İç Anadolu'nun Bazı Yörelerinde Tatlısu Balıklarının Parazitleri

Yıl 1988, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 143 - 166, 01.12.1988

Ayşe Burgu Turan Oğuz Wolfgang Körtıng Nevzat Güralp

Öz

1981-1984 yılları arasında İç Anadolu bölgesinde değişik yörelerinden 999 tatlısu balığının paraziter yönden kontrolü yapılmıştır. Balık örnekleri Çifteler Sakaryabaşı Balık Üretim ve Araştırma istasyonu ile Gölbaşı-Eymir göllerinden projenin ilk iki senesi her ay alınmış, ayrıca değişik zamanlarda 3 baraj gölünden (Kurtboğazı, Hirfanlı, Sarıyer), 2 dereden (Kızılcahamam- Nallıhan) ve 1 göletten (Çankırı, Günerdiğin) yakalanan balıklarda kontrol edilmiştir.
Hem kültür hem de yaban balıklarının (cyprinus carpio (Sazan), Tinca tinca (Kadife), Salmo gairdneri( Alabalık), Alburnus sp. (Gümüş-İnci), Silurus glanis (Yayın), Esox lucius (Turna), Barbus sp. Varicorhinus sp. Chondrostoma sp. , Blicca bjoerkna ,Aspius aspius)kontrolleri yapılmıştır.
Ağla yakalanan balıklar, yarıyarıya su ve oksijen içeren naylon torbalar içinde canlı olarak laboratuvara getirilmiş ve muayene öncesi öldürülerek ekto- ve endoparazitler yönünden kontrol edilmiştir.
Kontroller vücut yüzeyi, solungaçlar, vücut boşluğu, kan ve kalp, yüzme kesesi, karaciğer, böbrek, sindirim sistemi ve kasları kapsamıştır.
Kontrol edilen balıkların türleri, alındığı yer, taşıdıkları parazitler kaydedilmiş olup, kontrol edilen 999 balıktan 597'sinin (%59.7) bir veya daha fazla parazit türü ile enfekte olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, İç Anadolu, İç Anadolu Tatlısu Balıklarında Parazitler, Tatlısu Balıklarında Parazit, Parazit, 1987, 1988, Etlk Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Ayşe BURGU, Turan OĞUZ, Wolfgang KÖRTING, Nevzat GÜRALP

Parasites of freshwater fishes in same areas of Central Anatolia

Öz

The purpose of this project was to investigate the distribution
and possible pathogenic role of ecto-and endoparasites of freshwater fishes in some areas of Central Anatolia.
Totally 999 fishes from different areas of Central Anatolia were
collected and examined between the years of 1981-1984. The fish
samples were talken mainly from Gölbaşı-.Eymir lakes and Çifteler
Sakaryabaşı Fish Breeding and Research Station. With a few exceptions
fish samples were taken monthly from these two places
mentioned above, during the first two years of project. In. addition to these places, fishes were also obtained from three dam lakes
(Kurtboğazı-Hirfanlı-Sarıyer), two streams • (Kızılcahamam-Nallıhan)
and one pond (Çankırı, Günerdiğin). Fishes were caught by nets and transferred to the laboratory in the plastic bags filled with equal volumes of water and oxygen. As a result most of the
fishes were alive before examination. Both farmed and feral fishes
(Cyprinus carpio, Tinca tinca. Salma gairdneri, Alburnus sp. , Silurus glanis, Esox lucius, Barbus. sp .. Varicorhinus sp., Chondrostoma sp., Blicca bjoerkna, Aspius aspius) were caught. Immediately after
killing, fishes were controlled for• ecto- and endoparasites. This
control comprised ıbody surface, gill, body cavity, blood and heart.
swimming bladder, liver, kidney, digestive tract and muscles. Species
and number of examined fishes from each places. local and
general distribution and percentage of their parasites were recorded.
The following parasites were found.
I) Ectoparasites
a) Protozoa : Trichodina sp. (T.domerguei, T.nigra), . Trichodinella
sp., Ichtyophthirius multifilüs, ;Apiosoma sp., ,Chilodonella
cyprini, Costia necatrix, Cryptobia branchialis.

b) Crustacea : Argulus foliaceus (Carp louse), Ergasilus sp . Lernaea cyprinacea (Anothor worm).

c) Monogenea : Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp.

d) Metacercariae : Clinostomum complanatum (from Alburnus)
and other.

e) Nematode larvae Unidentifled

f) Mucophilus cysts

II) Endoparaısites

a) Protozoa : Trypanosoma sp., Trypanoplasma sp., Coccidia
(Eimeria sp.), Myxozoa (Myxosoma, Myxdbolus, Myxidium.
Spherıospora), Hexamita sp.
b) Digenea : Sanguinicola sp. {eggs), Asymphylodora tincae
and unidentified m:etacercariae.
c) Cestodes : Ligula intestinalis plerocercoids, Proteocephalus
osculatus, Caryophylleus laticeps. l'arval Cylophyllidean
cestodes.
d) Nematoda : Philometra intestinalis
e) Acanthocephala : Pomphorhynchus laevis, Neoechinor hynchus rutili
The rate of infection with one or more parasites varied with different species of both fish and parazites, sampling origin and season of the year. Of the 999 fishes examined 597(59.7%) were found to harbour parasites.

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