve duygusal özgürlük teknikleri kullanılarak tip 2 diyabetli bireylere verilecek bakımın bütünlük duygusu ve yaşam kalitesine etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Kayseri, 2024.
  • Langeland E, Riise T, Hanestad BR, et al. The effect of salutogenic treatment principles on coping with mental health problems: A randomised controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;62(2):212-219. doi:10.1016/j.pec. 2005.07.004
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ruh Sağlığı Hemşireliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Nurcan Uzdil 0000-0001-8559-8299

Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Uzdil, N. (2025). Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 34(3), 546-555. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1564408
AMA Uzdil N. Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı. JHS. Aralık 2025;34(3):546-555. doi:10.34108/eujhs.1564408
Chicago Uzdil, Nurcan. “Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 34, sy. 3 (Aralık 2025): 546-55. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1564408.
EndNote Uzdil N (01 Aralık 2025) Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 34 3 546–555.
IEEE N. Uzdil, “Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı”, JHS, c. 34, sy. 3, ss. 546–555, 2025, doi: 10.34108/eujhs.1564408.
ISNAD Uzdil, Nurcan. “Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 34/3 (Aralık2025), 546-555. https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1564408.
JAMA Uzdil N. Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı. JHS. 2025;34:546–555.
MLA Uzdil, Nurcan. “Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 34, sy. 3, 2025, ss. 546-55, doi:10.34108/eujhs.1564408.
Vancouver Uzdil N. Salutogenez Modeli ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliğinde Kullanımı. JHS. 2025;34(3):546-55.