BELLEĞİN EPİGENETİK DÜZENLENMESİ: MİKRORNA’LARIN ROLÜ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 87 - 94, 01.03.2018

Sebahattin Karabulut Keziban Korkmaz Bayramov Asuman Gölgeli

Öz

“MikroRNA(miRNA)’lar” kodlanmayan RNA’lar sınıfına
ait moleküller olup, protein sentezinin transkripsiyon
sonrası (posttranskripsiyonel) düzenleyicileri olarak
tanımlanırlar. Bu posttranskripsiyonel düzenlemenin
neredeyse tüm biyolojik süreçlerde rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Son zamanlarda miRNA aracılı bu regülasyonun, aktivite bağımlı gen ekspresyonunun yer aldığı
öğrenme ve bellek oluşumu için de kritik olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu endojen RNA’ların sadece öğrenme ve bellek
gibi normal beyin fonksiyonlarında değil, aynı zamanda
bilişsel işlevlerin etkilendiği çok sayıda nörodejeneratif
hastalığın fizyopatolojisinde de işe karıştığı gösterilmiştir. Bu derlemede miRNA’ların sinaptik plastisitedeki
rolleri ve bazı nörodejeneratif hastalıklarla ilişkileri ele
alınmıştır. Nöral plastisitede miRNA’ların rollerinin tam
olarak anlaşılması, bellek fonksiyonlarının bozulduğu
nörolojik hastalıklar için genetik tedavilerin ve yeni
teşhis yöntemlerinin gelişimine kapı açabilecektir.”

Anahtar Kelimeler

mikroRNA, bellek, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar

The Epıgenetıc Regulatıon Of Memory: The Role Of Mıcrornas

Öz

“MicroRNAs (miRNAs)” are a class of non-coding RNAs
defined as posttranscriptional regulators of protein
synthesis. It is believed that this posttranscriptional
regulation has been implicated in virtually all aspects
of biological processes. Recently, it has been understood that miRNA-mediated regulation is critical for
learning and memory formation which requires activity-dependent gene expression. Emerging evidence
indicates that these endogenous RNAs are involved in
not only normal brain functions such as learning and
memory, but also the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases in which cognitive functions
are influenced. In this review, the roles of miRNAs in
synaptic plasticity and their relation to some neurodegenerative diseases are discussed. With further elaboration of the role of miRNAs in neural plasticity, the
door will be opened for the development of new diagnostic tests and genetic therapies for neurodegenerative diseases in which memory functions are impaired.”

Anahtar Kelimeler

microRNA, memory, neurodegenerative disease

Kaynakça

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