Tavuk Dışkıları ve Çevresel Örneklerden Salmonella Infantis Fajlarının İzolasyonu ve Karakterizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de en çok izole edilen kanatlı Salmonella serotipi olan S. Infantis bakteriyofajlarının izolasyonu ve bu fajların konak spektrumunun belirlenmesi ayrıca bu fajların su, yem ve altlık materyallerindeki etki ve yaşam süreleri ile saklama sürelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmada, 50 adet dışkı-altlık ve 50 adet atık su örneğinden izole edilen 38 adet S. Infantis fajının, rutin test dilüsyonları, litik spektrumları ve litik profilleri belirlenerek seçilen fajlar RAPD-PCR ile genotiplendirildi. Litik profilleri ve RAPD homoloji düzeyleri birbirinden farklı olanlar arasından seçilen en yüksek litik spektruma sahip fajların (SF-In7, SF-In20) faj-bakteri dinamikleri incelendi. SF-In7, SF-In20 fajlarının adsorbsiyon oranı 20 dk’da %95 ve latent dönemleri ise sırasıyla 57 dk ve 65 dk olarak belirlendi. Deneysel çalışmalarda SF-In7 ve SF-In20 fajlarının 24 saatte canlı S. Infantis sayısını su materyalinde 4 log₁₀ cfu/ml  (p<0.001), altlık ve yem materyalinde 2-3 log₁₀ cfu/ml  (p<0.001) azalttığı, konak hücre bulundurmayan su materyalinde 4 hafta, altlık ve yem materyallerinde ise 3 hafta yaşadığı tespit edildi. Ayrıca çalışmada, SF-In7 ve SF-In20 fajlarının oda ısında (20-22°C) 6 hafta, +4°C’de 9 ay, -20°C ve -80°C’de ise 4 yıldan fazla canlılıklarını korudukları belirlendi. Çalışma sonucunda, SF-In7 ve SF-In20 fajlarının S. Infantis kontaminasyonunu azaltmada biyokontrol ajanı olarak kullanılabileceği, geniş saklama ısısı ve uzun yaşam süresi sebebiyle saha, kümes, kesimhane gibi ortamlarda uygulanmadan önce uzun süre kolaylıkla saklanabileceği sonucuna varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bakteriyofaj,biyokontrol,tavuk,Salmonella Infantis

Isolation and Characterization of Salmonella Infantis Phages from Poultry Faces and Environmental Samples

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to isolate the bacteriophages of S. Infantis, the most isolated Salmonella serotype of poultry in Turkey, to determine the effect and lifespan in the water, litter and feed and to detect the host spectrum and the storage time of these phages. In this study, the routine test dilutions, lytic spectra and lytic profiles of 38 S. Infantis phages isolated from 50 stool-litter and 50 wastewater samples were determined and the selected phages were genotyped by RAPD-PCR. Phage-bacterial dynamics of phages with the highest litic spectrum (SF-In7, SF-In20) selected among the different litic profiles and RAPD homology levels were investigated. The adsorption rate of SF-In7, SF-In20 phages was determined as 95% in 20 min and latency periods were determined as 57 min and 65 min, respectively. In

experimental studies, it was determined that the SF-In7 and SF-In20 phages decreased the number of alive S. Infantis in 24 h at 4 log10 cfu/ml (p<0.001) in water and at 2-3 log10 cfu/ml (p<0.001) in feed and litter and found to be alive for 4 weeks in the water and 3 weeks in the feed and litter without host cells. In addition, it was also determined that the SF-In7 and SF-In20 phages survived for 6 weeks at room temperature (20-22°C), 9 months at 4°C, and more than 4 years at -20°C and -80°C. As a result of the study, SF-In7 and SF-In20 phages can be used as biocontrol agents to reduce the S. Infantis contamination, and can be stored easily for a longtime period before application in environments such as field, poultry house, slaughterhouse due to its large storage temperature and long life span.

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