ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF PERSONAL HYGIENE KNOWLEDGE AND HEALTH PERCEPTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 52 - 59, 01.04.2024

Özlem Sinan , Sevil Şahin , Simge Şahin , Alaettin Ünsal

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.1328944

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine the level of personal hygiene knowledge in university students and assess the level of health perception. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 946 students studying at a state university in Ankara. A questionnaire which included the Perception of Health Scale and questions to determine socio-demographic characteristics and level of personal hygiene knowledge of students was used to collect data. Data were collected by face-to-face survey method. The students ages ranged from 16 to 39 with years. Median score of the students obtained from the questions on personal hygiene knowledge and from the Perception of Health Scale was 24.0 (Min-Max= 0.0-30.0)and 48.5 (Min-Max=22.0-75.0), respectively. While the most accurately answered question on personal hygiene was “Hands should be washed with generous amounts of soap and water after using the toilet” (95%), the least accurately answered question was “It is beneficial to walk around barefoot at home” (37.2%). In this study, the level of personal hygiene knowledge was determined to be higher in students of medical faculty, women, non-smokers, non-drinkers and those who had previous information on personal hygiene before (p< 0.05).A weak positive relationship was determined between the level of personal hygiene level and health perception (r=0.397; p=0.001).It was determined in the study that the students had a good level of personal hygiene knowledge and medium level of health perception.

Anahtar Kelimeler

healthy perception, hygiene, university students

ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KİŞİSEL HİJYEN BİLGİ DÜZEYİ VE SAĞLIK ALGI DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin kişisel hijyen ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri ve sağlık algı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Kesitsel tipdeki bu çalışma Ankara'da bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 946 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği, öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve kişisel hijyen bilgi düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik soruların yer aldığı anket formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler yüzyüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaşları 16-39 arasında değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin kişisel hijyen ile ilgili bilgi sorularından aldıkları ortanca değer 24.0 (Min-Max= 0.0-30.0), Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği ortanca değeri 48.5 (Min-Max=22.0-75.0) olarak saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin kişisel hijyen ile ilgili en çok doğru bildikleri bilgi sorusu “Tuvaletten çıkınca eller bol sabunlu su ile yıkanmalıdır” (%95) iken, en çok yanlış bildikleri “Evde çıplak ayakla dolaşmak faydalıdır” (%37.2) bilgi sorusudur. Çalışmada tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin, kadınların, sigara ve alkol alışkanlığı olmayanların ve önceden kişisel hijyen hakkında bilgi alanların kişisel hijyen bilgi düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Kişisel hijyen bilgi düzeyi ile sağlık algısı arasında pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=0.397; p=0.001). Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin kişisel hijyen ile ilgili bilgi düzeylerinin iyi ve sağlık algılarının orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

