COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ DÖNEMİNDE FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTE, DEPRESYON, BESLENME VE AĞRI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Öz

Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 (Covid-19) solunum yollarını etkileyen bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Hastalık Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından dünya genelinde salgın olarak tanımlandıktan sonar hastalığın yayılımını önlemek için sosyalizolasyonlar ve sokağa çıkma yasakları gibi tedbirler uygulanmaya başlandı. Bu tedbirler insanların fiziksel aktivite ve anksiyete düzeylerini ve beslenme alışkanlıklarını etkilemiştir. Azalan fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri, duygusal değişiklikler ve kötü beslenme alışkanlıkları algılanan ağrı düzeylerini etkileyebilecek faktörler olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı, Covid-19 hastalığı döneminde temel yaşam tarzlarındaki değişimleri belirlemek ve algılanan ağrı düzeyi ile olan ilişkisini incelemektir. Çalışma, Google Formlar web anketini kullanan, hızlı ve geniş kesitli çevrimiçi bir anket çalışmasıdır. Çalışmamıza 18-65 yaş arası 1174 gönüllü katıldı. Ankette demografik bilgiler, fiziksel aktivite seviyelerini belirlemek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ), beslenme tutumlarını değerlendirmek için Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği, anksiyete ve depresyon seviyeleri için Hastane Anksiyete-Depresyon Ölçeği (HADS) ve algılanan ağrı seviyelerini belirlemek için Nordic Kas-İskelet Anketi (NMQ) kullanılmıştır. Yetersiz fiziksel aktivite ile boyun ağrısı (r=-0.262, p=0.040), sırt ağrısı (r=-0.254, p=0.048) ve bel ağrısı (r=-0.275, p=0.034) arasında orta düzeyde bir korelasyon bulundu. Öte yandan depresyon düzeyleri ile bel ağrısı arasında zayıf bir korelasyon bulundu (r=0.213, p=0.049). Anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi (r=-0.433, p=0.033; r=-0.549, p=0.004) ve sağlıklı beslenme tutumu (r=-0.258, p=0.041; r=-0.317, p=0.039) arasında negative korelasyon bulundu. Covid-19 salgını sırasında halkın fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin arttırılması ve temel yaşam tarzlarındaki değişiklikler sonucu ortaya çıkabilecek kısa ve uzun vadeli olumsuz etkilerin farkında olmalarının sağlanması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• beslenme durumu
• COVID-19
• egzersiz
• kas-iskelet ağrısı

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, DEPRESSION, NUTRITION AND PAIN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD

Öz

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that affects the respiratory tract. After the disease was recognized as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), precautions such as social isolation and curfews were implemented to prevent the spread of the disease. These precautions have affected individuals' physical activity levels, anxiety levels, and eating habits. Reduced physical activity level, emotional changes, and bad eating habits are among the factors that may affect perceived pain. The purpose of our study is to determine the changing basic lifestyles during the Covid-19 disease period and to examine their relationship with the perceived pain level. The study was a quick and large cross-sectional online survey using the Google Forms web survey platform. 1174 volunteers between the ages of 18-65 participated in our study. The survey contained demographic information, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to determine physical activity levels, Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) to evaluate nutritional attitudes, Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety and depression levels, and The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) to determine perceived pain levels. A moderate correlation was found between insufficient physical activity and neck pain (r=-0.262, p=0.040), back pain (r=-0.254, p=0.048) and low back pain (r=-0.275, p=0.034). On the other hand, a weak correlation was found between depression levels and low back pain (r=0.213, p=0.049). A negative correlation was found between anxiety and depression levels and physical activity level (r=-0.433, p=0.033; r=-0.549, p=0.004) and healthy eating attitude (r=-0.258, p=0.041; r=-0.317, p=0.039). During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is necessary to increase the physical activity levels of the public and to make them aware of the short and long-term negative effects that may occur as a result of changes in basic lifestyles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• nutritional status
• COVID-19
• exercise
• musculoskeletal pain

Kaynakça

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