Ege Bölgesi kültür balıklarında Gram pozitif bakteri infeksiyonlarının incelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmada, Ege Bölgesi kültür balıklarındaki Gram pozitif bakteri infeksiyonlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ege Bölgesi’nde bulunan çeşitli balık çiftliklerinden canlı olarak sağlıklı ve hasta olmak üzere, rutin teşhis laboratuvarına getirilen 150 kültür balığının fiziksel ve bakteriyolojik olarak incelenmesi sonucu toplam 101 adet izolat elde edildi. Bu izolatların 10 adeti (%9.9) Gram negatif kok ve basil, 91 adeti (%90.1) ise Gram pozitif kok-kokoid olarak belirlendi. Gram pozitif kok-kokoid tarzı 91 adet mikroorganizma Staphylococcus spp. (%43), Lactococcus lactis (%35.1), Enterococcus avium (%3.2), Enterococcus feacalis (%17.5), Listeria spp. (%1), Aerococcus viridans (%10.9), Aerococcus urinae (%5.4), Streptococcus pyogenes (%7.6) Streptococcus agalactiae (%14.2) olarak identifiye edildi. S. agalactia, sağlıklı balıkların %10.4’ünden izole edilirken, %7.8 oranında hasta balıklarda izole edilmiştir. S. pyogenes ise, sağlıklı balıkların %6.2’sinden izole edilirken, hasta balıkların %3.9’undan izole edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Balık hastalıkları
• Gram pozitif bakteri
• identifikasyon
• izolasyon.
• 2010
• Saadet GÜRPINAR
• Serap SAVAŞAN
• Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi

Investigation of Gram positive bacterial infections in culture fisheries in the Aegean Region

Öz

Aim of this study was, to define Gram positive bacterial infections at culture fisheries in the Aegean Region. In this research, 150 live culture fish taken from various fish farms on Aegean Region were classified as healthy or diseased. After analyzing of 150 culture fish at routine identification laboratories, 101 bacteria were isolated. Ten (9.9%) of these bacteria were identified as Gram negative cocci and bacilli, 91 (90.1%) of them were identified as Gram positive cocci-coccoid. These 91 Gram positive cocci-coccoid bacteria were identified as Lactococcus lactis (35.1%), Enterococcus avium (3.2%), Enterococcus feacalis (17.5%), Listeria spp. (1%), Aerococcus viridans (10.9%), Aerococcus urinae (5.4%), Streptococcus pyogenes (7.6%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (14.2%). S. agalactia were isolated from 10.4% of healthy fish as well as they were isolated from 7.8% of diseased fish. Also S. pyogenes was isolated from 6.2% of healthy fish and 3.9% of diseased fish.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fish diseases
• Gram positive bacteria
• identification
• isolation.

Kaynakça

1. Actis LA, Tolmasky ME, Crosa JH, (1999). Enterococcus seriolicida and Streptococcus iniae, Chapter 8. eds. Kusuda R, Salati F, Fish disease and disorders, Volume: 3 Viral, bacterial and fungal infections., CAB International, Oxfordshire.
2. Arda M, Seçer S, Sareyyüpoğlu M, (2005). Balık Hastalıkları, 2. Baskı, Ankara, Medisan Yayınevi, 69-100.
3. Bachrach G, Zlotkin A, Hurvitz A, Evans DL, Eldar A, (2001). Recovery of Streptococcus iniae from diseased fish previously vaccinated with a Streptococcus vaccine. Appl Environ Microbiol. 67 (8), 3756-3758.
4. Dodson SV, Muarer JJ, Shotts EB, (1999). Biochemical and molecular typing of Streptococcus iniae isolated from fish and human cases. J Fish Dis. 22, 331-336.
5. Eldar A, Goria M, Ghıttino C, Zlotkin A, Bercovier H, (1999). Biodiversity of Lactococcus garviae strains isolated from fish in Europe, Asia and Australia. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65 (3), 1005-1008.
6. Ertaş HB, Şeker E, (2005). Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from fish intestines and RAPD analysis. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 29, 1007-1011.
7. Evans JJ, Klesıus PH, Gilbert PM, Shoemaker CA, Al Sarawi J, Landsberg MA, Durumdez R, Al Marzouk A, Al Zenki S, (2002). Characterization of β-haemolytic group b Streptococcus agalactiae in cultured seabream, Sparus auratus L., and wild mullet, Liza klunzingeri (day), in Kuwait. J Fish Dis. 25, 505-513.
8. Ghittino C, Latini M, Agnetti F, Panzieri C, Lauro L, Ciappeloni R, Petracca G, (2003). Emerging pathologies in aquaculture: effects on production and food safety. Vet Res Com. 27 (1), 471-479.

