Determination of drug susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates by culture based and molecular methods

Öz

Tuberculosis is still one of the most serious threats to human health around the world. Increasing of the drug resistance is one of the main cause of this state. Early diagnosis of drug-resistant Tuberculosis cases is urgently needed to prevent the transmission of resistant strains and to optimize treatment regimens. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex includes closely related species among which M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M.africanum are the most frequently associated with human disease. Unlike M. tuberculosis, M. bovis can infect a broad range of mammals, especially cattle and, therefore, M. bovis has zoonotic properties. For this reason, it is of great importance to look at the issue from a single health perspective in the fight against the disease and in understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance formation. In this review, information about the methods of determining drug susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates is given.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycobacterium bovis
• drug resistance
• health

Mycobacterium tuberculosis kompleks izolatlarında kültüre dayalı ve moleküler yöntemlerle ilaç duyarlılığının belirlenmesi

Öz

Tüberküloz, tüm dünyada hala insan sağlığına en ciddi tehditlerden biridir. İlaç direncinin günden güne artması da bu durumun başlıca nedenlerindendir. İlaca dirençli Tüberküloz olgularının hızlı saptanması, dirençli suşların bulaşını önlemek ve etkili tedavi rejimine başlanması açısından önemlidir. Mycobacterium tuberculosis kompleks türleri arasında birbiri ile çok yakın ilişki bulunan ve insan tüberkülozuna sebep olan türler arasında Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis ve Mycobacterium africanum yer almaktadır. M.tuberculosis’in aksine, M.bovis başta sığırlar olmak üzere çok geniş memeli hayvan yelpazesini etkileyebilir ve bu yüzden M.bovis zoonotik özelliğe sahiptir. Bu nedenle hastalıkla mücadelede ve antibiyotik direnç oluşum mekanizmalarını anlamada konuya tek sağlık penceresinden bakmak büyük önem arz etmektedir. Yapılan bu derlemede Mycobacterium tuberculosis kompleks izolatlarında ilaç duyarlılıklarının belirleme yöntemleri ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycobacterium bovis
• ilaç direnci
• sağlık

Kaynakça

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