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Avrupada Kırmızı Tilkilerin (Vulpes Vulpes L)Ağız Yoluyla İmmunizasyonu

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 9 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 35 - 59, 01.06.1998

Öz

Attenüe virus aşısı kullanılarak kırmızı tilkilerin kuduza karşı immunize
edilebilirliğinin prensiplerini gösteren. birçok deneysel çalışmadan
sonra tilkilerin ağız yoluyla immunizasyonu ile ilgili ilk saha çalışması.
1978 yılında İsviçre'de başarıyla yürütülmüştür. Geçmişte yürütülen alışılagelmiş
kuduz kontrol yöntemlerinin aksine attenüe aşıların potansiyel
kullanımı kuduzun kontrolünde yeni bir perspektif sunar görünmektedir.
Bundan sonra tilkilerin ağız yoluyla immunizasyonu modifiye canlı aşıların
bait üretim sistemlerinin , aşılama stratejilerinin ve bait dağıtımı geliştirilmesi
ile ilgili uluslararası araştırmalardaki yoğun çabalardan dolayı
Avrupa'da kuduzun kontrolunde seçilen bir metot olarak gelişmiştir. Dünya
Sağlık Örgütü ve Avrupa Birliği tarafından desteklenen uluslararası bir
işbirliğinin sonucu olarak, tilkilerin ağız yoluyla immunizasyonu uygulamasının katılan ülkelerede kuduzun insidansı belirgin şekilde düşmüştür.
Vahşi hayvanlardaki hastalık kontrolüne yönelik bu modern yöntem, temel
alınarak tilkilerdeki kuduzun yakın bir gelecekte elemine edileceği tahmin
edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte son yıllarda muhtelif Avrupa ülkelerinde aşılama stratejilerindeki eksiklik ve maddi imkanlar nedeniyle kuduz insidansında
çok az bir artış görülmüştür. Bu deneyimler göstermektedir ki tilkilerin
ağız yoluyla immunizasyonu ile kuduzun tamamen eradikasyonu
tahmin edilenden daha uzun sürmekte ve daha komplike olmaktadır. Bu
sorunların çözülmesinde gelecekte uluslararası işbirliği (kontrol programları
ve araştırmaya yönelik) son derece önemli olup, Avrupa'daki vahşi hayvanlardaki
kuduzun eradikasyonu için tilkilerin oral yolla immunizasyonu amacına ulaşılması için güçlendirilmelidir.

Kaynakça

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  • Artois M, Charlton KM, Tolson ND, Casey GA, Knowless MK, Campbell JB (1990) Vaccina recombinant virus eA'})ressing the rabies virus glycoprotein: safety anel efficacy trials in Canadian wildlife. Can. J. Vet. Res. 54:504-507
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  • Bachmann P, Bramwell RN, Fraser SJ, Gilmore DA, Johnston DH, Lawson KF, Maclnnes CD, Matejka FO, Miles HE, Pedde MA, Voigt DR (1990) Wild carnivore acceptance of baits for delivery of liquid rabies vaccine . J. Wilcll. Dis .. 26:486-501
  • Baer GM, Abelseth MK, Debbie JG (1971) Oral vaccination of foxes against rabies. Am. J . Epidemiol., 93:487-490
  • Baer GM, Shaddock JH, Hayes DJ, Savarie P (1985) Iophenoxic acidasa serum marker in carnivores. J . Wildl. Manage., 49:49-51
  • Balser DS (ı964) Management of predator populations with antifertility agents. J . Wildl. Manage., 28:352-358
  • Bingham J, Foggin CM, Gerher H, Hill FWG, Kappel er A, King AA, Perry BD, W andeler Al (1992) Pathogenicity of SAD rabies vaccine given orally in chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). Vet. Rec .. 18:55
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Oral immunization of Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes L) in Europe - A Review-

Yıl 1998, Cilt: 9 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 35 - 59, 01.06.1998

