İNTESTİNAL MİKROBİYOTA VE OBEZİTE İLİŞKİSİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 95 - 99, 01.03.2018

Tuba Tekin Betül Çiçek Nurefşan Konyalıgil

Öz

Obezite prevalansı son yıllarda giderek artarak hem
gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önemli bir
sorun teşkil etmektedir. Yüksek enerjili diyet tüketiminin artması ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin azalması ile
birlikte ortaya çıkan enerji dengesizliği obezitenin temel
nedenini oluşturmaktadır. Son yıllarda obezitenin gelişimi ile ilgili biyokimyasal yollar araştırılmaya başlanmıştır. Çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgular, intestinal
mikrobiyotanın enerji metabolizması üzerinde etkilerinin olduğunu ve obezitenin patogenezinde rol oynadığını ortaya koymuştur. İntestinal mikrobiyotanın
polisakkarit ve oligosakkaritlerin metabolizmasında ve
kısa zincirli yağ asitlerinin üretiminde fonksiyonları
bulunmaktadır. İntestinal mikrobiyotadaki değişikler ile
birlikte mikrobiyal çeşitlilik azaldığında öncelikli olarak
glikoz ve lipid metabolizması etkilenmektedir. Glikoz ve
lipid metabolizmasında ortaya çıkan değişikler ise vücutta bir enflamasyona yol açarak obezitenin
patofizlojik sürecini başlatmaktadır. Mikrobiyotanın
insan vücudunda etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak yapılan son çalışmalar intestinal mikrobiyotanın,
metabolizma üzerinde tahmin edilenden daha fazla etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Gelecekte yapılacak
olan çalışmalar ışığında intestinal mikrobiyota,
obezitenin tedavisinde potansiyel rol oynayabilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

obezite, mikrobiyota, enerji, metabolizma

The Relatıonshıp Between Intestınal Mıcrobıota And Obesıty

Öz

With its prevalence increasing in recent years, obesity
has become a major problem for both developed and
developing countries. The energy imbalance associated
with increased consumption of high-energy diets and
reduced levels of physical activity are the main causes
of obesity. In recent years, biochemical pathways
related to the development of obesity have started to
be investigated. Findings from studies have shown
that intestinal microbiota has effects on energy
metabolism and plays a role in the pathogenesis of
obesity. Intestinal microbiota has functions in the
metabolism of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides
and in the production of short chain fatty acids.
Glucose and lipid metabolism are primarily affected
when the microbial diversity decreases with changes in
the intestinal microbiota. Changes in glucose and lipid
metabolism cause an inflammation in the body, leading
to the pathophysiological process of obesity.
Microbiota is known to have effects on the human
body. However, recent studies show that intestinal
microbial activity has a greater effect on metabolism
than is predicted. In future studies, intestinal
microbiota may play a potential role in the treatment
of obesity

Anahtar Kelimeler

obesity, microbiota, energy, metabolism

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