HUMAN PAPİLLOMA VİRÜS (HPV) GÜNCEL TEDAVİ VE KORUNMA YÖNTEMLERİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 189 - 192, 01.07.2017

Ufuk İnce Muhammed Akar Nilay Ildız

Öz

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) İnsan Papilloma Virüsü
olarak bilinmektedir. Yaklaşık 40 türü siğile neden olurken, bazı türleri ise kansere kadar ilerleyebilen hastalık
tablosuna sebep olur ve en fazla rastlanan kanser türü
rahim ağzı kanseridir. HPV’ nin 40'tan fazla çeşidi insanlarda genital bölgeyi enfekte etmekle birlikte bir kısmı
yüksek risk, bir kısmı ise düşük risk grubundadır. Virüs
ile enfekte insanların %40’ı cinsel hayatın ilk iki yılı
içinde enfeksiyonu geçirirler. Kanser öncesi lezyonlar
20-29’ lu yaşlarda pik yaparken, kanser 40- 49’lu yaşlarda pik yapmaktadır. Erken teşhisin önemi tedaviyi
mümkün kılabilmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Günümüzde üç farklı HPV aşısı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki
2006 yılında uygulanmaya başlayan Gardasil’ dir. Bunu
Cervarix ve Gardasil 9 takip etmiştir. Gardasil ve
Gardasil 9 aşıları hem rahim ağzı kanseri hem de genital
siğilleri önlemeye yönelik iken, Cervarix sadece rahim
ağzı kanserine karşı koruma sağlamaktadır. Rahim ağzı
kanserinin evreleri 1A’dan başlayıp 4B’ye kadar gitmektedir. 1A aşamasından 4B’ye doğru ilerlerken tedavi
zorlaşmakta ve 4B aşamasında sadece palyatif tedavi
uygulanabilmektedir. Siğil tedavisinde ise tekli tedaviler
uygulanabildiği gibi kombine tedaviler de uygulanabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), rahim ağzı kanseri, genital siğil, tedavi, HPV aşıları, Cervarix, Gardasil 9

Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv) Current Treatment and Proteciıon Procedure

Öz

HPV is a virus is known as Human Papilloma Virus and
approximately 40 types of it can cause warts. Most
observed cancer type is cervical cancer, as some types
can cause more serious illnesses like cancer. More than
40 types of HPV infect genital areas of human and
some of these genital HPV types are in high risk group
and some are in low risk group. Of the patients infected
with HPV, 40% experience the disease in two years
after their first sex experience. While precancer lesions
peak mostly at ages of 20-29 years, cancer peaks at the
ages of 40-49 years. Early diagnose enables the
possibility of treatment. There are three different types
of HPV vaccines at present. First of them is Gardasil,
which was introduced in 2006. The others are Cervarix
and Gardasil 9. Gardasil and Gardasil 9 provide
prophylaxy against both cervical cancer and genital
warts; but Cervarix only provides prophylaxy against
cervical cancer. Cervical cancer stages start from 1A
and go to 4B. As it progresses from stage 1A to 4B,
traetment gets harder. In stage 4B only palliative
treatment is possible. When treating warts, it is
possible to use both single and combined treatments

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), cervical cancer, genital wart, treatment, HPV vaccines, Cervarix, Gardasil 9

Kaynakça

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