sağlık algısı, hijyen, üniversite öğrencileri

Kaynakça

• Diamond JJ, Becker JA, Arenson CA, Chambers CV, Rosenthal MP. Development of a scale to measure adults’ perceptions of health: preliminary findings. Journal of Community Psychology. 2007; 35(5):557-561. doi:10.1002/jcop.20164.
• Klein Velderman M, Crone MR, Wiefferink CH, Reijneveld SA. Identification and management of psychosocial problems among toddlers by preventive child health care professionals. Eur J Public Health. 2010; 20(3):332-338. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp169.
• Richter M, Moor I, van Lenthe FJ. Explaining socioeconomic differences in adolescent self-rated health: the contribution of material, psychosocial and behavioral factors. J Epidemiol Community Health.2012; 66(8):691-697. doi:10.1136/jech.20 10.125500.
• APGM. Guide book on adolescent health and development program. Ankara. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Maternal and Infant Health and Family Planning. 2002.
• Simsek C, Piyal B, Tüzün H, et al. Personal Hygiene Behaviour of Some High School Students in Ankara Province. TAF Prev Med Bull.2010; 9(5):433-440. Available from: https://www.bibliomed.org/?mno= 1918. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Zaybak A, Fadiloglu C. Determining of the health promotion behaviors of university students and the factors affecting these behaviors. Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty. 2004;20(1):77-95. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/egehemsire/issue/49615/635912. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Caglar S, Yilmaz OE, Savaser S. Opinions and Behaviors of University Students who Learned in Nursing and Other Fields of Health Science Related to Social Hand washing, Journal of Academic Research in Nursing. 2018; 4(2):83-91. doi:10.5222/jaren. 2018.083.
• Lee RLT, Loke AJTY. Health-promoting behaviors and psychosocial well-being of university students in Hong Kong. Public Health Nursing. 2005; 22(3): 209-220. doi:10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.220304.x.
• Kadioglu H, Yildiz A. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of perception of health scale. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2012; 32(1):47-53. doi:10.53 36/medsci.2010-21761.
• Tolonen H, Wolf H, Jakovljevic D, Kuulasmaa K. European Health Risk Monitoring Project. Review of surveys for risk factors of major chronic diseases and comparability of the results. European Health Risk Monitoring (EHRM) Project. 2002. Available from: http://www.ktl.fi/publications/ehrm/product1/title.htm. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Tomkins S, Saburova L, Kiryanov N, et al. Prevalence and socio-economic distribution of hazardous patterns of alcohol drinking: study of alcohol consumption in men aged 25-54 years in Izhevsk, Russia. Addiction. 2007;102(4):544-553. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006. 01693.x.
• Arat A, Simsek I, Erdamar G. The second grade students’ practises about personal hygiene in regional boarding primary school. The Journal of Industrial Arts Education Faculty of Gazi University. 2014; 33:58-72.
• Erbil N, Asik F. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about the hygiene and the vaginal discharge of female students. Health and Society. 2005; 15(2):91-95.
• Timur S. Genital hygiene behaviors of the female students who stay at a university student hostel. New World Sciences Academy. 2010; 5(4).
• Vivas AP, Gelaye B, Aboset N, et al. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) of Hygiene Among School Children in Angolela, Ethiopia. J Prev Med Hyg. 2010; 51(2):73-79.
• Singh A, Gupta P. An Analysis of Knowledge & Practices on Personal Hygiene of Adolescents. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach and Studies. 2014;1(5):138-147.
• Ayaz S, Tezcan S, Akinci F. Health Promotion Behavior of Nursing School Students. The Cumhuriyet Nursing Journal. 2005;9(2):26-34.
• Acikgoz S, Uzun S, Arslan F. Relationship between perceptions of health status and health promotion behaviors in nursing students. Gulhane Med J. 2013; 55(3):181-187. doi:10.5455/gulhane.15228.
• van de Mortel TF. Development of a questionnaire to assess health care students’ hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2009; 26(3):9-16. Available from: https://www.ajan.com.au/archive/Vol26/26-3_VandeMortel.pdf. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Mann CM, Wood A. How much do medical students know about infection control? J Hosp Infect. 2006; 64(4):366-370. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2006.06.030.
• de-Mateo-Silleras B, Camina-Martín MA, Cartujo-Redondo A, et al. Health Perception According to the Lifestyle of University Students. J Community Health. 2019;44(1):74-80. doi:10.1007/s10900-01 8-0555-4.
• Al Kadi A,Salati SA. Hand Hygiene Practices among Medical Students. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis.2012; 2012:1-6. doi:10.1155/2012/679129.
• Szwarcwald CL, Damacena GN, de Souza Júnior PR, et al. Determinants of self-rated health and the influence of healthy behaviors: results from the National Health Survey, 2013. Rev Bras Epidemiol.2015; 18 (Suppl 2):33-44. doi:10.1590/1980-5497201500060004.
• Emamvirdi R, Hosseinzadeh Asl N, Colakoglu FF. Health-Related Quality of Life with Regard to Smoking, Consumption of Alcohol, and Sports Participation. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016; 18(7):e27919. PMID: 27651950; doi:10.5812/ircmj.27919.
• Dongre AR, Deshmukh PR, Boratne AV, Thaware P, Garg BS. An approach to hygiene education among rural Indian school going children. Online J Health Allied Scs. 2007; 4:2. Available from: https://www.ojhas.org/issue24/2007-4-2.htm. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Koyun A, Ozpulat F, Ozvaris SB. Training program development and evaluation process: secondary education for girl students "genital hygiene" education program. Gumushane University Journal of Health Sciences. 2013;2(4):443. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/issue-file/813. Accessed in 2020 (Jul 02).
• Alkan SA, Ozdelikara A, Boga NM. Determination of nursing students' health perception. Gumushane University Journal of Health Sciences. 2017;6(2):11-21.
• Koivusilta LK, Rimpelä AH, Kautiainen SM. Health inequality in adolescence. Does stratification occur by familial social background, family affluence or personal social position? BMC Public Health. 2006; 6:110. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-110.