Türkiye'de Küçük Ruıninantların Vebasının (Peste Des Petits Ruıninants) Serolajik Olarak Prevalansının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, koyun, keçi ve sığırlardaki PPR enfeksiyonlarının prevalansı!lın tespit edilmesi ve sığırlardaki PPR varlığının sığır vebası enidikasyon çalışmalarındaki öneminin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Koyun ve keçi kan serum örnekleri 1999-2000 yılında tesadüfi örnekleme ile alındı~ Örnekleme dizaynı ve büyüklüğü coğrafi bölgeler temel alınarak, tahmini prevelans %50, güven sınırı% 99, hata payı±% 5, D 2,9, ve RoH 0,1 kriterlerine göre hesaplandı. Toplam 12799 koyun-keçi kan serumu örneği PPR antikorları yönünden Competitive ELISA (CELISA) ile test edildi. 1997 yılında sığır vebası seromonitoring çalışmaları için test edilen 13363 sığır kan serumundan sığır vebası antikorları yönünden negatifbulunan 2 994 adet sığır kan serumu seçildi ve PPR Competitive ELISA ile test edildi. Koyun keçi serum örneklerinde PPR antikorları yönünden serapozitiflik oraıiı %28,35 olarak saptandı. Tür, cinsiyet, yaş yetiştirme şekline göre PPR antikorları yönünden serapozitiflik oranlarında farklılık görülmedi. Ancak coğrafi bölgeler arasında en düşük serapozitiflik oranı Karadeniz bölgesinde %8.39, en yüksek serapozitiflik oranı ise Güney Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde %47,17 tespit edildi. Örneklemede coğrafi bölgeler esas alındığından elde edilen il sonuçları istatistik olarak değerlendirilmedi. Sığır vebası. antikorları yönünden seranegatif olan sığır kan serum örneklerinin %8,08'inde PPR antikoru tespit edildi. Örneklemenin homolog PPR aşısı kullanımından önce yapılması nedeniyle teSpit edilen serapozitiflik oranları aynı zamanda PPR enfeksiyonunun koyun, keçi ve sığırlardaki prevelansı olarak değerlendirildi .

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nigar TATAR
• Arife ERTÜRK
• Özden KABAKLI
• Nejdet AKKOCA
• Şerife (KOCABAŞ) İNÇOGLU
• Ufuk ÜLKER
• Asiye DAKMAN
• Koyun keçi vebası
• antikor
• prevalans
• 2002
• Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi

Investigation of Peste des Petits Ruminats Prevalence in Türkiye

Öz

This study has been conducted to detect antibodies against peste des petits ruminants in sheep, goats and cattle, and to determine İnıportance of presence ofPPR antibodies in cattle for rinderp·est eradication campaign. Sheep and goat sera collected randamly in 1999-2000. Sampling design and size determined according to geographic region and canfidence level 99%, expected prevalence 50%, rate ofhomogenity 0,1, estimation ±for simple random sample 5% and design effect 2.9. 12 799 sheep and goats sera collected from 685 flocks and stored -20 oc and tested using PPR and RP Competitive ELISA. 2 994 cattle sera which was tested presence of.rinderpest antibodies during rinderpest seromonitoring studies in 1997 and fouıid negative was selected and tested Using PPR competitive ELISA. - PPR antibodies were demonstrated 28,35% iri sheep and goats. Regard with presence of antibodies against to PPR there was not significant difference between species; age, sex and breed.' However the lowest sero positive rate in Blacksea region 8.39% and the highest sero positive rate in Southeast region 47% was determined. Presence ofPPR antibodies was 8.08% in selected cattle. S ince homologous PPR vaccine was not applicable in that time, presence of PPR antibodies has been concluded as prevalence of PPR in sheep, goats and cattle.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Peste des petits ruminants
• antibodies
• prevalence