9. Goh SH, Driedger D, Gillett S, Low DE, Hemmingsen SM, Amos M, Chan D, Lovgren M, Willey BM, Shaw C, Smith JA, (1998). Streptococcus iniae a human and animal pathogen: specific identification by the chaperonin 60 gene identification method. J Clin Microbiol. 36 (7), 2164-2166.
10. Goyache J, Vela AI, Gıbella A, Blanco MM, Briones V, Gonzales S, Tellez S, Ballesteros C, Dominguez L, Garayzabal JFF, (2001). Lactococcus lactis sbsp. lactis infection in waterfowl: first confirmation in animals. Emerg Infect Dis. 7 (5), 884-886.
11. Kitao T, (1994). Bacterial Diseases of Fish. Ed: İnglis V, Roberts RJ, Bromage NR. eds. Streptococal Infections, The University Pres, Cambridge.
12. Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Winn WC, (1997). Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, 5th ed., New York, Lippincott, 577-619.
13. Mata AI, Blanco MM, Dominguez L, Garayzabal JFF, Gibello A, (2004). Development of a PCR assay for Streptococcus iniae based on the lactate oxidase (lctO) gene with potential diagnotistic value. Vet Microbiol. 101, 109-104.
14. Monfort P, Minet J, Rocourt J, Piclet G, Cormier M, (1998). Incidence of Listeria spp. in Breton live shellfish. Lett Appl Microbiol. 26, 205-208.
15. Moore DF, Zhowandaı MH, Ferguson DM, Mcgee C, Mott JB, Stewart JS, (2005). Comparison of 16S rRNA sequencing with conventional and commercial phenotypic techniquesfor identification of enterococci from the marine environment. J Appl Microbiol. 1364-5072.
16. Neely MN, Pfeifer J, Dcaparon M, (2002). Streptococcus zebrafish model of bacterial pathogenesis. Infect Immun. 70 (7), 3904-3014.
17. Pasnik DJ, Evans JJ, Klesius PH, (2006). Passive immunization of nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) provides significant protection against Streptococcus agalactiae. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 21, 365-371.
18. Salvador R, Muller EE, Freitas JC, Leonhadt JH, Giordano LGP, Dias JA, (2005). Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus spp. group b in nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in hapas nets and earth nurseries in the northern region of Prana State, Brazil. Ciéncia. Rural, Santa Maria. 35 (6), 1374-1378.
19. Shelby RA, Klesius PH, Shoemaker CA, Evans JJ, (2002). Passive immunization of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.), with anti-Streptococcus iniae whole sera. J Fish Dis. 25, 1-6.
20. Tanrıkul TT, Çağırgan H, Tokşen E, (1997). Bakteriyel Balık Hastalıkları. Bornova Veteriner Kontrol ve Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Dergisi, Balık Hastalıkları Özel Sayısı. 20 (34), 105-128.
21. Vural A, Erkan ME, (2006). Diyarbakır Kenti’ndeki Dicle Nehri balıklarında mikrobiyolojik kalite parametreleri. Dicle Tıp Derg. 33 (3), 253-156.
22. Zlotkin A, Eldar A, Chittino C, Berccvier H, (1998). Identification of Lactococcus garvieae by PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 36 (4), 983-985.