Öz

Many experimental studies showeel the principle possibility of
immunizing red foxes against rabies using attenuated virus vaccines. The
first field trial concerning oral immunization of foxes (OIF) against rabies
was successfully carried out in Switzerland in 1978. In contrast to
conventional rnethods of rabies control conducted in the past. the potential
use of a tlenuatecl vaccines appeared to offer a new perspective in rabies
control. Since then the OIF has been developed into the method of choice
in rabies control in Europe due to intensive efforts in international research
con cerning iınprovement and further development of modified live virus
vaccines. baiting systems. vaccination strategies. and bait distribution
systems. As a result of international cooperation with support of the World
Healt Organization and the European Union the rabies ineidence has
drastically decreased in OIF -participating countries. It is estimatecl that.
with this modern method of disease control in wildlife. rabies in foxes could
be eliminateel in the near future . However. in recent years, several set-backs
were observed resulting in a slight increase in the rabies incidence of
cer1ain European counties. These were mainly due to lack of funding and
the appliecl vaccination strategies. These experiences indicate that the
complete eradication of rabies virus with OIF is more protracted anel more
complicatecl than originally assumed. In order to solve these problems.
international cooperation (control programmes and research) is of utmost
.importance and needs to be strengthened to reach the aim of OIF. the
eraclication of rabies in wildlife in Europe.

Kaynakça

  • Artois M, Chilled T, Mallet E (1987) Premiere campagne ele vaccination antirabique du renard par voie orale menee en France - centrole de efficacite chez le renard et innocuite chez les micromanüfereses. Ann. med. vet., 131:457-462
  • Artois M, Charlton KM, Tolson ND, Casey GA, Knowless MK, Campbell JB (1990) Vaccina recombinant virus eA'})ressing the rabies virus glycoprotein: safety anel efficacy trials in Canadian wildlife. Can. J. Vet. Res. 54:504-507
  • Aubert MFA (ı 992) Epiclemiology of fox rabies. In: Wildlife Rabies Control (ecls. Bögel K, Meslin FX, Kaplan Ml 9-18,Wells Medical Ltd. , Kent
  • Bachmann P, Bramwell RN, Fraser SJ, Gilmore DA, Johnston DH, Lawson KF, Maclnnes CD, Matejka FO, Miles HE, Pedde MA, Voigt DR (1990) Wild carnivore acceptance of baits for delivery of liquid rabies vaccine . J. Wilcll. Dis .. 26:486-501
  • Baer GM, Abelseth MK, Debbie JG (1971) Oral vaccination of foxes against rabies. Am. J . Epidemiol., 93:487-490
  • Baer GM, Shaddock JH, Hayes DJ, Savarie P (1985) Iophenoxic acidasa serum marker in carnivores. J . Wildl. Manage., 49:49-51
  • Balser DS (ı964) Management of predator populations with antifertility agents. J . Wildl. Manage., 28:352-358
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  • Pastaret PP, Blancou J, Wolff F (1987) International rabies vaccination campaign of foxes by the oral route in Luxembourg. Ann Med. Vet.. 131:441-447
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  • Schlüter H, Müller T (1995) Tollwutbekampfung in Deutschland. Ergebnisse und Schussfolgerungen aus über 10 jahriger Bekampfung. Tierarztl. Umschau. 50:7 48-758
  • Schneider LG (1984) Feldversuch zur oralen Immunisierung von Füchsen gegen die Tollwut in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Vakzineentwicklung, Planung und Durchführung der Impfaktion. bisherige Ergebnisse. 25-53. Kongressbericht der Tagung der FG Tierseuchenrecht - DVG. Giessen
  • Schneider LG (1990) Der Einfluss der oralen Immunisierung der Füchse auf die Epidemiologie der Tollwut. In: Fuchs-Symposium, Koblenz. 2-3 . Marz 1990 (eds. Commichau C, Sprankel H) 145-164. Verlag J. Neumann-Neudamm. Melsungen.
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Toplam 97 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Thomas Müller Bu kişi benim

Hartmut Schlüter Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 1998
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ocak 1998
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 1998 Cilt: 9 Sayı: Özel Sayı

Kaynak Göster

APA Müller, T., & Schlüter, H. (1998). Avrupada Kırmızı Tilkilerin (Vulpes Vulpes L)Ağız Yoluyla İmmunizasyonu. Etlik Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 9(Özel Sayı), 35-59.


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