Kaynakça

1. ABU ELZEIN EME, HASSANIEN MM, ALAFALEQ Al, ABD ELHADI MA, HOUSAWI, FMT (1990). Isolation of peste des petits ruminants from goals in Saudi Arabia. Vet Record, 127: 309-310.
2. ALÇIGIR G, VURAL SA, TOPLU N (1996). Türkiye'de kuzularda Peste des petits ruminants virus enfeksiyonunun patomorfoloiik ve immunohistoloiik ilk tanımı. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Der, 43: 181-189.
3. AMJAD H, ISLAM Q, FORSYTH M, BARRETT T, ROSSITER PB (1996). Peste des petits ruminants in goals in Pakistan. Vet Record, 139: 118-119.
4. ANDERSON EC (1995). Morbillivirus infections in wildlife (in relations to their population biology and disease control in domestic animals. Vet Microbiol, 44: 319-332.
5. ANDERSON J, Mc CAY JA (1994) .. The detection of antibodies against peste des petits ruminan/s virus in cattle, sheep and goals and the possible implications to rinderpest control programmes. Epidemiol Infect, 112: 225-23 I.
6. ANDERSON J, Mc CAY JA, BUTCHER RN (1991 ). The use of monoclonal antibodies in coınpetitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies to rinderpest and peste des petits rumi~ nants viruses. In: The Sero-monitoring of Rinderpest Throughout Africa Phase One IAEA-TECDOC-623 p.: 43-53
7. ANONiM ( 2000) Peste des petits ruminants . . In; OIE Manual of Standards Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines. 4th Ed. Chapter 2.1 .5,
8. BARRETT T, ROMERO CH, BARON MD, YAMANOUCHI K, DIALLO A, BOSTOCK CS, BLACK D (I 993). The mo/ecu/ar biology of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants. Ann Med Vet, 137: 77-85.

9. COUACY-HYMANN E, BIDJEH K, ANGBA A, DOMENECH J, DIALLO A ( 1995). Protection of goats against rinderpest by vaccination with attenuated peste des peti/s ruminants virus. Res Vet Sc i, 59: I 06-109.
10. DARDIRI AH, De BOER CJ, HAMDY FM ( 1976). Response of American goals and cattle to peste des petits ruminan/s . Proc 19th Ann Met Am Assoc Vet Lab Diag, 377-344.
11. DIALLO A ( 1988). Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants; constant threats to animal farming in many deve/aping countries. lmpact Sci Society, 150: 179-192.
12. DIALLO A, LIBEAU G, COUACYHYMANN E, BARBRON M (1995). Recent devetopmen/s in the diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants. Vet Microbiol, 44: 307-317.
13. DIALLO A, TAYLOR WP, LEFEVRE PC, PROVOST A (1989b ). Attenuation d'une souch de virus de la peste des petits ruminants candidat .pour un vaccin homoloque vivant. Rev Med Vet Pays Trop, 42(3): 311-319.
14. GIBBS E PJ , TAYLOR WP, LAWMAN MJP, BRYANT J ( 1979). Classi(ication of pes te des petits ruminants virus as the fourth member o( 30 the genus Morbillivirus. Intervirology, ll: 268-274.
15. HESSAMI M, MOAKHAR RK, KHEDMATI K, SARMAST R (I 994). Seroepidemiology of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminan/s in sheep and goals in Iran. Arch Inst Razi, 44- 45: 19-23.
16. KULKARNI DD, BHIKANE AU, SHAILA MS, VARALAKSHMI P, APTE MP, NARLADKAR BW (I 996). Pes te des petits ruminan/s in goals in lndia. Vet Record, 138: 187-188.
17. LEFEVRE PJ, DIALLO A (1990). Peste des petits ruminants. Rev sci tech Off int Epiz, 9(4): 951-965.
18. LEFEVRE PJ, DIALLO A, SCHENKEL F, HUSSE1N S, STAAK G (1991). Serological evidence of peste des petits rumlnants in Jordan. Vet Record, 128: llO.
19. LIBEAU G (1997). Antigen capture ELISA for differential diagnosis of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants. Report on the Third Meeting of TC Regional Coordination Project RAW/5/004, Amman, Jordan, June 22-26, 1997.
20. MARINER JC, HOUSE JA, MEBUS CA, SOLLOD A, STEM C (1991). ?roduction of a thermostable vero-cefi adapted rinderpest vaccine. J Tiss Cult Meth, 13: 253-256.
21. MARINER JC, HOUSE JA, MEBUS CA, VAN DENENDE MC (1993). Thr use ofthermostable vero-celi adapted rinderpe.şt vaccine as a heterogous vaccine against pes/e des petits ruminants. Res Vet Sci, 54: 212-216.
22. MOUSTAFA T. (1993). Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants - /ike disease in the Al - Ain region of the United Arab Emirates. Rev sci tech Off int Epiz, 12 (3): 857-863.
23. MURPHY FA, FAUQUET CM, SISHOP DHL, GHABRIAL SA, JARVIS AW, MAETELLI GP, MAYO MA, SUMMERS MD ( 1995). Paramyxoviridae. In: Virus Taxonomy Classifıcation and Nomenclature. Springer Verlag, Wien, Newyork, p. 268-274.
24. NANDA YP, CHATTERJCE A, PUROHITA K, DIALLO A, INUI K, SHARMA RN, LIBEAU G, THEVASAGAYAM J, BRÜNING A, KITCHING RP, ANDERSON J, BARRETT T, TAYLOR WP (1996). The isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus (rom Northern fndia. Vet Microbiol, 51: 207- 2I6.
25. OBI, TU, ROWE LW, TAYLOR WP (1984). Sero!ogical studies with peste des petits ruminants and rinderpest viruses in Nigeria. Trop Anim Hlth Prod, 16: 115-118. 26. PLOWRIGHT W, FERRIS RO (1962). Studies with rinderpest virus in tissue culture. The use of attenuated culture virus as a vaccine for catt!e. Res Vet Sci, 3: 172-182.
26. ROEDER PL, ABRAHAM G, KENFE G, BARRETT T (I 994). Peste des petits ruminants in Ethiopian goats. Trop Anim Hlth Prod, 26: 69-73.
27. ROMERO CH, BARRETT T, KITCHING R P, BOSTOCK C, BLACKD N (1995). Protection of goals against peste des petits ruminants with recombinant capripoxviruses expressing the fusion and haemagglutinin protein genes of rinderpest virus. Vaccine, 13(1): 36-40.
28. ROSSITER PB, JESSET DM, TAYLOR WP (1985). Microneutralisation system s for use w ith different strains of pes te des pet i ts ruminan/ s virus and rinderpest virus. Trop Anim Hith Prod, 17: 75-81.
29. SCOTT GR (I990). Rinderpest. Peste des petits ruıninants (Goat plaque). In: Virus Infections of Ruminants. Edd: Z. Dinter, B. Morein , Eisevier Science Publisher, Aınsterdam , Oxford, New York, Tokyo, chapter, 32-33 p.: 341 -361.
30. SHAILA MS, PURUSHOTHAMAN V, BHAVSAR DA, VENUGOPAL K, VENKATESAN RA (1989). Peste des petits ruminants of sheep in India. Vet Record, 125: 602
31. SHAILA MS, SHAMAKl D, FORSYTH M, DIALLO A GOATLEY L, KITCHING P, BARRETT T (I996). Geographic distribution and epidemiology of peste des petits ruminan/ s. Virus Res, 43: 149-153.
32. SHAILA MS, VENUGOPAL K, PURUSHOTHAMAN V, VENKATESAN RA. (1990). Isolation and characterisation of peste des petits runıinants virus (rom an outbreak in Tamilnadu sheep. Indian Vet J, 67: 385-386.
33. TATAR N, ALKAN F (1999). Koyun ve keçilerde küçük ruminant/arın vebası (peste des petıts rumıriants) ve sığır vebası enfeksiyonlarının seroloiik ve viroloiik olarak araştırılması. Etlik Vet Mikrob Derg, 10(2): 35-60
34. TAYLOR WP (I 979a). Serological studies w ith the virus of pes te des petits ruminants in Nigeria. Res Vet Sci, 26: 236-242.
35. TAYLOR WP (1979b). Protection of goals against peste des petits ruminants ,;ith attenıiated rinderpest virus. Res Vet Sci, 27: 321- 324. ~
36. TAYLOR WP (1984). The distribution and epidemiology ofpeste des petits ruminants. In: Impact ofDiseases on Livestock Production in the Tropics. Edd: H. P. Rıemann, M. J. Burridge, Elsevier, p.: I57-166.
37. TAYLOR WP, ABEGUNDE A (1979). The isolation of peste des petits ruminan/s virus (rom Nigerian sheep and goals. Res Vet Sci, 26: 94-96.
38. TAYLOR WP, AL BUSAIDY S, BARRETTT (1990). The epidemiology of peste des petits ruminan/s in the Sultanale of Oman. Vet Microbiol, 22: 341-352.
39. WOSU LO (I 994). Current status of pes te des petits ruminants (PPR) disease in sma/1 ruminants - a review article Stud Res Vet Med, 2: 83-90.
40. YILMA T, GIAVEDONI L, SALIKI J, BROWN C, MEBUS C, JONES C (1992). Protection of goats against peste des petits ruminan ts by· a vaccinia virus double recombinant expressing the F and H genes of rinderpest virus. Procc, 96th ·Ann. Meet.US An im. Hlth. Assoc. Kentucky, October 31-November- 6-1992.